chore: update viper

Signed-off-by: Mark Sagi-Kazar <mark.sagikazar@gmail.com>

.editorconfig

@@ -13,3 +13,9 @@ indent_style = tab
 
 [{Makefile,*.mk}]
 indent_style = tab
+
+[*.nix]
+indent_size = 2
+
+[.golangci.yaml]
+indent_size = 2

.envrc

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+if ! has nix_direnv_version || ! nix_direnv_version 3.0.4; then
+  source_url "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nix-community/nix-direnv/3.0.4/direnvrc" "sha256-DzlYZ33mWF/Gs8DDeyjr8mnVmQGx7ASYqA5WlxwvBG4="
+fi
+use flake . --impure

.github/workflows/checks.yaml

@@ -11,8 +11,20 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Check minimum labels
-        uses: mheap/github-action-required-labels@v3
+        uses: mheap/github-action-required-labels@388fd6af37b34cdfe5a23b37060e763217e58b03 # v5.5
         with:
           mode: minimum
           count: 1
-          labels: "release-note/ignore, kind/feature, release-note/new-feature, kind/enhancement, release-note/enhancement, kind/bug, release-note/bug-fix, release-note/breaking-change, release-note/deprecation, area/dependencies, release-note/dependency-update"
+          labels: |
+            release-note/ignore
+            kind/feature
+            release-note/new-feature
+            kind/enhancement
+            release-note/enhancement
+            kind/bug
+            release-note/bug-fix
+            release-note/breaking-change
+            release-note/deprecation
+            area/dependencies
+            release-note/dependency-update
+            release-note/misc

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -2,14 +2,14 @@ name: CI
 
 on:
   push:
-    branches:
-      - master
+    branches: [master]
   pull_request:
 
 jobs:
   build:
     name: Build
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ jobs:
             goarch: ppc64
 
     steps:
-      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v3
-        with:
-          go-version: 1.19
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
 
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@3041bf56c941b39c61721a86cd11f3bb1338122a # v5.2.0
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.25"
 
       - name: Build
         run: go build .
@@ -37,49 +37,79 @@ jobs:
   test:
     name: Test
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+
     strategy:
       # Fail fast is disabled because there are Go version specific features and tests
       # that should be able to fail independently.
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
-        go: ['1.17', '1.18', '1.19']
-    env:
-      GOFLAGS: -mod=readonly
+        go: ["1.23", "1.24", "1.25"]
+        tags: ["", "viper_finder", "viper_bind_struct"]
 
     steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
       - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v3
+        uses: actions/setup-go@3041bf56c941b39c61721a86cd11f3bb1338122a # v5.2.0
         with:
           go-version: ${{ matrix.go }}
 
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
       - name: Test
-        run: go test -race -v ./...
+        run: go test -race -v -tags '${{ matrix.tags }}' -shuffle=on ./...
         if: runner.os != 'Windows'
 
       - name: Test (without race detector)
-        run: go test -v ./...
+        run: go test -v -tags '${{ matrix.tags }}' -shuffle=on ./...
         if: runner.os == 'Windows'
 
   lint:
     name: Lint
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    env:
-      GOFLAGS: -mod=readonly
 
     steps:
-      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v3
-        with:
-          go-version: 1.19
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
 
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@3041bf56c941b39c61721a86cd11f3bb1338122a # v5.2.0
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.25"
 
       - name: Lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v3
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@4afd733a84b1f43292c63897423277bb7f4313a9 # v8.0.0
         with:
-          version: v1.50.1
+          version: v2.4.0
+
+  dev:
+    name: Developer environment
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+      - name: Set up Nix
+        uses: cachix/install-nix-action@3715ab1a11cac9e991980d7b4a28d80c7ebdd8f9 # v27
+        with:
+          extra_nix_config: |
+            access-tokens = github.com=${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Check
+        run: nix flake check --impure
+
+      - name: Dev shell
+        run: nix develop --impure
+
+  dependency-review:
+    name: Dependency review
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
+
+      - name: Dependency Review
+        uses: actions/dependency-review-action@3b139cfc5fae8b618d3eae3675e383bb1769c019 # v4.5.0

.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yaml

@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      uses: actions/checkout@11bd71901bbe5b1630ceea73d27597364c9af683 # v4.2.2
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@v2
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@df409f7d9260372bd5f19e5b04e83cb3c43714ae # v3.27.9
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v2
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@df409f7d9260372bd5f19e5b04e83cb3c43714ae # v3.27.9
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -68,5 +68,5 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v2
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@df409f7d9260372bd5f19e5b04e83cb3c43714ae # v3.27.9
 

.github/workflows/feedback_issue.yaml

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-on:
-  issues:
-    types: [opened]
-
-jobs:
-  comment:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/github-script@v6
-        with:
-          github-token: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}}
-          script: |
-            github.rest.issues.createComment({
-              issue_number: context.issue.number,
-              owner: context.repo.owner,
-              repo: context.repo.repo,
-              body: `👋 Thanks for reporting!
-
-            A maintainer will take a look at your issue shortly. 👀
-
-            In the meantime: We are working on **Viper v2** and we would love to hear your thoughts about what you like or don't like about Viper, so we can improve or fix those issues.
-
-            ⏰ If you have a couple minutes, please take some time and share your thoughts: https://forms.gle/R6faU74qPRPAzchZ9
-
-            📣 If you've already given us your feedback, you can still help by spreading the news,
-            either by sharing the above link or telling people about this on Twitter:
-
-            https://twitter.com/sagikazarmark/status/1306904078967074816
-
-            **Thank you!** ❤️
-            `,
-            })

.github/workflows/feedback_pull_request.yaml

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-on:
-  pull_request_target:
-    types: [opened]
-
-jobs:
-  comment:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/github-script@v6
-        with:
-          github-token: ${{secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN}}
-          script: |
-            github.rest.issues.createComment({
-              issue_number: context.issue.number,
-              owner: context.repo.owner,
-              repo: context.repo.repo,
-              body: `👋 Thanks for contributing to Viper! You are awesome! 🎉
-
-            A maintainer will take a look at your pull request shortly. 👀
-
-            In the meantime: We are working on **Viper v2** and we would love to hear your thoughts about what you like or don't like about Viper, so we can improve or fix those issues.
-
-            ⏰ If you have a couple minutes, please take some time and share your thoughts: https://forms.gle/R6faU74qPRPAzchZ9
-
-            📣 If you've already given us your feedback, you can still help by spreading the news,
-            either by sharing the above link or telling people about this on Twitter:
-
-            https://twitter.com/sagikazarmark/status/1306904078967074816
-
-            **Thank you!** ❤️
-            `,
-            })

.github/workflows/stale.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: "Close stale issues"
+
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "0 3 * * *"
+
+jobs:
+  stale:
+    name: Stale
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/stale@v9
+        with:
+          days-before-stale: 30
+          days-before-close: 5
+          days-before-pr-stale: -1 # Ignore all PRs
+          stale-issue-message: "Issues with no activity for 30 days are marked stale and subject to being closed."
+          close-issue-message: "This issue has been closed for inactivity. Please re-open if this was a mistake."
+          stole-issue-label: "lifecycle/stale"
+          debug-only: true # TODO for testing

.gitignore

@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
+/.devenv/
+/.direnv/
 /.idea/
+/.pre-commit-config.yaml
 /bin/
 /build/
 /var/

.golangci.yaml

@@ -1,96 +1,118 @@
-run:
-    timeout: 5m
+version: "2"
 
-linters-settings:
-    gci:
-        sections:
-            - standard
-            - default
-            - prefix(github.com/spf13/viper)
-    golint:
-        min-confidence: 0
-    goimports:
-        local-prefixes: github.com/spf13/viper
+run:
+  timeout: 5m
 
 linters:
-    disable-all: true
-    enable:
-        - bodyclose
-        - deadcode
-        - dogsled
-        - dupl
-        - durationcheck
-        - exhaustive
-        - exportloopref
-        - gci
-        - gofmt
-        - gofumpt
-        - goimports
-        - gomoddirectives
-        - goprintffuncname
-        - govet
-        - importas
-        - ineffassign
-        - makezero
-        - misspell
-        - nakedret
-        - nilerr
+  enable:
+    - bodyclose
+    - dogsled
+    - dupl
+    - durationcheck
+    - exhaustive
+    - gocritic
+    - godot
+    - gomoddirectives
+    - goprintffuncname
+    - govet
+    - importas
+    - ineffassign
+    - makezero
+    - misspell
+    - nakedret
+    - nilerr
+    - noctx
+    - nolintlint
+    - prealloc
+    - predeclared
+    - revive
+    - rowserrcheck
+    - sqlclosecheck
+    - staticcheck
+    - tparallel
+    - unconvert
+    - unparam
+    - unused
+    - wastedassign
+    - whitespace
+
+    # fixme
+    # - cyclop
+    # - errcheck
+    # - errorlint
+    # - exhaustivestruct
+    # - forbidigo
+    # - forcetypeassert
+    # - gochecknoglobals
+    # - gochecknoinits
+    # - gocognit
+    # - goconst
+    # - gocyclo
+    # - gosec
+    # - gosimple
+    # - ifshort
+    # - lll
+    # - nlreturn
+    # - paralleltest
+    # - scopelint
+    # - thelper
+    # - wrapcheck
+
+    # unused
+    # - depguard
+    # - goheader
+    # - gomodguard
+
+    # don't enable:
+    # - asciicheck
+    # - funlen
+    # - godox
+    # - goerr113
+    # - gomnd
+    # - interfacer
+    # - maligned
+    # - nestif
+    # - testpackage
+    # - wsl
+
+  exclusions:
+    rules:
+      - linters:
+        - errcheck
         - noctx
-        - nolintlint
-        - prealloc
-        - predeclared
-        - revive
-        - rowserrcheck
-        - sqlclosecheck
-        - staticcheck
-        - structcheck
-        - stylecheck
-        - tparallel
-        - typecheck
-        - unconvert
-        - unparam
-        - unused
-        - varcheck
-        - wastedassign
-        - whitespace
+        path: _test.go
+    presets:
+      - comments
+      - std-error-handling
 
-        # fixme
-        # - cyclop
-        # - errcheck
-        # - errorlint
-        # - exhaustivestruct
-        # - forbidigo
-        # - forcetypeassert
-        # - gochecknoglobals
-        # - gochecknoinits
-        # - gocognit
-        # - goconst
-        # - gocritic
-        # - gocyclo
-        # - godot
-        # - gosec
-        # - gosimple
-        # - ifshort
-        # - lll
-        # - nlreturn
-        # - paralleltest
-        # - scopelint
-        # - thelper
-        # - wrapcheck
+  settings:
+    misspell:
+      locale: US
+    nolintlint:
+      allow-unused: false # report any unused nolint directives
+      require-specific: false # don't require nolint directives to be specific about which linter is being skipped
+    gocritic:
+      # Enable multiple checks by tags. See "Tags" section in https://github.com/go-critic/go-critic#usage.
+      enabled-tags:
+        - diagnostic
+        - experimental
+        - opinionated
+        - style
+      disabled-checks:
+        - importShadow
+        - unnamedResult
 
-        # unused
-        # - depguard
-        # - goheader
-        # - gomodguard
+formatters:
+  enable:
+    - gci
+    - gofmt
+    - gofumpt
+    - goimports
+    # - golines
 
-        # don't enable:
-        # - asciicheck
-        # - funlen
-        # - godox
-        # - goerr113
-        # - gomnd
-        # - interfacer
-        # - maligned
-        # - nestif
-        # - testpackage
-        # - wsl
+  settings:
+    gci:
+      sections:
+        - standard
+        - default
+        - localmodule

.yamlignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# TODO: FIXME
+/.github/

.yamllint.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+ignore-from-file: [.gitignore, .yamlignore]
+
+extends: default
+
+rules:
+  line-length: disable

Makefile

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ TEST_FORMAT = short-verbose
 endif
 
 # Dependency versions
-GOTESTSUM_VERSION = 1.8.0
-GOLANGCI_VERSION = 1.50.1
+GOTESTSUM_VERSION = 1.9.0
+GOLANGCI_VERSION = 1.53.3
 
 # Add the ability to override some variables
 # Use with care
@@ -29,11 +29,6 @@ clear: ## Clear the working area and the project
 .PHONY: check
 check: test lint ## Run tests and linters
 
-bin/gotestsum: bin/gotestsum-${GOTESTSUM_VERSION}
-	@ln -sf gotestsum-${GOTESTSUM_VERSION} bin/gotestsum
-bin/gotestsum-${GOTESTSUM_VERSION}:
-	@mkdir -p bin
-	curl -L https://github.com/gotestyourself/gotestsum/releases/download/v${GOTESTSUM_VERSION}/gotestsum_${GOTESTSUM_VERSION}_${OS}_amd64.tar.gz | tar -zOxf - gotestsum > ./bin/gotestsum-${GOTESTSUM_VERSION} && chmod +x ./bin/gotestsum-${GOTESTSUM_VERSION}
 
 TEST_PKGS ?= ./...
 .PHONY: test
@@ -44,20 +39,36 @@ test: bin/gotestsum ## Run tests
 	@mkdir -p ${BUILD_DIR}
 	bin/gotestsum --no-summary=skipped --junitfile ${BUILD_DIR}/coverage.xml --format ${TEST_FORMAT} -- -race -coverprofile=${BUILD_DIR}/coverage.txt -covermode=atomic $(filter-out -v,${GOARGS}) $(if ${TEST_PKGS},${TEST_PKGS},./...)
 
-bin/golangci-lint: bin/golangci-lint-${GOLANGCI_VERSION}
-	@ln -sf golangci-lint-${GOLANGCI_VERSION} bin/golangci-lint
-bin/golangci-lint-${GOLANGCI_VERSION}:
-	@mkdir -p bin
-	curl -sfL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golangci/golangci-lint/master/install.sh | bash -s -- -b ./bin/ v${GOLANGCI_VERSION}
-	@mv bin/golangci-lint "$@"
-
 .PHONY: lint
-lint: bin/golangci-lint ## Run linter
-	bin/golangci-lint run
+lint: lint-go lint-yaml
+lint: ## Run linters
 
-.PHONY: fix
-fix: bin/golangci-lint ## Fix lint violations
-	bin/golangci-lint run --fix
+.PHONY: lint-go
+lint-go:
+	golangci-lint run $(if ${CI},--out-format github-actions,)
+
+.PHONY: lint-yaml
+lint-yaml:
+	yamllint $(if ${CI},-f github,) --no-warnings .
+
+.PHONY: fmt
+fmt: ## Format code
+	golangci-lint run --fix
+
+deps: bin/golangci-lint bin/gotestsum yamllint
+deps: ## Install dependencies
+
+bin/gotestsum:
+	@mkdir -p bin
+	curl -L https://github.com/gotestyourself/gotestsum/releases/download/v${GOTESTSUM_VERSION}/gotestsum_${GOTESTSUM_VERSION}_${OS}_amd64.tar.gz | tar -zOxf - gotestsum > ./bin/gotestsum && chmod +x ./bin/gotestsum
+
+bin/golangci-lint:
+	@mkdir -p bin
+	curl -sSfL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golangci/golangci-lint/master/install.sh | bash -s -- v${GOLANGCI_VERSION}
+
+.PHONY: yamllint
+yamllint:
+	pip3 install --user yamllint
 
 # Add custom targets here
 -include custom.mk

README.md

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 >
 > **Thank you!**
 
-![Viper](.github/logo.png?raw=true)
+![viper logo](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/acae9193-2974-41f3-808d-2d433f5ada5e)
+
 
 [![Mentioned in Awesome Go](https://awesome.re/mentioned-badge-flat.svg)](https://github.com/avelino/awesome-go#configuration)
 [![run on repl.it](https://repl.it/badge/github/sagikazarmark/Viper-example)](https://repl.it/@sagikazarmark/Viper-example#main.go)
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@
 [![GitHub Workflow Status](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/spf13/viper/ci.yaml?branch=master&style=flat-square)](https://github.com/spf13/viper/actions?query=workflow%3ACI)
 [![Join the chat at https://gitter.im/spf13/viper](https://badges.gitter.im/Join%20Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/spf13/viper?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
 [![Go Report Card](https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/spf13/viper?style=flat-square)](https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/spf13/viper)
-![Go Version](https://img.shields.io/badge/go%20version-%3E=1.16-61CFDD.svg?style=flat-square)
+![Go Version](https://img.shields.io/badge/go%20version-%3E=1.23-61CFDD.svg?style=flat-square)
 [![PkgGoDev](https://pkg.go.dev/badge/mod/github.com/spf13/viper)](https://pkg.go.dev/mod/github.com/spf13/viper)
 
 **Go configuration with fangs!**
@@ -27,6 +28,10 @@ Many Go projects are built using Viper including:
 * [doctl](https://github.com/digitalocean/doctl)
 * [Clairctl](https://github.com/jgsqware/clairctl)
 * [Mercure](https://mercure.rocks)
+* [Meshery](https://github.com/meshery/meshery)
+* [Bearer](https://github.com/bearer/bearer)
+* [Coder](https://github.com/coder/coder)
+* [Vitess](https://vitess.io/)
 
 
 ## Install
@@ -35,7 +40,7 @@ Many Go projects are built using Viper including:
 go get github.com/spf13/viper
 ```
 
-**Note:** Viper uses [Go Modules](https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/Modules) to manage dependencies.
+**Note:** Viper uses [Go Modules](https://go.dev/wiki/Modules) to manage dependencies.
 
 
 ## What is Viper?
@@ -137,7 +142,7 @@ if err := viper.ReadInConfig(); err != nil {
 // Config file found and successfully parsed
 ```
 
-*NOTE [since 1.6]:* You can also have a file without an extension and specify the format programmaticaly. For those configuration files that lie in the home of the user without any extension like `.bashrc`
+*NOTE [since 1.6]:* You can also have a file without an extension and specify the format programmatically. For those configuration files that lie in the home of the user without any extension like `.bashrc`
 
 ### Writing Config Files
 
@@ -218,6 +223,7 @@ These could be from a command line flag, or from your own application logic.
 ```go
 viper.Set("Verbose", true)
 viper.Set("LogFile", LogFile)
+viper.Set("host.port", 5899)   // set subset
 ```
 
 ### Registering and Using Aliases
@@ -413,7 +419,9 @@ in a Key/Value store such as etcd or Consul.  These values take precedence over
 default values, but are overridden by configuration values retrieved from disk,
 flags, or environment variables.
 
-Viper uses [crypt](https://github.com/bketelsen/crypt) to retrieve
+Viper supports multiple hosts. To use, pass a list of endpoints separated by `;`. For example `http://127.0.0.1:4001;http://127.0.0.1:4002`.
+
+Viper uses [crypt](https://github.com/sagikazarmark/crypt) to retrieve
 configuration from the K/V store, which means that you can store your
 configuration values encrypted and have them automatically decrypted if you have
 the correct gpg keyring.  Encryption is optional.
@@ -425,7 +433,7 @@ independently of it.
 K/V store. `crypt` defaults to etcd on http://127.0.0.1:4001.
 
 ```bash
-$ go get github.com/bketelsen/crypt/bin/crypt
+$ go get github.com/sagikazarmark/crypt/bin/crypt
 $ crypt set -plaintext /config/hugo.json /Users/hugo/settings/config.json
 ```
 
@@ -484,6 +492,15 @@ err := viper.ReadRemoteConfig()
 
 Of course, you're allowed to use `SecureRemoteProvider` also
 
+
+#### NATS
+
+```go
+viper.AddRemoteProvider("nats", "nats://127.0.0.1:4222", "myapp.config")
+viper.SetConfigType("json")
+err := viper.ReadRemoteConfig()
+```
+
 ### Remote Key/Value Store Example - Encrypted
 
 ```go
@@ -531,24 +548,27 @@ go func(){
 In Viper, there are a few ways to get a value depending on the value’s type.
 The following functions and methods exist:
 
- * `Get(key string) : interface{}`
+ * `Get(key string) : any`
  * `GetBool(key string) : bool`
  * `GetFloat64(key string) : float64`
  * `GetInt(key string) : int`
  * `GetIntSlice(key string) : []int`
  * `GetString(key string) : string`
- * `GetStringMap(key string) : map[string]interface{}`
+ * `GetStringMap(key string) : map[string]any`
  * `GetStringMapString(key string) : map[string]string`
  * `GetStringSlice(key string) : []string`
  * `GetTime(key string) : time.Time`
  * `GetDuration(key string) : time.Duration`
  * `IsSet(key string) : bool`
- * `AllSettings() : map[string]interface{}`
+ * `AllSettings() : map[string]any`
 
 One important thing to recognize is that each Get function will return a zero
 value if it’s not found. To check if a given key exists, the `IsSet()` method
 has been provided.
 
+The zero value will also be returned if the value is set, but fails to parse
+as the requested type.
+
 Example:
 ```go
 viper.GetString("logfile") // case-insensitive Setting & Getting
@@ -706,8 +726,8 @@ etc.
 
 There are two methods to do this:
 
- * `Unmarshal(rawVal interface{}) : error`
- * `UnmarshalKey(key string, rawVal interface{}) : error`
+ * `Unmarshal(rawVal any) : error`
+ * `UnmarshalKey(key string, rawVal any) : error`
 
 Example:
 
@@ -732,9 +752,9 @@ you have to change the delimiter:
 ```go
 v := viper.NewWithOptions(viper.KeyDelimiter("::"))
 
-v.SetDefault("chart::values", map[string]interface{}{
-	"ingress": map[string]interface{}{
-		"annotations": map[string]interface{}{
+v.SetDefault("chart::values", map[string]any{
+	"ingress": map[string]any{
+		"annotations": map[string]any{
 			"traefik.frontend.rule.type":                 "PathPrefix",
 			"traefik.ingress.kubernetes.io/ssl-redirect": "true",
 		},
@@ -743,7 +763,7 @@ v.SetDefault("chart::values", map[string]interface{}{
 
 type config struct {
 	Chart struct{
-		Values map[string]interface{}
+		Values map[string]any
 	}
 }
 
@@ -783,7 +803,7 @@ if err != nil {
 }
 ```
 
-Viper uses [github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure](https://github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure) under the hood for unmarshaling values which uses `mapstructure` tags by default.
+Viper uses [github.com/go-viper/mapstructure](https://github.com/go-viper/mapstructure) under the hood for unmarshaling values which uses `mapstructure` tags by default.
 
 ### Decoding custom formats
 
@@ -801,7 +821,7 @@ You can use your favorite format's marshaller with the config returned by `AllSe
 
 ```go
 import (
-	yaml "gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
+	yaml "go.yaml.in/yaml/v3"
 	// ...
 )
 
@@ -817,13 +837,15 @@ func yamlStringSettings() string {
 
 ## Viper or Vipers?
 
-Viper comes ready to use out of the box. There is no configuration or
-initialization needed to begin using Viper. Since most applications will want
-to use a single central repository for their configuration, the viper package
-provides this. It is similar to a singleton.
+Viper comes with a global instance (singleton) out of the box.
 
-In all of the examples above, they demonstrate using viper in its singleton
-style approach.
+Although it makes setting up configuration easy,
+using it is generally discouraged as it makes testing harder and can lead to unexpected behavior.
+
+The best practice is to initialize a Viper instance and pass that around when necessary.
+
+The global instance _MAY_ be deprecated in the future.
+See [#1855](https://github.com/spf13/viper/issues/1855) for more details.
 
 ### Working with multiple vipers
 
@@ -879,3 +901,31 @@ No, you will need to synchronize access to the viper yourself (for example by us
 ## Troubleshooting
 
 See [TROUBLESHOOTING.md](TROUBLESHOOTING.md).
+
+## Development
+
+**For an optimal developer experience, it is recommended to install [Nix](https://nixos.org/download.html) and [direnv](https://direnv.net/docs/installation.html).**
+
+_Alternatively, install [Go](https://go.dev/dl/) on your computer then run `make deps` to install the rest of the dependencies._
+
+Run the test suite:
+
+```shell
+make test
+```
+
+Run linters:
+
+```shell
+make lint # pass -j option to run them in parallel
+```
+
+Some linter violations can automatically be fixed:
+
+```shell
+make fmt
+```
+
+## License
+
+The project is licensed under the [MIT License](LICENSE).

TROUBLESHOOTING.md

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ cannot find package "github.com/hashicorp/hcl/tree/hcl1" in any of:
 ```
 
 As the error message suggests, Go tries to look up dependencies in `GOPATH` mode (as it's commonly called) from the `GOPATH`.
-Viper opted to use [Go Modules](https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/Modules) to manage its dependencies. While in many cases the two methods are interchangeable, once a dependency releases new (major) versions, `GOPATH` mode is no longer able to decide which version to use, so it'll either use one that's already present or pick a version (usually the `master` branch).
+Viper opted to use [Go Modules](https://go.dev/wiki/Modules) to manage its dependencies. While in many cases the two methods are interchangeable, once a dependency releases new (major) versions, `GOPATH` mode is no longer able to decide which version to use, so it'll either use one that's already present or pick a version (usually the `master` branch).
 
 The solution is easy: switch to using Go Modules.
-Please refer to the [wiki](https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/Modules) on how to do that.
+Please refer to the [wiki](https://go.dev/wiki/Modules) on how to do that.
 
 **tl;dr* `export GO111MODULE=on`
 

UPGRADE.md

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+# Update Log
+
+**This document details any major updates required to use new features or improvements in Viper.**
+
+## v1.20.x
+
+### New file searching API
+
+Viper now includes a new file searching API that allows users to customize how Viper looks for config files.
+
+Viper accepts a custom [`Finder`](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/viper#Finder) interface implementation:
+
+```go
+// Finder looks for files and directories in an [afero.Fs] filesystem.
+type Finder interface {
+	Find(fsys afero.Fs) ([]string, error)
+}
+```
+
+It is supposed to return a list of paths to config files.
+
+The default implementation uses [github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero](https://github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero) under the hood.
+
+You can supply your own implementation using `WithFinder`:
+
+```go
+v := viper.NewWithOptions(
+    viper.WithFinder(&MyFinder{}),
+)
+```
+
+For more information, check out the [Finder examples](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/viper#Finder)
+and the [documentation](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero) for the locafero package.
+
+### New encoding API
+
+Viper now allows customizing the encoding layer by providing an API for encoding and decoding configuration data:
+
+```go
+// Encoder encodes Viper's internal data structures into a byte representation.
+// It's primarily used for encoding a map[string]any into a file format.
+type Encoder interface {
+	Encode(v map[string]any) ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+// Decoder decodes the contents of a byte slice into Viper's internal data structures.
+// It's primarily used for decoding contents of a file into a map[string]any.
+type Decoder interface {
+	Decode(b []byte, v map[string]any) error
+}
+
+// Codec combines [Encoder] and [Decoder] interfaces.
+type Codec interface {
+	Encoder
+	Decoder
+}
+```
+
+By default, Viper includes the following codecs:
+
+- JSON
+- TOML
+- YAML
+- Dotenv
+
+The rest of the codecs are moved to [github.com/go-viper/encoding](https://github.com/go-viper/encoding)
+
+Customizing the encoding layer is possible by providing a custom registry of codecs:
+
+- [Encoder](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/viper#Encoder) -> [EncoderRegistry](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/viper#EncoderRegistry)
+- [Decoder](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/viper#Decoder) -> [DecoderRegistry](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/viper#DecoderRegistry)
+- [Codec](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/viper#Codec) -> [CodecRegistry](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/spf13/viper#CodecRegistry)
+
+You can supply the registry of codecs to Viper using the appropriate `With*Registry` function:
+
+```go
+codecRegistry := viper.NewCodecRegistry()
+
+codecRegistry.RegisterCodec("myformat", &MyCodec{})
+
+v := viper.NewWithOptions(
+    viper.WithCodecRegistry(codecRegistry),
+)
+```
+
+### BREAKING: "github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure" depedency replaced
+
+The original [mapstructure](https://github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure) has been [archived](https://github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure/issues/349) and was replaced with a [fork](https://github.com/go-viper/mapstructure) maintained by Viper ([#1723](https://github.com/spf13/viper/pull/1723)).
+
+As a result, the package import path needs to be changed in cases where `mapstructure` is directly referenced in your code.
+
+For example, when providing a custom decoder config:
+
+```go
+err := viper.Unmarshal(&appConfig, func(config *mapstructure.DecoderConfig) {
+	config.TagName = "yaml"
+})
+```
+
+The change is fairly straightforward, just replace all occurrences of the import path `github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure` with `github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2`:
+
+```diff
+- import "github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure"
++ import "github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2"
+```
+
+### BREAKING: HCL, Java properties, INI removed from core
+
+In order to reduce third-party dependencies, Viper dropped support for the following formats from the core:
+
+- HCL
+- Java properties
+- INI
+
+You can still use these formats though by importing them from [github.com/go-viper/encoding](https://github.com/go-viper/encoding):
+
+```go
+import (
+    "github.com/go-viper/encoding/hcl"
+    "github.com/go-viper/encoding/javaproperties"
+    "github.com/go-viper/encoding/ini"
+)
+
+codecRegistry := viper.NewCodecRegistry()
+
+{
+    codec := hcl.Codec{}
+
+    codecRegistry.RegisterCodec("hcl", codec)
+    codecRegistry.RegisterCodec("tfvars", codec)
+
+}
+
+{
+    codec := &javaproperties.Codec{}
+
+    codecRegistry.RegisterCodec("properties", codec)
+    codecRegistry.RegisterCodec("props", codec)
+    codecRegistry.RegisterCodec("prop", codec)
+}
+
+codecRegistry.RegisterCodec("ini", ini.Codec{})
+
+v := viper.NewWithOptions(
+    viper.WithCodecRegistry(codecRegistry),
+)
+```

encoding.go

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+package viper
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/viper/internal/encoding/dotenv"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper/internal/encoding/json"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper/internal/encoding/toml"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper/internal/encoding/yaml"
+)
+
+// Encoder encodes Viper's internal data structures into a byte representation.
+// It's primarily used for encoding a map[string]any into a file format.
+type Encoder interface {
+	Encode(v map[string]any) ([]byte, error)
+}
+
+// Decoder decodes the contents of a byte slice into Viper's internal data structures.
+// It's primarily used for decoding contents of a file into a map[string]any.
+type Decoder interface {
+	Decode(b []byte, v map[string]any) error
+}
+
+// Codec combines [Encoder] and [Decoder] interfaces.
+type Codec interface {
+	Encoder
+	Decoder
+}
+
+// TODO: consider adding specific errors for not found scenarios
+
+// EncoderRegistry returns an [Encoder] for a given format.
+//
+// Format is case-insensitive.
+//
+// [EncoderRegistry] returns an error if no [Encoder] is registered for the format.
+type EncoderRegistry interface {
+	Encoder(format string) (Encoder, error)
+}
+
+// DecoderRegistry returns an [Decoder] for a given format.
+//
+// Format is case-insensitive.
+//
+// [DecoderRegistry] returns an error if no [Decoder] is registered for the format.
+type DecoderRegistry interface {
+	Decoder(format string) (Decoder, error)
+}
+
+// [CodecRegistry] combines [EncoderRegistry] and [DecoderRegistry] interfaces.
+type CodecRegistry interface {
+	EncoderRegistry
+	DecoderRegistry
+}
+
+// WithEncoderRegistry sets a custom [EncoderRegistry].
+func WithEncoderRegistry(r EncoderRegistry) Option {
+	return optionFunc(func(v *Viper) {
+		if r == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		v.encoderRegistry = r
+	})
+}
+
+// WithDecoderRegistry sets a custom [DecoderRegistry].
+func WithDecoderRegistry(r DecoderRegistry) Option {
+	return optionFunc(func(v *Viper) {
+		if r == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		v.decoderRegistry = r
+	})
+}
+
+// WithCodecRegistry sets a custom [EncoderRegistry] and [DecoderRegistry].
+func WithCodecRegistry(r CodecRegistry) Option {
+	return optionFunc(func(v *Viper) {
+		if r == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		v.encoderRegistry = r
+		v.decoderRegistry = r
+	})
+}
+
+// DefaultCodecRegistry is a simple implementation of [CodecRegistry] that allows registering custom [Codec]s.
+type DefaultCodecRegistry struct {
+	codecs map[string]Codec
+
+	mu   sync.RWMutex
+	once sync.Once
+}
+
+// NewCodecRegistry returns a new [CodecRegistry], ready to accept custom [Codec]s.
+func NewCodecRegistry() *DefaultCodecRegistry {
+	r := &DefaultCodecRegistry{}
+
+	r.init()
+
+	return r
+}
+
+func (r *DefaultCodecRegistry) init() {
+	r.once.Do(func() {
+		r.codecs = map[string]Codec{}
+	})
+}
+
+// RegisterCodec registers a custom [Codec].
+//
+// Format is case-insensitive.
+func (r *DefaultCodecRegistry) RegisterCodec(format string, codec Codec) error {
+	r.init()
+
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	r.codecs[strings.ToLower(format)] = codec
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Encoder implements the [EncoderRegistry] interface.
+//
+// Format is case-insensitive.
+func (r *DefaultCodecRegistry) Encoder(format string) (Encoder, error) {
+	encoder, ok := r.codec(format)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.New("encoder not found for this format")
+	}
+
+	return encoder, nil
+}
+
+// Decoder implements the [DecoderRegistry] interface.
+//
+// Format is case-insensitive.
+func (r *DefaultCodecRegistry) Decoder(format string) (Decoder, error) {
+	decoder, ok := r.codec(format)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, errors.New("decoder not found for this format")
+	}
+
+	return decoder, nil
+}
+
+func (r *DefaultCodecRegistry) codec(format string) (Codec, bool) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	format = strings.ToLower(format)
+
+	if r.codecs != nil {
+		codec, ok := r.codecs[format]
+		if ok {
+			return codec, true
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch format {
+	case "yaml", "yml":
+		return yaml.Codec{}, true
+
+	case "json":
+		return json.Codec{}, true
+
+	case "toml":
+		return toml.Codec{}, true
+
+	case "dotenv", "env":
+		return &dotenv.Codec{}, true
+	}
+
+	return nil, false
+}

encoding_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+package viper
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+type codec struct{}
+
+func (codec) Encode(_ map[string]any) ([]byte, error) {
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func (codec) Decode(_ []byte, _ map[string]any) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func TestDefaultCodecRegistry(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
+		registry := NewCodecRegistry()
+
+		c := codec{}
+
+		err := registry.RegisterCodec("myformat", c)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		encoder, err := registry.Encoder("myformat")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, c, encoder)
+
+		decoder, err := registry.Decoder("myformat")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, c, decoder)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("CodecNotFound", func(t *testing.T) {
+		registry := NewCodecRegistry()
+
+		_, err := registry.Encoder("myformat")
+		require.Error(t, err)
+
+		_, err = registry.Decoder("myformat")
+		require.Error(t, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("FormatIsCaseInsensitive", func(t *testing.T) {
+		registry := NewCodecRegistry()
+
+		c := codec{}
+
+		err := registry.RegisterCodec("MYFORMAT", c)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		{
+			encoder, err := registry.Encoder("myformat")
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, c, encoder)
+		}
+
+		{
+			encoder, err := registry.Encoder("MYFORMAT")
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, c, encoder)
+		}
+
+		{
+			decoder, err := registry.Decoder("myformat")
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, c, decoder)
+		}
+
+		{
+			decoder, err := registry.Decoder("MYFORMAT")
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			assert.Equal(t, c, decoder)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("OverrideDefault", func(t *testing.T) {
+		registry := NewCodecRegistry()
+
+		c := codec{}
+
+		err := registry.RegisterCodec("yaml", c)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		encoder, err := registry.Encoder("yaml")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, c, encoder)
+
+		decoder, err := registry.Decoder("yaml")
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, c, decoder)
+	})
+}

experimental.go

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package viper
+
+// ExperimentalBindStruct tells Viper to use the new bind struct feature.
+func ExperimentalBindStruct() Option {
+	return optionFunc(func(v *Viper) {
+		v.experimentalBindStruct = true
+	})
+}

experimental_logger.go

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-//go:build viper_logger
-// +build viper_logger
-
-package viper
-
-// WithLogger sets a custom logger.
-func WithLogger(l Logger) Option {
-	return optionFunc(func(v *Viper) {
-		v.logger = l
-	})
-}

file.go

@@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
-//go:build !go1.16 || !finder
-// +build !go1.16 !finder
-
 package viper
 
 import (
@@ -8,12 +5,62 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 
+	"github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero"
 	"github.com/spf13/afero"
 )
 
+// ExperimentalFinder tells Viper to use the new Finder interface for finding configuration files.
+func ExperimentalFinder() Option {
+	return optionFunc(func(v *Viper) {
+		v.experimentalFinder = true
+	})
+}
+
+// Search for a config file.
+func (v *Viper) findConfigFile() (string, error) {
+	finder := v.finder
+
+	if finder == nil && v.experimentalFinder {
+		var names []string
+
+		if v.configType != "" {
+			names = locafero.NameWithOptionalExtensions(v.configName, SupportedExts...)
+		} else {
+			names = locafero.NameWithExtensions(v.configName, SupportedExts...)
+		}
+
+		finder = locafero.Finder{
+			Paths: v.configPaths,
+			Names: names,
+			Type:  locafero.FileTypeFile,
+		}
+	}
+
+	if finder != nil {
+		return v.findConfigFileWithFinder(finder)
+	}
+
+	return v.findConfigFileOld()
+}
+
+func (v *Viper) findConfigFileWithFinder(finder Finder) (string, error) {
+	results, err := finder.Find(v.fs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	if len(results) == 0 {
+		return "", ConfigFileNotFoundError{v.configName, fmt.Sprintf("%s", v.configPaths)}
+	}
+
+	// We call clean on the final result to ensure that the path is in its canonical form.
+	// This is mostly for consistent path handling and to make sure tests pass.
+	return results[0], nil
+}
+
 // Search all configPaths for any config file.
 // Returns the first path that exists (and is a config file).
-func (v *Viper) findConfigFile() (string, error) {
+func (v *Viper) findConfigFileOld() (string, error) {
 	v.logger.Info("searching for config in paths", "paths", v.configPaths)
 
 	for _, cp := range v.configPaths {
@@ -44,7 +91,7 @@ func (v *Viper) searchInPath(in string) (filename string) {
 	return ""
 }
 
-// Check if file Exists
+// exists checks if file exists.
 func exists(fs afero.Fs, path string) (bool, error) {
 	stat, err := fs.Stat(path)
 	if err == nil {

finder.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package viper
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/afero"
+)
+
+// WithFinder sets a custom [Finder].
+func WithFinder(f Finder) Option {
+	return optionFunc(func(v *Viper) {
+		if f == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		v.finder = f
+	})
+}
+
+// Finder looks for files and directories in an [afero.Fs] filesystem.
+type Finder interface {
+	Find(fsys afero.Fs) ([]string, error)
+}
+
+// Finders combines multiple finders into one.
+func Finders(finders ...Finder) Finder {
+	return &combinedFinder{finders: finders}
+}
+
+// combinedFinder is a Finder that combines multiple finders.
+type combinedFinder struct {
+	finders []Finder
+}
+
+// Find implements the [Finder] interface.
+func (c *combinedFinder) Find(fsys afero.Fs) ([]string, error) {
+	var results []string
+	var errs []error
+
+	for _, finder := range c.finders {
+		if finder == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		r, err := finder.Find(fsys)
+		if err != nil {
+			errs = append(errs, err)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		results = append(results, r...)
+	}
+
+	return results, errors.Join(errs...)
+}

finder_example_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package viper_test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero"
+	"github.com/spf13/afero"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+)
+
+func ExampleFinder() {
+	fs := afero.NewMemMapFs()
+
+	fs.Mkdir("/home/user", 0o777)
+
+	f, _ := fs.Create("/home/user/myapp.yaml")
+	f.WriteString("foo: bar")
+	f.Close()
+
+	// HCL will have a "lower" priority in the search order
+	fs.Create("/home/user/myapp.hcl")
+
+	finder := locafero.Finder{
+		Paths: []string{"/home/user"},
+		Names: locafero.NameWithExtensions("myapp", viper.SupportedExts...),
+		Type:  locafero.FileTypeFile, // This is important!
+	}
+
+	v := viper.NewWithOptions(viper.WithFinder(finder))
+	v.SetFs(fs)
+	v.ReadInConfig()
+
+	fmt.Println(v.GetString("foo"))
+
+	// Output:
+	// bar
+}
+
+func ExampleFinders() {
+	fs := afero.NewMemMapFs()
+
+	fs.Mkdir("/home/user", 0o777)
+	f, _ := fs.Create("/home/user/myapp.yaml")
+	f.WriteString("foo: bar")
+	f.Close()
+
+	fs.Mkdir("/etc/myapp", 0o777)
+	fs.Create("/etc/myapp/config.yaml")
+
+	// Combine multiple finders to search for files in multiple locations with different criteria
+	finder := viper.Finders(
+		locafero.Finder{
+			Paths: []string{"/home/user"},
+			Names: locafero.NameWithExtensions("myapp", viper.SupportedExts...),
+			Type:  locafero.FileTypeFile, // This is important!
+		},
+		locafero.Finder{
+			Paths: []string{"/etc/myapp"},
+			Names: []string{"config.yaml"}, // Only accept YAML files in the system config directory
+			Type:  locafero.FileTypeFile,   // This is important!
+		},
+	)
+
+	v := viper.NewWithOptions(viper.WithFinder(finder))
+	v.SetFs(fs)
+	v.ReadInConfig()
+
+	fmt.Println(v.GetString("foo"))
+
+	// Output:
+	// bar
+}

finder_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package viper
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/afero"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+type finderStub struct {
+	results []string
+}
+
+func (f finderStub) Find(_ afero.Fs) ([]string, error) {
+	return f.results, nil
+}
+
+func TestFinders(t *testing.T) {
+	finder := Finders(
+		finderStub{
+			results: []string{
+				"/home/user/.viper.yaml",
+			},
+		},
+		finderStub{
+			results: []string{
+				"/etc/viper/config.yaml",
+			},
+		},
+	)
+
+	results, err := finder.Find(afero.NewMemMapFs())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	expected := []string{
+		"/home/user/.viper.yaml",
+		"/etc/viper/config.yaml",
+	}
+
+	assert.Equal(t, expected, results)
+}

flags.go

@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ func (p pflagValueSet) VisitAll(fn func(flag FlagValue)) {
 	})
 }
 
-// pflagValue is a wrapper aroung *pflag.flag
-// that implements FlagValue
+// pflagValue is a wrapper around *pflag.flag
+// that implements FlagValue.
 type pflagValue struct {
 	flag *pflag.Flag
 }

flags_test.go

@@ -5,9 +5,11 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
 func TestBindFlagValueSet(t *testing.T) {
+	Reset()
 	flagSet := pflag.NewFlagSet("test", pflag.ContinueOnError)
 
 	testValues := map[string]*string{
@@ -29,9 +31,7 @@ func TestBindFlagValueSet(t *testing.T) {
 	flagValueSet := pflagValueSet{flagSet}
 
 	err := BindFlagValues(flagValueSet)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("error binding flag set, %v", err)
-	}
+	require.NoError(t, err, "error binding flag set")
 
 	flagSet.VisitAll(func(flag *pflag.Flag) {
 		flag.Value.Set(mutatedTestValues[flag.Name])
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func TestBindFlagValueSet(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	for name, expected := range mutatedTestValues {
-		assert.Equal(t, Get(name), expected)
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, Get(name))
 	}
 }
 

flake.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+{
+  "nodes": {
+    "cachix": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "devenv": [
+          "devenv"
+        ],
+        "flake-compat": [
+          "devenv"
+        ],
+        "git-hooks": [
+          "devenv",
+          "git-hooks"
+        ],
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "devenv",
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ]
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1748883665,
+        "narHash": "sha256-R0W7uAg+BLoHjMRMQ8+oiSbTq8nkGz5RDpQ+ZfxxP3A=",
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "cachix",
+        "rev": "f707778d902af4d62d8dd92c269f8e70de09acbe",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "ref": "latest",
+        "repo": "cachix",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "devenv": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "cachix": "cachix",
+        "flake-compat": "flake-compat",
+        "git-hooks": "git-hooks",
+        "nix": "nix",
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1755257397,
+        "narHash": "sha256-VU+OHexL2y6y7yrpEc6bZvYYwoQg6aZK1b4YxT0yZCk=",
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "devenv",
+        "rev": "6f9c3d4722aa253631644329f7bda60b1d3d1b97",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "devenv",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "flake-compat": {
+      "flake": false,
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1747046372,
+        "narHash": "sha256-CIVLLkVgvHYbgI2UpXvIIBJ12HWgX+fjA8Xf8PUmqCY=",
+        "owner": "edolstra",
+        "repo": "flake-compat",
+        "rev": "9100a0f413b0c601e0533d1d94ffd501ce2e7885",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "edolstra",
+        "repo": "flake-compat",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "flake-parts": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "nixpkgs-lib": [
+          "devenv",
+          "nix",
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ]
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1733312601,
+        "narHash": "sha256-4pDvzqnegAfRkPwO3wmwBhVi/Sye1mzps0zHWYnP88c=",
+        "owner": "hercules-ci",
+        "repo": "flake-parts",
+        "rev": "205b12d8b7cd4802fbcb8e8ef6a0f1408781a4f9",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "hercules-ci",
+        "repo": "flake-parts",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "flake-parts_2": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "nixpkgs-lib": "nixpkgs-lib"
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1754487366,
+        "narHash": "sha256-pHYj8gUBapuUzKV/kN/tR3Zvqc7o6gdFB9XKXIp1SQ8=",
+        "owner": "hercules-ci",
+        "repo": "flake-parts",
+        "rev": "af66ad14b28a127c5c0f3bbb298218fc63528a18",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "hercules-ci",
+        "repo": "flake-parts",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "git-hooks": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "flake-compat": [
+          "devenv",
+          "flake-compat"
+        ],
+        "gitignore": "gitignore",
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "devenv",
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ]
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1750779888,
+        "narHash": "sha256-wibppH3g/E2lxU43ZQHC5yA/7kIKLGxVEnsnVK1BtRg=",
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "git-hooks.nix",
+        "rev": "16ec914f6fb6f599ce988427d9d94efddf25fe6d",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "git-hooks.nix",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "gitignore": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "devenv",
+          "git-hooks",
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ]
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1709087332,
+        "narHash": "sha256-HG2cCnktfHsKV0s4XW83gU3F57gaTljL9KNSuG6bnQs=",
+        "owner": "hercules-ci",
+        "repo": "gitignore.nix",
+        "rev": "637db329424fd7e46cf4185293b9cc8c88c95394",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "hercules-ci",
+        "repo": "gitignore.nix",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nix": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "flake-compat": [
+          "devenv",
+          "flake-compat"
+        ],
+        "flake-parts": "flake-parts",
+        "git-hooks-nix": [
+          "devenv",
+          "git-hooks"
+        ],
+        "nixpkgs": [
+          "devenv",
+          "nixpkgs"
+        ],
+        "nixpkgs-23-11": [
+          "devenv"
+        ],
+        "nixpkgs-regression": [
+          "devenv"
+        ]
+      },
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1755029779,
+        "narHash": "sha256-3+GHIYGg4U9XKUN4rg473frIVNn8YD06bjwxKS1IPrU=",
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "nix",
+        "rev": "b0972b0eee6726081d10b1199f54de6d2917f861",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "ref": "devenv-2.30",
+        "repo": "nix",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1750441195,
+        "narHash": "sha256-yke+pm+MdgRb6c0dPt8MgDhv7fcBbdjmv1ZceNTyzKg=",
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "repo": "devenv-nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "0ceffe312871b443929ff3006960d29b120dc627",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "cachix",
+        "ref": "rolling",
+        "repo": "devenv-nixpkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs-lib": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1753579242,
+        "narHash": "sha256-zvaMGVn14/Zz8hnp4VWT9xVnhc8vuL3TStRqwk22biA=",
+        "owner": "nix-community",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs.lib",
+        "rev": "0f36c44e01a6129be94e3ade315a5883f0228a6e",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "nix-community",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs.lib",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs_2": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1755268003,
+        "narHash": "sha256-nNaeJjo861wFR0tjHDyCnHs1rbRtrMgxAKMoig9Sj/w=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "32f313e49e42f715491e1ea7b306a87c16fe0388",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "ref": "nixpkgs-unstable",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "root": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "devenv": "devenv",
+        "flake-parts": "flake-parts_2",
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs_2"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "root": "root",
+  "version": 7
+}

flake.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+{
+  description = "Viper";
+
+  inputs = {
+    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-unstable";
+    flake-parts.url = "github:hercules-ci/flake-parts";
+    devenv.url = "github:cachix/devenv";
+  };
+
+  outputs =
+    inputs@{ flake-parts, ... }:
+    flake-parts.lib.mkFlake { inherit inputs; } {
+      imports = [
+        inputs.devenv.flakeModule
+      ];
+
+      systems = [
+        "x86_64-linux"
+        "x86_64-darwin"
+        "aarch64-darwin"
+      ];
+
+      perSystem =
+        { pkgs, ... }:
+        {
+          devenv.shells = {
+            default = {
+              languages = {
+                go.enable = true;
+              };
+
+              git-hooks.hooks = {
+                nixpkgs-fmt.enable = true;
+                yamllint.enable = true;
+              };
+
+              packages = with pkgs; [
+                gnumake
+
+                golangci-lint
+                yamllint
+              ];
+
+              scripts = {
+                versions.exec = ''
+                  go version
+                  golangci-lint version
+                '';
+              };
+
+              enterShell = ''
+                versions
+              '';
+
+              # https://github.com/cachix/devenv/issues/528#issuecomment-1556108767
+              containers = pkgs.lib.mkForce { };
+            };
+          };
+        };
+    };
+}

fs.go

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-//go:build go1.16 && finder
-// +build go1.16,finder
-
-package viper
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"io/fs"
-	"path"
-)
-
-type finder struct {
-	paths      []string
-	fileNames  []string
-	extensions []string
-
-	withoutExtension bool
-}
-
-func (f finder) Find(fsys fs.FS) (string, error) {
-	for _, searchPath := range f.paths {
-		for _, fileName := range f.fileNames {
-			for _, extension := range f.extensions {
-				filePath := path.Join(searchPath, fileName+"."+extension)
-
-				ok, err := fileExists(fsys, filePath)
-				if err != nil {
-					return "", err
-				}
-
-				if ok {
-					return filePath, nil
-				}
-			}
-
-			if f.withoutExtension {
-				filePath := path.Join(searchPath, fileName)
-
-				ok, err := fileExists(fsys, filePath)
-				if err != nil {
-					return "", err
-				}
-
-				if ok {
-					return filePath, nil
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return "", nil
-}
-
-func fileExists(fsys fs.FS, filePath string) (bool, error) {
-	fileInfo, err := fs.Stat(fsys, filePath)
-	if err == nil {
-		return !fileInfo.IsDir(), nil
-	}
-
-	if errors.Is(err, fs.ErrNotExist) {
-		return false, nil
-	}
-
-	return false, err
-}

fs_test.go

@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-//go:build go1.16 && finder
-// +build go1.16,finder
-
-package viper
-
-import (
-	"io/fs"
-	"testing"
-	"testing/fstest"
-
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-)
-
-func TestFinder(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	fsys := fstest.MapFS{
-		"home/user/.config":            &fstest.MapFile{},
-		"home/user/config.json":        &fstest.MapFile{},
-		"home/user/config.yaml":        &fstest.MapFile{},
-		"home/user/data.json":          &fstest.MapFile{},
-		"etc/config/.config":           &fstest.MapFile{},
-		"etc/config/a_random_file.txt": &fstest.MapFile{},
-		"etc/config/config.json":       &fstest.MapFile{},
-		"etc/config/config.yaml":       &fstest.MapFile{},
-		"etc/config/config.xml":        &fstest.MapFile{},
-	}
-
-	testCases := []struct {
-		name   string
-		fsys   func() fs.FS
-		finder finder
-		result string
-	}{
-		{
-			name: "find file",
-			fsys: func() fs.FS { return fsys },
-			finder: finder{
-				paths:      []string{"etc/config"},
-				fileNames:  []string{"config"},
-				extensions: []string{"json"},
-			},
-			result: "etc/config/config.json",
-		},
-		{
-			name: "file not found",
-			fsys: func() fs.FS { return fsys },
-			finder: finder{
-				paths:      []string{"var/config"},
-				fileNames:  []string{"config"},
-				extensions: []string{"json"},
-			},
-			result: "",
-		},
-		{
-			name:   "empty search params",
-			fsys:   func() fs.FS { return fsys },
-			finder: finder{},
-			result: "",
-		},
-		{
-			name: "precedence",
-			fsys: func() fs.FS { return fsys },
-			finder: finder{
-				paths:      []string{"var/config", "home/user", "etc/config"},
-				fileNames:  []string{"aconfig", "config"},
-				extensions: []string{"zml", "xml", "json"},
-			},
-			result: "home/user/config.json",
-		},
-		{
-			name: "without extension",
-			fsys: func() fs.FS { return fsys },
-			finder: finder{
-				paths:      []string{"var/config", "home/user", "etc/config"},
-				fileNames:  []string{".config"},
-				extensions: []string{"zml", "xml", "json"},
-
-				withoutExtension: true,
-			},
-			result: "home/user/.config",
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, testCase := range testCases {
-		testCase := testCase
-
-		t.Run(testCase.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			fsys := testCase.fsys()
-
-			result, err := testCase.finder.Find(fsys)
-			require.NoError(t, err)
-
-			assert.Equal(t, testCase.result, result)
-		})
-	}
-}

go.mod

@@ -1,75 +1,26 @@
 module github.com/spf13/viper
 
-go 1.17
+go 1.23.0
 
 require (
-	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.6.0
-	github.com/hashicorp/hcl v1.0.0
-	github.com/magiconair/properties v1.8.7
-	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0
-	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.0.6
-	github.com/sagikazarmark/crypt v0.9.0
-	github.com/spf13/afero v1.9.3
-	github.com/spf13/cast v1.5.0
-	github.com/spf13/jwalterweatherman v1.1.0
-	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.1
-	github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.4.2
-	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0
-	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
+	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0
+	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.4
+	github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero v0.11.0
+	github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0
+	github.com/spf13/cast v1.10.0
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
+	github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0
+	go.yaml.in/yaml/v3 v3.0.4
 )
 
 require (
-	cloud.google.com/go v0.105.0 // indirect
-	cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.14.0 // indirect
-	cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.2.3 // indirect
-	cloud.google.com/go/firestore v1.9.0 // indirect
-	cloud.google.com/go/longrunning v0.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/armon/go-metrics v0.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/fatih/color v1.13.0 // indirect
-	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
-	github.com/golang/groupcache v0.0.0-20210331224755-41bb18bfe9da // indirect
-	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.2 // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.9 // indirect
-	github.com/googleapis/enterprise-certificate-proxy v0.2.1 // indirect
-	github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.7.0 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/consul/api v1.18.0 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog v1.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix v1.3.1 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-rootcerts v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v0.5.4 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/serf v0.10.1 // indirect
-	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14 // indirect
-	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
-	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
-	go.etcd.io/etcd/api/v3 v3.5.6 // indirect
-	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/pkg/v3 v3.5.6 // indirect
-	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v2 v2.305.6 // indirect
-	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3 v3.5.6 // indirect
-	go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 // indirect
-	go.uber.org/atomic v1.9.0 // indirect
-	go.uber.org/multierr v1.8.0 // indirect
-	go.uber.org/zap v1.21.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220525230936-793ad666bf5e // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.4.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20221014153046-6fdb5e3db783 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.3.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.5.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/time v0.1.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20220907171357-04be3eba64a2 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/api v0.107.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20221227171554-f9683d7f8bef // indirect
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.52.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.28.1 // indirect
+	github.com/sourcegraph/conc v0.3.1-0.20240121214520-5f936abd7ae8 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.29.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.28.0 // indirect
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )

internal/encoding/decoder.go

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-package encoding
-
-import (
-	"sync"
-)
-
-// Decoder decodes the contents of b into v.
-// It's primarily used for decoding contents of a file into a map[string]interface{}.
-type Decoder interface {
-	Decode(b []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error
-}
-
-const (
-	// ErrDecoderNotFound is returned when there is no decoder registered for a format.
-	ErrDecoderNotFound = encodingError("decoder not found for this format")
-
-	// ErrDecoderFormatAlreadyRegistered is returned when an decoder is already registered for a format.
-	ErrDecoderFormatAlreadyRegistered = encodingError("decoder already registered for this format")
-)
-
-// DecoderRegistry can choose an appropriate Decoder based on the provided format.
-type DecoderRegistry struct {
-	decoders map[string]Decoder
-
-	mu sync.RWMutex
-}
-
-// NewDecoderRegistry returns a new, initialized DecoderRegistry.
-func NewDecoderRegistry() *DecoderRegistry {
-	return &DecoderRegistry{
-		decoders: make(map[string]Decoder),
-	}
-}
-
-// RegisterDecoder registers a Decoder for a format.
-// Registering a Decoder for an already existing format is not supported.
-func (e *DecoderRegistry) RegisterDecoder(format string, enc Decoder) error {
-	e.mu.Lock()
-	defer e.mu.Unlock()
-
-	if _, ok := e.decoders[format]; ok {
-		return ErrDecoderFormatAlreadyRegistered
-	}
-
-	e.decoders[format] = enc
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Decode calls the underlying Decoder based on the format.
-func (e *DecoderRegistry) Decode(format string, b []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error {
-	e.mu.RLock()
-	decoder, ok := e.decoders[format]
-	e.mu.RUnlock()
-
-	if !ok {
-		return ErrDecoderNotFound
-	}
-
-	return decoder.Decode(b, v)
-}

internal/encoding/decoder_test.go

@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
-package encoding
-
-import (
-	"reflect"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-type decoder struct {
-	v map[string]interface{}
-}
-
-func (d decoder) Decode(_ []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error {
-	for key, value := range d.v {
-		v[key] = value
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func TestDecoderRegistry_RegisterDecoder(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
-		registry := NewDecoderRegistry()
-
-		err := registry.RegisterDecoder("myformat", decoder{})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("AlreadyRegistered", func(t *testing.T) {
-		registry := NewDecoderRegistry()
-
-		err := registry.RegisterDecoder("myformat", decoder{})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		err = registry.RegisterDecoder("myformat", decoder{})
-		if err != ErrDecoderFormatAlreadyRegistered {
-			t.Fatalf("expected ErrDecoderFormatAlreadyRegistered, got: %v", err)
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func TestDecoderRegistry_Decode(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
-		registry := NewDecoderRegistry()
-		decoder := decoder{
-			v: map[string]interface{}{
-				"key": "value",
-			},
-		}
-
-		err := registry.RegisterDecoder("myformat", decoder)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-		err = registry.Decode("myformat", []byte("key: value"), v)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(decoder.v, v) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %+v\nexpected: %+v", v, decoder.v)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("DecoderNotFound", func(t *testing.T) {
-		registry := NewDecoderRegistry()
-
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-		err := registry.Decode("myformat", nil, v)
-		if err != ErrDecoderNotFound {
-			t.Fatalf("expected ErrDecoderNotFound, got: %v", err)
-		}
-	})
-}

internal/encoding/dotenv/codec.go

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ const keyDelimiter = "_"
 // (commonly called as dotenv format).
 type Codec struct{}
 
-func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
-	flattened := map[string]interface{}{}
+func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]any) ([]byte, error) {
+	flattened := map[string]any{}
 
 	flattened = flattenAndMergeMap(flattened, v, "", keyDelimiter)
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
 	return buf.Bytes(), nil
 }
 
-func (Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error {
+func (Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]any) error {
 	var buf bytes.Buffer
 
 	_, err := buf.Write(b)

internal/encoding/dotenv/codec_test.go

@@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
 package dotenv
 
 import (
-	"reflect"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-// original form of the data
+// original form of the data.
 const original = `# key-value pair
 KEY=value
 `
 
-// encoded form of the data
+// encoded form of the data.
 const encoded = `KEY=value
 `
 
-// Viper's internal representation
-var data = map[string]interface{}{
+// data is Viper's internal representation.
+var data = map[string]any{
 	"KEY": "value",
 }
 
@@ -23,40 +25,30 @@ func TestCodec_Encode(t *testing.T) {
 	codec := Codec{}
 
 	b, err := codec.Encode(data)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	if encoded != string(b) {
-		t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", string(b), encoded)
-	}
+	assert.Equal(t, encoded, string(b))
 }
 
 func TestCodec_Decode(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
 		codec := Codec{}
 
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
+		v := map[string]any{}
 
 		err := codec.Decode([]byte(original), v)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
+		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(data, v) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", v, data)
-		}
+		assert.Equal(t, data, v)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("InvalidData", func(t *testing.T) {
 		codec := Codec{}
 
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
+		v := map[string]any{}
 
 		err := codec.Decode([]byte(`invalid data`), v)
-		if err == nil {
-			t.Fatal("expected decoding to fail")
-		}
+		require.Error(t, err)
 
 		t.Logf("decoding failed as expected: %s", err)
 	})

internal/encoding/dotenv/map_utils.go

@@ -7,27 +7,27 @@ import (
 )
 
 // flattenAndMergeMap recursively flattens the given map into a new map
-// Code is based on the function with the same name in tha main package.
-// TODO: move it to a common place
-func flattenAndMergeMap(shadow map[string]interface{}, m map[string]interface{}, prefix string, delimiter string) map[string]interface{} {
+// Code is based on the function with the same name in the main package.
+// TODO: move it to a common place.
+func flattenAndMergeMap(shadow, m map[string]any, prefix, delimiter string) map[string]any {
 	if shadow != nil && prefix != "" && shadow[prefix] != nil {
 		// prefix is shadowed => nothing more to flatten
 		return shadow
 	}
 	if shadow == nil {
-		shadow = make(map[string]interface{})
+		shadow = make(map[string]any)
 	}
 
-	var m2 map[string]interface{}
+	var m2 map[string]any
 	if prefix != "" {
 		prefix += delimiter
 	}
 	for k, val := range m {
 		fullKey := prefix + k
-		switch val.(type) {
-		case map[string]interface{}:
-			m2 = val.(map[string]interface{})
-		case map[interface{}]interface{}:
+		switch val := val.(type) {
+		case map[string]any:
+			m2 = val
+		case map[any]any:
 			m2 = cast.ToStringMap(val)
 		default:
 			// immediate value

internal/encoding/encoder.go

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-package encoding
-
-import (
-	"sync"
-)
-
-// Encoder encodes the contents of v into a byte representation.
-// It's primarily used for encoding a map[string]interface{} into a file format.
-type Encoder interface {
-	Encode(v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error)
-}
-
-const (
-	// ErrEncoderNotFound is returned when there is no encoder registered for a format.
-	ErrEncoderNotFound = encodingError("encoder not found for this format")
-
-	// ErrEncoderFormatAlreadyRegistered is returned when an encoder is already registered for a format.
-	ErrEncoderFormatAlreadyRegistered = encodingError("encoder already registered for this format")
-)
-
-// EncoderRegistry can choose an appropriate Encoder based on the provided format.
-type EncoderRegistry struct {
-	encoders map[string]Encoder
-
-	mu sync.RWMutex
-}
-
-// NewEncoderRegistry returns a new, initialized EncoderRegistry.
-func NewEncoderRegistry() *EncoderRegistry {
-	return &EncoderRegistry{
-		encoders: make(map[string]Encoder),
-	}
-}
-
-// RegisterEncoder registers an Encoder for a format.
-// Registering a Encoder for an already existing format is not supported.
-func (e *EncoderRegistry) RegisterEncoder(format string, enc Encoder) error {
-	e.mu.Lock()
-	defer e.mu.Unlock()
-
-	if _, ok := e.encoders[format]; ok {
-		return ErrEncoderFormatAlreadyRegistered
-	}
-
-	e.encoders[format] = enc
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (e *EncoderRegistry) Encode(format string, v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
-	e.mu.RLock()
-	encoder, ok := e.encoders[format]
-	e.mu.RUnlock()
-
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, ErrEncoderNotFound
-	}
-
-	return encoder.Encode(v)
-}

internal/encoding/encoder_test.go

@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-package encoding
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-)
-
-type encoder struct {
-	b []byte
-}
-
-func (e encoder) Encode(_ map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
-	return e.b, nil
-}
-
-func TestEncoderRegistry_RegisterEncoder(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
-		registry := NewEncoderRegistry()
-
-		err := registry.RegisterEncoder("myformat", encoder{})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("AlreadyRegistered", func(t *testing.T) {
-		registry := NewEncoderRegistry()
-
-		err := registry.RegisterEncoder("myformat", encoder{})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		err = registry.RegisterEncoder("myformat", encoder{})
-		if err != ErrEncoderFormatAlreadyRegistered {
-			t.Fatalf("expected ErrEncoderFormatAlreadyRegistered, got: %v", err)
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func TestEncoderRegistry_Decode(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
-		registry := NewEncoderRegistry()
-		encoder := encoder{
-			b: []byte("key: value"),
-		}
-
-		err := registry.RegisterEncoder("myformat", encoder)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		b, err := registry.Encode("myformat", map[string]interface{}{"key": "value"})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if string(b) != "key: value" {
-			t.Fatalf("expected 'key: value', got: %#v", string(b))
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("EncoderNotFound", func(t *testing.T) {
-		registry := NewEncoderRegistry()
-
-		_, err := registry.Encode("myformat", map[string]interface{}{"key": "value"})
-		if err != ErrEncoderNotFound {
-			t.Fatalf("expected ErrEncoderNotFound, got: %v", err)
-		}
-	})
-}

internal/encoding/error.go

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-package encoding
-
-type encodingError string
-
-func (e encodingError) Error() string {
-	return string(e)
-}

internal/encoding/hcl/codec.go

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-package hcl
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
-
-	"github.com/hashicorp/hcl"
-	"github.com/hashicorp/hcl/hcl/printer"
-)
-
-// Codec implements the encoding.Encoder and encoding.Decoder interfaces for HCL encoding.
-// TODO: add printer config to the codec?
-type Codec struct{}
-
-func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
-	b, err := json.Marshal(v)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// TODO: use printer.Format? Is the trailing newline an issue?
-
-	ast, err := hcl.Parse(string(b))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-
-	err = printer.Fprint(&buf, ast.Node)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return buf.Bytes(), nil
-}
-
-func (Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error {
-	return hcl.Unmarshal(b, &v)
-}

internal/encoding/hcl/codec_test.go

@@ -1,140 +0,0 @@
-package hcl
-
-import (
-	"reflect"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-// original form of the data
-const original = `# key-value pair
-"key" = "value"
-
-// list
-"list" = ["item1", "item2", "item3"]
-
-/* map */
-"map" = {
-  "key" = "value"
-}
-
-/*
-nested map
-*/
-"nested_map" "map" {
-  "key" = "value"
-
-  "list" = ["item1", "item2", "item3"]
-}`
-
-// encoded form of the data
-const encoded = `"key" = "value"
-
-"list" = ["item1", "item2", "item3"]
-
-"map" = {
-  "key" = "value"
-}
-
-"nested_map" "map" {
-  "key" = "value"
-
-  "list" = ["item1", "item2", "item3"]
-}`
-
-// decoded form of the data
-//
-// in case of HCL it's slightly different from Viper's internal representation
-// (eg. map is decoded into a list of maps)
-var decoded = map[string]interface{}{
-	"key": "value",
-	"list": []interface{}{
-		"item1",
-		"item2",
-		"item3",
-	},
-	"map": []map[string]interface{}{
-		{
-			"key": "value",
-		},
-	},
-	"nested_map": []map[string]interface{}{
-		{
-			"map": []map[string]interface{}{
-				{
-					"key": "value",
-					"list": []interface{}{
-						"item1",
-						"item2",
-						"item3",
-					},
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	},
-}
-
-// Viper's internal representation
-var data = map[string]interface{}{
-	"key": "value",
-	"list": []interface{}{
-		"item1",
-		"item2",
-		"item3",
-	},
-	"map": map[string]interface{}{
-		"key": "value",
-	},
-	"nested_map": map[string]interface{}{
-		"map": map[string]interface{}{
-			"key": "value",
-			"list": []interface{}{
-				"item1",
-				"item2",
-				"item3",
-			},
-		},
-	},
-}
-
-func TestCodec_Encode(t *testing.T) {
-	codec := Codec{}
-
-	b, err := codec.Encode(data)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if encoded != string(b) {
-		t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", string(b), encoded)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestCodec_Decode(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
-		codec := Codec{}
-
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-		err := codec.Decode([]byte(original), v)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(decoded, v) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", v, decoded)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("InvalidData", func(t *testing.T) {
-		codec := Codec{}
-
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-		err := codec.Decode([]byte(`invalid data`), v)
-		if err == nil {
-			t.Fatal("expected decoding to fail")
-		}
-
-		t.Logf("decoding failed as expected: %s", err)
-	})
-}

internal/encoding/ini/codec.go

@@ -1,99 +0,0 @@
-package ini
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"sort"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/spf13/cast"
-	"gopkg.in/ini.v1"
-)
-
-// LoadOptions contains all customized options used for load data source(s).
-// This type is added here for convenience: this way consumers can import a single package called "ini".
-type LoadOptions = ini.LoadOptions
-
-// Codec implements the encoding.Encoder and encoding.Decoder interfaces for INI encoding.
-type Codec struct {
-	KeyDelimiter string
-	LoadOptions  LoadOptions
-}
-
-func (c Codec) Encode(v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
-	cfg := ini.Empty()
-	ini.PrettyFormat = false
-
-	flattened := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-	flattened = flattenAndMergeMap(flattened, v, "", c.keyDelimiter())
-
-	keys := make([]string, 0, len(flattened))
-
-	for key := range flattened {
-		keys = append(keys, key)
-	}
-
-	sort.Strings(keys)
-
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		sectionName, keyName := "", key
-
-		lastSep := strings.LastIndex(key, ".")
-		if lastSep != -1 {
-			sectionName = key[:(lastSep)]
-			keyName = key[(lastSep + 1):]
-		}
-
-		// TODO: is this a good idea?
-		if sectionName == "default" {
-			sectionName = ""
-		}
-
-		cfg.Section(sectionName).Key(keyName).SetValue(cast.ToString(flattened[key]))
-	}
-
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-
-	_, err := cfg.WriteTo(&buf)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return buf.Bytes(), nil
-}
-
-func (c Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error {
-	cfg := ini.Empty(c.LoadOptions)
-
-	err := cfg.Append(b)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	sections := cfg.Sections()
-
-	for i := 0; i < len(sections); i++ {
-		section := sections[i]
-		keys := section.Keys()
-
-		for j := 0; j < len(keys); j++ {
-			key := keys[j]
-			value := cfg.Section(section.Name()).Key(key.Name()).String()
-
-			deepestMap := deepSearch(v, strings.Split(section.Name(), c.keyDelimiter()))
-
-			// set innermost value
-			deepestMap[key.Name()] = value
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c Codec) keyDelimiter() string {
-	if c.KeyDelimiter == "" {
-		return "."
-	}
-
-	return c.KeyDelimiter
-}

internal/encoding/ini/codec_test.go

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-package ini
-
-import (
-	"reflect"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-// original form of the data
-const original = `; key-value pair
-key=value ; key-value pair
-
-# map
-[map] # map
-key=%(key)s
-
-`
-
-// encoded form of the data
-const encoded = `key=value
-
-[map]
-key=value
-`
-
-// decoded form of the data
-//
-// in case of INI it's slightly different from Viper's internal representation
-// (eg. top level keys land in a section called default)
-var decoded = map[string]interface{}{
-	"DEFAULT": map[string]interface{}{
-		"key": "value",
-	},
-	"map": map[string]interface{}{
-		"key": "value",
-	},
-}
-
-// Viper's internal representation
-var data = map[string]interface{}{
-	"key": "value",
-	"map": map[string]interface{}{
-		"key": "value",
-	},
-}
-
-func TestCodec_Encode(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
-		codec := Codec{}
-
-		b, err := codec.Encode(data)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if encoded != string(b) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", string(b), encoded)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("Default", func(t *testing.T) {
-		codec := Codec{}
-
-		data := map[string]interface{}{
-			"default": map[string]interface{}{
-				"key": "value",
-			},
-			"map": map[string]interface{}{
-				"key": "value",
-			},
-		}
-
-		b, err := codec.Encode(data)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if encoded != string(b) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", string(b), encoded)
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func TestCodec_Decode(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
-		codec := Codec{}
-
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-		err := codec.Decode([]byte(original), v)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(decoded, v) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", v, decoded)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("InvalidData", func(t *testing.T) {
-		codec := Codec{}
-
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-		err := codec.Decode([]byte(`invalid data`), v)
-		if err == nil {
-			t.Fatal("expected decoding to fail")
-		}
-
-		t.Logf("decoding failed as expected: %s", err)
-	})
-}

internal/encoding/ini/map_utils.go

@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-package ini
-
-import (
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/spf13/cast"
-)
-
-// THIS CODE IS COPIED HERE: IT SHOULD NOT BE MODIFIED
-// AT SOME POINT IT WILL BE MOVED TO A COMMON PLACE
-// deepSearch scans deep maps, following the key indexes listed in the
-// sequence "path".
-// The last value is expected to be another map, and is returned.
-//
-// In case intermediate keys do not exist, or map to a non-map value,
-// a new map is created and inserted, and the search continues from there:
-// the initial map "m" may be modified!
-func deepSearch(m map[string]interface{}, path []string) map[string]interface{} {
-	for _, k := range path {
-		m2, ok := m[k]
-		if !ok {
-			// intermediate key does not exist
-			// => create it and continue from there
-			m3 := make(map[string]interface{})
-			m[k] = m3
-			m = m3
-			continue
-		}
-		m3, ok := m2.(map[string]interface{})
-		if !ok {
-			// intermediate key is a value
-			// => replace with a new map
-			m3 = make(map[string]interface{})
-			m[k] = m3
-		}
-		// continue search from here
-		m = m3
-	}
-	return m
-}
-
-// flattenAndMergeMap recursively flattens the given map into a new map
-// Code is based on the function with the same name in tha main package.
-// TODO: move it to a common place
-func flattenAndMergeMap(shadow map[string]interface{}, m map[string]interface{}, prefix string, delimiter string) map[string]interface{} {
-	if shadow != nil && prefix != "" && shadow[prefix] != nil {
-		// prefix is shadowed => nothing more to flatten
-		return shadow
-	}
-	if shadow == nil {
-		shadow = make(map[string]interface{})
-	}
-
-	var m2 map[string]interface{}
-	if prefix != "" {
-		prefix += delimiter
-	}
-	for k, val := range m {
-		fullKey := prefix + k
-		switch val.(type) {
-		case map[string]interface{}:
-			m2 = val.(map[string]interface{})
-		case map[interface{}]interface{}:
-			m2 = cast.ToStringMap(val)
-		default:
-			// immediate value
-			shadow[strings.ToLower(fullKey)] = val
-			continue
-		}
-		// recursively merge to shadow map
-		shadow = flattenAndMergeMap(shadow, m2, fullKey, delimiter)
-	}
-	return shadow
-}

internal/encoding/javaproperties/codec.go

@@ -1,86 +0,0 @@
-package javaproperties
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"sort"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/magiconair/properties"
-	"github.com/spf13/cast"
-)
-
-// Codec implements the encoding.Encoder and encoding.Decoder interfaces for Java properties encoding.
-type Codec struct {
-	KeyDelimiter string
-
-	// Store read properties on the object so that we can write back in order with comments.
-	// This will only be used if the configuration read is a properties file.
-	// TODO: drop this feature in v2
-	// TODO: make use of the global properties object optional
-	Properties *properties.Properties
-}
-
-func (c *Codec) Encode(v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
-	if c.Properties == nil {
-		c.Properties = properties.NewProperties()
-	}
-
-	flattened := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-	flattened = flattenAndMergeMap(flattened, v, "", c.keyDelimiter())
-
-	keys := make([]string, 0, len(flattened))
-
-	for key := range flattened {
-		keys = append(keys, key)
-	}
-
-	sort.Strings(keys)
-
-	for _, key := range keys {
-		_, _, err := c.Properties.Set(key, cast.ToString(flattened[key]))
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-
-	_, err := c.Properties.WriteComment(&buf, "#", properties.UTF8)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return buf.Bytes(), nil
-}
-
-func (c *Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error {
-	var err error
-	c.Properties, err = properties.Load(b, properties.UTF8)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	for _, key := range c.Properties.Keys() {
-		// ignore existence check: we know it's there
-		value, _ := c.Properties.Get(key)
-
-		// recursively build nested maps
-		path := strings.Split(key, c.keyDelimiter())
-		lastKey := strings.ToLower(path[len(path)-1])
-		deepestMap := deepSearch(v, path[0:len(path)-1])
-
-		// set innermost value
-		deepestMap[lastKey] = value
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (c Codec) keyDelimiter() string {
-	if c.KeyDelimiter == "" {
-		return "."
-	}
-
-	return c.KeyDelimiter
-}

internal/encoding/javaproperties/codec_test.go

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-package javaproperties
-
-import (
-	"reflect"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-// original form of the data
-const original = `#key-value pair
-key = value
-map.key = value
-`
-
-// encoded form of the data
-const encoded = `key = value
-map.key = value
-`
-
-// Viper's internal representation
-var data = map[string]interface{}{
-	"key": "value",
-	"map": map[string]interface{}{
-		"key": "value",
-	},
-}
-
-func TestCodec_Encode(t *testing.T) {
-	codec := Codec{}
-
-	b, err := codec.Encode(data)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if encoded != string(b) {
-		t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", string(b), encoded)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestCodec_Decode(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
-		codec := Codec{}
-
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-		err := codec.Decode([]byte(original), v)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(data, v) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", v, data)
-		}
-	})
-
-	t.Run("InvalidData", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Skip("TODO: needs invalid data example")
-
-		codec := Codec{}
-
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-		codec.Decode([]byte(``), v)
-
-		if len(v) > 0 {
-			t.Fatalf("expected map to be empty when data is invalid\nactual: %#v", v)
-		}
-	})
-}
-
-func TestCodec_DecodeEncode(t *testing.T) {
-	codec := Codec{}
-
-	v := map[string]interface{}{}
-
-	err := codec.Decode([]byte(original), v)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	b, err := codec.Encode(data)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	if original != string(b) {
-		t.Fatalf("encoded value does not match the original\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", string(b), original)
-	}
-}

internal/encoding/javaproperties/map_utils.go

@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-package javaproperties
-
-import (
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/spf13/cast"
-)
-
-// THIS CODE IS COPIED HERE: IT SHOULD NOT BE MODIFIED
-// AT SOME POINT IT WILL BE MOVED TO A COMMON PLACE
-// deepSearch scans deep maps, following the key indexes listed in the
-// sequence "path".
-// The last value is expected to be another map, and is returned.
-//
-// In case intermediate keys do not exist, or map to a non-map value,
-// a new map is created and inserted, and the search continues from there:
-// the initial map "m" may be modified!
-func deepSearch(m map[string]interface{}, path []string) map[string]interface{} {
-	for _, k := range path {
-		m2, ok := m[k]
-		if !ok {
-			// intermediate key does not exist
-			// => create it and continue from there
-			m3 := make(map[string]interface{})
-			m[k] = m3
-			m = m3
-			continue
-		}
-		m3, ok := m2.(map[string]interface{})
-		if !ok {
-			// intermediate key is a value
-			// => replace with a new map
-			m3 = make(map[string]interface{})
-			m[k] = m3
-		}
-		// continue search from here
-		m = m3
-	}
-	return m
-}
-
-// flattenAndMergeMap recursively flattens the given map into a new map
-// Code is based on the function with the same name in tha main package.
-// TODO: move it to a common place
-func flattenAndMergeMap(shadow map[string]interface{}, m map[string]interface{}, prefix string, delimiter string) map[string]interface{} {
-	if shadow != nil && prefix != "" && shadow[prefix] != nil {
-		// prefix is shadowed => nothing more to flatten
-		return shadow
-	}
-	if shadow == nil {
-		shadow = make(map[string]interface{})
-	}
-
-	var m2 map[string]interface{}
-	if prefix != "" {
-		prefix += delimiter
-	}
-	for k, val := range m {
-		fullKey := prefix + k
-		switch val.(type) {
-		case map[string]interface{}:
-			m2 = val.(map[string]interface{})
-		case map[interface{}]interface{}:
-			m2 = cast.ToStringMap(val)
-		default:
-			// immediate value
-			shadow[strings.ToLower(fullKey)] = val
-			continue
-		}
-		// recursively merge to shadow map
-		shadow = flattenAndMergeMap(shadow, m2, fullKey, delimiter)
-	}
-	return shadow
-}

internal/encoding/json/codec.go

@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ import (
 // Codec implements the encoding.Encoder and encoding.Decoder interfaces for JSON encoding.
 type Codec struct{}
 
-func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]any) ([]byte, error) {
 	// TODO: expose prefix and indent in the Codec as setting?
 	return json.MarshalIndent(v, "", "  ")
 }
 
-func (Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error {
+func (Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]any) error {
 	return json.Unmarshal(b, &v)
 }

internal/encoding/json/codec_test.go

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 package json
 
 import (
-	"reflect"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-// encoded form of the data
+// encoded form of the data.
 const encoded = `{
   "key": "value",
   "list": [
@@ -28,21 +30,21 @@ const encoded = `{
   }
 }`
 
-// Viper's internal representation
-var data = map[string]interface{}{
+// data is Viper's internal representation.
+var data = map[string]any{
 	"key": "value",
-	"list": []interface{}{
+	"list": []any{
 		"item1",
 		"item2",
 		"item3",
 	},
-	"map": map[string]interface{}{
+	"map": map[string]any{
 		"key": "value",
 	},
-	"nested_map": map[string]interface{}{
-		"map": map[string]interface{}{
+	"nested_map": map[string]any{
+		"map": map[string]any{
 			"key": "value",
-			"list": []interface{}{
+			"list": []any{
 				"item1",
 				"item2",
 				"item3",
@@ -55,40 +57,30 @@ func TestCodec_Encode(t *testing.T) {
 	codec := Codec{}
 
 	b, err := codec.Encode(data)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	if encoded != string(b) {
-		t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", string(b), encoded)
-	}
+	assert.JSONEq(t, encoded, string(b))
 }
 
 func TestCodec_Decode(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
 		codec := Codec{}
 
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
+		v := map[string]any{}
 
 		err := codec.Decode([]byte(encoded), v)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
+		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(data, v) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", v, data)
-		}
+		assert.Equal(t, data, v)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("InvalidData", func(t *testing.T) {
 		codec := Codec{}
 
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
+		v := map[string]any{}
 
 		err := codec.Decode([]byte(`invalid data`), v)
-		if err == nil {
-			t.Fatal("expected decoding to fail")
-		}
+		require.Error(t, err)
 
 		t.Logf("decoding failed as expected: %s", err)
 	})

internal/encoding/toml/codec.go

@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ import (
 // Codec implements the encoding.Encoder and encoding.Decoder interfaces for TOML encoding.
 type Codec struct{}
 
-func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]any) ([]byte, error) {
 	return toml.Marshal(v)
 }
 
-func (Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error {
+func (Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]any) error {
 	return toml.Unmarshal(b, &v)
 }

internal/encoding/toml/codec_test.go

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 package toml
 
 import (
-	"reflect"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-// original form of the data
+// original form of the data.
 const original = `# key-value pair
 key = "value"
 list = ["item1", "item2", "item3"]
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ list = [
 ]
 `
 
-// encoded form of the data
+// encoded form of the data.
 const encoded = `key = 'value'
 list = ['item1', 'item2', 'item3']
 
@@ -38,21 +40,21 @@ key = 'value'
 list = ['item1', 'item2', 'item3']
 `
 
-// Viper's internal representation
-var data = map[string]interface{}{
+// data is Viper's internal representation.
+var data = map[string]any{
 	"key": "value",
-	"list": []interface{}{
+	"list": []any{
 		"item1",
 		"item2",
 		"item3",
 	},
-	"map": map[string]interface{}{
+	"map": map[string]any{
 		"key": "value",
 	},
-	"nested_map": map[string]interface{}{
-		"map": map[string]interface{}{
+	"nested_map": map[string]any{
+		"map": map[string]any{
 			"key": "value",
-			"list": []interface{}{
+			"list": []any{
 				"item1",
 				"item2",
 				"item3",
@@ -65,40 +67,30 @@ func TestCodec_Encode(t *testing.T) {
 	codec := Codec{}
 
 	b, err := codec.Encode(data)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	if encoded != string(b) {
-		t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", string(b), encoded)
-	}
+	assert.Equal(t, encoded, string(b))
 }
 
 func TestCodec_Decode(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
 		codec := Codec{}
 
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
+		v := map[string]any{}
 
 		err := codec.Decode([]byte(original), v)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
+		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(data, v) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", v, data)
-		}
+		assert.Equal(t, data, v)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("InvalidData", func(t *testing.T) {
 		codec := Codec{}
 
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
+		v := map[string]any{}
 
 		err := codec.Decode([]byte(`invalid data`), v)
-		if err == nil {
-			t.Fatal("expected decoding to fail")
-		}
+		require.Error(t, err)
 
 		t.Logf("decoding failed as expected: %s", err)
 	})

internal/encoding/yaml/codec.go

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 package yaml
 
-import "gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
+import "go.yaml.in/yaml/v3"
 
 // Codec implements the encoding.Encoder and encoding.Decoder interfaces for YAML encoding.
 type Codec struct{}
 
-func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+func (Codec) Encode(v map[string]any) ([]byte, error) {
 	return yaml.Marshal(v)
 }
 
-func (Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]interface{}) error {
+func (Codec) Decode(b []byte, v map[string]any) error {
 	return yaml.Unmarshal(b, &v)
 }

internal/encoding/yaml/codec_test.go

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 package yaml
 
 import (
-	"reflect"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
-// original form of the data
+// original form of the data.
 const original = `# key-value pair
 key: value
 list:
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ nested_map:
             - item3
 `
 
-// encoded form of the data
+// encoded form of the data.
 const encoded = `key: value
 list:
     - item1
@@ -43,24 +45,24 @@ nested_map:
             - item3
 `
 
-// decoded form of the data
+// decoded form of the data.
 //
-// in case of YAML it's slightly different from Viper's internal representation
-// (eg. map is decoded into a map with interface key)
-var decoded = map[string]interface{}{
+// In case of YAML it's slightly different from Viper's internal representation
+// (e.g. map is decoded into a map with interface key).
+var decoded = map[string]any{
 	"key": "value",
-	"list": []interface{}{
+	"list": []any{
 		"item1",
 		"item2",
 		"item3",
 	},
-	"map": map[string]interface{}{
+	"map": map[string]any{
 		"key": "value",
 	},
-	"nested_map": map[string]interface{}{
-		"map": map[string]interface{}{
+	"nested_map": map[string]any{
+		"map": map[string]any{
 			"key": "value",
-			"list": []interface{}{
+			"list": []any{
 				"item1",
 				"item2",
 				"item3",
@@ -69,21 +71,21 @@ var decoded = map[string]interface{}{
 	},
 }
 
-// Viper's internal representation
-var data = map[string]interface{}{
+// data is Viper's internal representation.
+var data = map[string]any{
 	"key": "value",
-	"list": []interface{}{
+	"list": []any{
 		"item1",
 		"item2",
 		"item3",
 	},
-	"map": map[string]interface{}{
+	"map": map[string]any{
 		"key": "value",
 	},
-	"nested_map": map[string]interface{}{
-		"map": map[string]interface{}{
+	"nested_map": map[string]any{
+		"map": map[string]any{
 			"key": "value",
-			"list": []interface{}{
+			"list": []any{
 				"item1",
 				"item2",
 				"item3",
@@ -96,40 +98,30 @@ func TestCodec_Encode(t *testing.T) {
 	codec := Codec{}
 
 	b, err := codec.Encode(data)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	if encoded != string(b) {
-		t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", string(b), encoded)
-	}
+	assert.Equal(t, encoded, string(b))
 }
 
 func TestCodec_Decode(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("OK", func(t *testing.T) {
 		codec := Codec{}
 
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
+		v := map[string]any{}
 
 		err := codec.Decode([]byte(original), v)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatal(err)
-		}
+		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(decoded, v) {
-			t.Fatalf("decoded value does not match the expected one\nactual:   %#v\nexpected: %#v", v, decoded)
-		}
+		assert.Equal(t, decoded, v)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("InvalidData", func(t *testing.T) {
 		codec := Codec{}
 
-		v := map[string]interface{}{}
+		v := map[string]any{}
 
 		err := codec.Decode([]byte(`invalid data`), v)
-		if err == nil {
-			t.Fatal("expected decoding to fail")
-		}
+		require.Error(t, err)
 
 		t.Logf("decoding failed as expected: %s", err)
 	})

internal/features/bind_struct.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//go:build viper_bind_struct
+
+package features
+
+const BindStruct = true

internal/features/bind_struct_default.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//go:build !viper_bind_struct
+
+package features
+
+const BindStruct = false

internal/features/finder.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//go:build viper_finder
+
+package features
+
+const Finder = true

internal/features/finder_default.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//go:build !viper_finder
+
+package features
+
+const Finder = false

internal/testutil/env_go1_16.go

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-//go:build !go1.17
-// +build !go1.17
-
-package testutil
-
-import (
-	"os"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-// Based on https://github.com/frankban/quicktest/blob/577841610793d24f99e31cc2c0ef3a541fefd7c7/patch.go#L34-L64
-// Licensed under the MIT license
-// Copyright (c) 2017 Canonical Ltd.
-
-// Setenv sets an environment variable to a temporary value for the
-// duration of the test.
-//
-// At the end of the test (see "Deferred execution" in the package docs), the
-// environment variable is returned to its original value.
-func Setenv(t *testing.T, name, val string) {
-	setenv(t, name, val, true)
-}
-
-// setenv sets or unsets an environment variable to a temporary value for the
-// duration of the test
-func setenv(t *testing.T, name, val string, valOK bool) {
-	oldVal, oldOK := os.LookupEnv(name)
-	if valOK {
-		os.Setenv(name, val)
-	} else {
-		os.Unsetenv(name)
-	}
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		if oldOK {
-			os.Setenv(name, oldVal)
-		} else {
-			os.Unsetenv(name)
-		}
-	})
-}

internal/testutil/env_go1_17.go

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-//go:build go1.17
-// +build go1.17
-
-package testutil
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-)
-
-// Setenv sets an environment variable to a temporary value for the
-// duration of the test.
-//
-// This shim can be removed once support for Go <1.17 is dropped.
-func Setenv(t *testing.T, name, val string) {
-	t.Helper()
-
-	t.Setenv(name, val)
-}

logger.go

@@ -1,77 +1,31 @@
 package viper
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	jww "github.com/spf13/jwalterweatherman"
+	"context"
+	"log/slog"
 )
 
-// Logger is a unified interface for various logging use cases and practices, including:
-//   - leveled logging
-//   - structured logging
-type Logger interface {
-	// Trace logs a Trace event.
-	//
-	// Even more fine-grained information than Debug events.
-	// Loggers not supporting this level should fall back to Debug.
-	Trace(msg string, keyvals ...interface{})
-
-	// Debug logs a Debug event.
-	//
-	// A verbose series of information events.
-	// They are useful when debugging the system.
-	Debug(msg string, keyvals ...interface{})
-
-	// Info logs an Info event.
-	//
-	// General information about what's happening inside the system.
-	Info(msg string, keyvals ...interface{})
-
-	// Warn logs a Warn(ing) event.
-	//
-	// Non-critical events that should be looked at.
-	Warn(msg string, keyvals ...interface{})
-
-	// Error logs an Error event.
-	//
-	// Critical events that require immediate attention.
-	// Loggers commonly provide Fatal and Panic levels above Error level,
-	// but exiting and panicing is out of scope for a logging library.
-	Error(msg string, keyvals ...interface{})
+// WithLogger sets a custom logger.
+func WithLogger(l *slog.Logger) Option {
+	return optionFunc(func(v *Viper) {
+		v.logger = l
+	})
 }
 
-type jwwLogger struct{}
+type discardHandler struct{}
 
-func (jwwLogger) Trace(msg string, keyvals ...interface{}) {
-	jww.TRACE.Printf(jwwLogMessage(msg, keyvals...))
+func (n *discardHandler) Enabled(_ context.Context, _ slog.Level) bool {
+	return false
 }
 
-func (jwwLogger) Debug(msg string, keyvals ...interface{}) {
-	jww.DEBUG.Printf(jwwLogMessage(msg, keyvals...))
+func (n *discardHandler) Handle(_ context.Context, _ slog.Record) error {
+	return nil
 }
 
-func (jwwLogger) Info(msg string, keyvals ...interface{}) {
-	jww.INFO.Printf(jwwLogMessage(msg, keyvals...))
+func (n *discardHandler) WithAttrs(_ []slog.Attr) slog.Handler {
+	return n
 }
 
-func (jwwLogger) Warn(msg string, keyvals ...interface{}) {
-	jww.WARN.Printf(jwwLogMessage(msg, keyvals...))
-}
-
-func (jwwLogger) Error(msg string, keyvals ...interface{}) {
-	jww.ERROR.Printf(jwwLogMessage(msg, keyvals...))
-}
-
-func jwwLogMessage(msg string, keyvals ...interface{}) string {
-	out := msg
-
-	if len(keyvals) > 0 && len(keyvals)%2 == 1 {
-		keyvals = append(keyvals, nil)
-	}
-
-	for i := 0; i <= len(keyvals)-2; i += 2 {
-		out = fmt.Sprintf("%s %v=%v", out, keyvals[i], keyvals[i+1])
-	}
-
-	return out
+func (n *discardHandler) WithGroup(_ string) slog.Handler {
+	return n
 }

overrides_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package viper
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -46,11 +45,11 @@ func TestNestedOverrides(t *testing.T) {
 	deepCheckValue(assert, v, overrideLayer, []string{"tom", "size"}, 4)
 
 	// Case 4: key:value overridden by a map
-	v = overrideDefault(assert, "tom.size", 4, "tom", map[string]interface{}{"age": 10}) // "tom.size" is first given "4" as default value, then "tom" is overridden by map{"age":10}
-	assert.Equal(4, v.Get("tom.size"))                                                   // "tom.size" should still be reachable
-	assert.Equal(10, v.Get("tom.age"))                                                   // new value should be there
-	deepCheckValue(assert, v, overrideLayer, []string{"tom", "age"}, 10)                 // new value should be there
-	v = override(assert, "tom.size", 4, "tom", map[string]interface{}{"age": 10})
+	v = overrideDefault(assert, "tom.size", 4, "tom", map[string]any{"age": 10}) // "tom.size" is first given "4" as default value, then "tom" is overridden by map{"age":10}
+	assert.Equal(4, v.Get("tom.size"))                                           // "tom.size" should still be reachable
+	assert.Equal(10, v.Get("tom.age"))                                           // new value should be there
+	deepCheckValue(assert, v, overrideLayer, []string{"tom", "age"}, 10)         // new value should be there
+	v = override(assert, "tom.size", 4, "tom", map[string]any{"age": 10})
 	assert.Nil(v.Get("tom.size"))
 	assert.Equal(10, v.Get("tom.age"))
 	deepCheckValue(assert, v, overrideLayer, []string{"tom", "age"}, 10)
@@ -75,11 +74,11 @@ func TestNestedOverrides(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func overrideDefault(assert *assert.Assertions, firstPath string, firstValue interface{}, secondPath string, secondValue interface{}) *Viper {
+func overrideDefault(assert *assert.Assertions, firstPath string, firstValue any, secondPath string, secondValue any) *Viper {
 	return overrideFromLayer(defaultLayer, assert, firstPath, firstValue, secondPath, secondValue)
 }
 
-func override(assert *assert.Assertions, firstPath string, firstValue interface{}, secondPath string, secondValue interface{}) *Viper {
+func override(assert *assert.Assertions, firstPath string, firstValue any, secondPath string, secondValue any) *Viper {
 	return overrideFromLayer(overrideLayer, assert, firstPath, firstValue, secondPath, secondValue)
 }
 
@@ -94,11 +93,11 @@ func override(assert *assert.Assertions, firstPath string, firstValue interface{
 //
 // After each assignment, the value is checked, retrieved both by its full path
 // and by its key sequence (successive maps).
-func overrideFromLayer(l layer, assert *assert.Assertions, firstPath string, firstValue interface{}, secondPath string, secondValue interface{}) *Viper {
+func overrideFromLayer(l layer, assert *assert.Assertions, firstPath string, firstValue any, secondPath string, secondValue any) *Viper {
 	v := New()
 	firstKeys := strings.Split(firstPath, v.keyDelim)
 	if assert == nil ||
-		len(firstKeys) == 0 || len(firstKeys[0]) == 0 {
+		len(firstKeys) == 0 || firstKeys[0] == "" {
 		return v
 	}
 
@@ -116,7 +115,7 @@ func overrideFromLayer(l layer, assert *assert.Assertions, firstPath string, fir
 
 	// Override and check new value
 	secondKeys := strings.Split(secondPath, v.keyDelim)
-	if len(secondKeys) == 0 || len(secondKeys[0]) == 0 {
+	if len(secondKeys) == 0 || secondKeys[0] == "" {
 		return v
 	}
 	v.Set(secondPath, secondValue)
@@ -127,15 +126,15 @@ func overrideFromLayer(l layer, assert *assert.Assertions, firstPath string, fir
 }
 
 // deepCheckValue checks that all given keys correspond to a valid path in the
-// configuration map of the given layer, and that the final value equals the one given
-func deepCheckValue(assert *assert.Assertions, v *Viper, l layer, keys []string, value interface{}) {
+// configuration map of the given layer, and that the final value equals the one given.
+func deepCheckValue(assert *assert.Assertions, v *Viper, l layer, keys []string, value any) {
 	if assert == nil || v == nil ||
-		len(keys) == 0 || len(keys[0]) == 0 {
+		len(keys) == 0 || keys[0] == "" {
 		return
 	}
 
 	// init
-	var val interface{}
+	var val any
 	var ms string
 	switch l {
 	case defaultLayer:
@@ -147,28 +146,25 @@ func deepCheckValue(assert *assert.Assertions, v *Viper, l layer, keys []string,
 	}
 
 	// loop through map
-	var m map[string]interface{}
-	err := false
+	var m map[string]any
 	for _, k := range keys {
 		if val == nil {
-			assert.Fail(fmt.Sprintf("%s is not a map[string]interface{}", ms))
+			assert.Failf("%s is not a map[string]any", ms)
 			return
 		}
 
 		// deep scan of the map to get the final value
-		switch val.(type) {
-		case map[interface{}]interface{}:
+		switch val := val.(type) {
+		case map[any]any:
 			m = cast.ToStringMap(val)
-		case map[string]interface{}:
-			m = val.(map[string]interface{})
+		case map[string]any:
+			m = val
 		default:
-			assert.Fail(fmt.Sprintf("%s is not a map[string]interface{}", ms))
+			assert.Failf("%s is not a map[string]any", ms)
 			return
 		}
 		ms = ms + "[\"" + k + "\"]"
 		val = m[k]
 	}
-	if !err {
-		assert.Equal(value, val)
-	}
+	assert.Equal(value, val)
 }

remote.go

@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+package viper
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"reflect"
+	"slices"
+)
+
+// SupportedRemoteProviders are universally supported remote providers.
+var SupportedRemoteProviders = []string{"etcd", "etcd3", "consul", "firestore", "nats"}
+
+func resetRemote() {
+	SupportedRemoteProviders = []string{"etcd", "etcd3", "consul", "firestore", "nats"}
+}
+
+type remoteConfigFactory interface {
+	Get(rp RemoteProvider) (io.Reader, error)
+	Watch(rp RemoteProvider) (io.Reader, error)
+	WatchChannel(rp RemoteProvider) (<-chan *RemoteResponse, chan bool)
+}
+
+type RemoteResponse struct {
+	Value []byte
+	Error error
+}
+
+// RemoteConfig is optional, see the remote package.
+var RemoteConfig remoteConfigFactory
+
+// UnsupportedRemoteProviderError denotes encountering an unsupported remote
+// provider. Currently only etcd and Consul are supported.
+type UnsupportedRemoteProviderError string
+
+// Error returns the formatted remote provider error.
+func (str UnsupportedRemoteProviderError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Unsupported Remote Provider Type %q", string(str))
+}
+
+// RemoteConfigError denotes encountering an error while trying to
+// pull the configuration from the remote provider.
+type RemoteConfigError string
+
+// Error returns the formatted remote provider error.
+func (rce RemoteConfigError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Remote Configurations Error: %s", string(rce))
+}
+
+type defaultRemoteProvider struct {
+	provider      string
+	endpoint      string
+	path          string
+	secretKeyring string
+}
+
+func (rp defaultRemoteProvider) Provider() string {
+	return rp.provider
+}
+
+func (rp defaultRemoteProvider) Endpoint() string {
+	return rp.endpoint
+}
+
+func (rp defaultRemoteProvider) Path() string {
+	return rp.path
+}
+
+func (rp defaultRemoteProvider) SecretKeyring() string {
+	return rp.secretKeyring
+}
+
+// RemoteProvider stores the configuration necessary
+// to connect to a remote key/value store.
+// Optional secretKeyring to unencrypt encrypted values
+// can be provided.
+type RemoteProvider interface {
+	Provider() string
+	Endpoint() string
+	Path() string
+	SecretKeyring() string
+}
+
+// AddRemoteProvider adds a remote configuration source.
+// Remote Providers are searched in the order they are added.
+// provider is a string value: "etcd", "etcd3", "consul", "firestore" or "nats" are currently supported.
+// endpoint is the url.  etcd requires http://ip:port, consul requires ip:port, nats requires nats://ip:port
+// path is the path in the k/v store to retrieve configuration
+// To retrieve a config file called myapp.json from /configs/myapp.json
+// you should set path to /configs and set config name (SetConfigName()) to
+// "myapp".
+func AddRemoteProvider(provider, endpoint, path string) error {
+	return v.AddRemoteProvider(provider, endpoint, path)
+}
+
+func (v *Viper) AddRemoteProvider(provider, endpoint, path string) error {
+	if !slices.Contains(SupportedRemoteProviders, provider) {
+		return UnsupportedRemoteProviderError(provider)
+	}
+	if provider != "" && endpoint != "" {
+		v.logger.Info("adding remote provider", "provider", provider, "endpoint", endpoint)
+
+		rp := &defaultRemoteProvider{
+			endpoint: endpoint,
+			provider: provider,
+			path:     path,
+		}
+		if !v.providerPathExists(rp) {
+			v.remoteProviders = append(v.remoteProviders, rp)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AddSecureRemoteProvider adds a remote configuration source.
+// Secure Remote Providers are searched in the order they are added.
+// provider is a string value: "etcd", "etcd3", "consul", "firestore" or "nats" are currently supported.
+// endpoint is the url.  etcd requires http://ip:port  consul requires ip:port
+// secretkeyring is the filepath to your openpgp secret keyring.  e.g. /etc/secrets/myring.gpg
+// path is the path in the k/v store to retrieve configuration
+// To retrieve a config file called myapp.json from /configs/myapp.json
+// you should set path to /configs and set config name (SetConfigName()) to
+// "myapp".
+// Secure Remote Providers are implemented with github.com/sagikazarmark/crypt.
+func AddSecureRemoteProvider(provider, endpoint, path, secretkeyring string) error {
+	return v.AddSecureRemoteProvider(provider, endpoint, path, secretkeyring)
+}
+
+func (v *Viper) AddSecureRemoteProvider(provider, endpoint, path, secretkeyring string) error {
+	if !slices.Contains(SupportedRemoteProviders, provider) {
+		return UnsupportedRemoteProviderError(provider)
+	}
+	if provider != "" && endpoint != "" {
+		v.logger.Info("adding remote provider", "provider", provider, "endpoint", endpoint)
+
+		rp := &defaultRemoteProvider{
+			endpoint:      endpoint,
+			provider:      provider,
+			path:          path,
+			secretKeyring: secretkeyring,
+		}
+		if !v.providerPathExists(rp) {
+			v.remoteProviders = append(v.remoteProviders, rp)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (v *Viper) providerPathExists(p *defaultRemoteProvider) bool {
+	for _, y := range v.remoteProviders {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(y, p) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// ReadRemoteConfig attempts to get configuration from a remote source
+// and read it in the remote configuration registry.
+func ReadRemoteConfig() error { return v.ReadRemoteConfig() }
+
+func (v *Viper) ReadRemoteConfig() error {
+	return v.getKeyValueConfig()
+}
+
+func WatchRemoteConfig() error { return v.WatchRemoteConfig() }
+func (v *Viper) WatchRemoteConfig() error {
+	return v.watchKeyValueConfig()
+}
+
+func (v *Viper) WatchRemoteConfigOnChannel() error {
+	return v.watchKeyValueConfigOnChannel()
+}
+
+// Retrieve the first found remote configuration.
+func (v *Viper) getKeyValueConfig() error {
+	if RemoteConfig == nil {
+		return RemoteConfigError("Enable the remote features by doing a blank import of the viper/remote package: '_ github.com/spf13/viper/remote'")
+	}
+
+	if len(v.remoteProviders) == 0 {
+		return RemoteConfigError("No Remote Providers")
+	}
+
+	for _, rp := range v.remoteProviders {
+		val, err := v.getRemoteConfig(rp)
+		if err != nil {
+			v.logger.Error(fmt.Errorf("get remote config: %w", err).Error())
+
+			continue
+		}
+
+		v.kvstore = val
+
+		return nil
+	}
+	return RemoteConfigError("No Files Found")
+}
+
+func (v *Viper) getRemoteConfig(provider RemoteProvider) (map[string]any, error) {
+	reader, err := RemoteConfig.Get(provider)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	err = v.unmarshalReader(reader, v.kvstore)
+	return v.kvstore, err
+}
+
+// Retrieve the first found remote configuration.
+func (v *Viper) watchKeyValueConfigOnChannel() error {
+	if len(v.remoteProviders) == 0 {
+		return RemoteConfigError("No Remote Providers")
+	}
+
+	for _, rp := range v.remoteProviders {
+		respc, _ := RemoteConfig.WatchChannel(rp)
+		// Todo: Add quit channel
+		go func(rc <-chan *RemoteResponse) {
+			for {
+				b := <-rc
+				reader := bytes.NewReader(b.Value)
+				err := v.unmarshalReader(reader, v.kvstore)
+				if err != nil {
+					v.logger.Error(fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarshal remote config: %w", err).Error())
+				}
+			}
+		}(respc)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return RemoteConfigError("No Files Found")
+}
+
+// Retrieve the first found remote configuration.
+func (v *Viper) watchKeyValueConfig() error {
+	if len(v.remoteProviders) == 0 {
+		return RemoteConfigError("No Remote Providers")
+	}
+
+	for _, rp := range v.remoteProviders {
+		val, err := v.watchRemoteConfig(rp)
+		if err != nil {
+			v.logger.Error(fmt.Errorf("watch remote config: %w", err).Error())
+
+			continue
+		}
+		v.kvstore = val
+		return nil
+	}
+	return RemoteConfigError("No Files Found")
+}
+
+func (v *Viper) watchRemoteConfig(provider RemoteProvider) (map[string]any, error) {
+	reader, err := RemoteConfig.Watch(provider)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	err = v.unmarshalReader(reader, v.kvstore)
+	return v.kvstore, err
+}

remote/go.mod

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+module github.com/spf13/viper/remote
+
+go 1.23.8
+
+replace github.com/spf13/viper => ../
+
+require (
+	github.com/sagikazarmark/crypt v0.31.0
+	github.com/spf13/viper v1.21.0
+)
+
+require (
+	cloud.google.com/go v0.120.0 // indirect
+	cloud.google.com/go/auth v0.16.5 // indirect
+	cloud.google.com/go/auth/oauth2adapt v0.2.8 // indirect
+	cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.8.0 // indirect
+	cloud.google.com/go/firestore v1.18.0 // indirect
+	cloud.google.com/go/longrunning v0.6.7 // indirect
+	github.com/armon/go-metrics v0.4.1 // indirect
+	github.com/coreos/go-semver v0.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/fatih/color v1.16.0 // indirect
+	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
+	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
+	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
+	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
+	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
+	github.com/google/s2a-go v0.1.9 // indirect
+	github.com/googleapis/enterprise-certificate-proxy v0.3.6 // indirect
+	github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.15.0 // indirect
+	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.26.3 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/consul/api v1.32.1 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix v1.3.1 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-rootcerts v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v0.5.4 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/serf v0.10.1 // indirect
+	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
+	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.45.0 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/nkeys v0.4.11 // indirect
+	github.com/nats-io/nuid v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.4 // indirect
+	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
+	github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero v0.11.0 // indirect
+	github.com/sourcegraph/conc v0.3.1-0.20240121214520-5f936abd7ae8 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/cast v1.10.0 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10 // indirect
+	github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/api/v3 v3.6.4 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/pkg/v3 v3.6.4 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v2 v2.305.22 // indirect
+	go.etcd.io/etcd/client/v3 v3.6.4 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.1.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/google.golang.org/grpc/otelgrpc v0.61.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.61.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.37.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v1.37.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.37.0 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/multierr v1.11.0 // indirect
+	go.uber.org/zap v1.27.0 // indirect
+	go.yaml.in/yaml/v3 v3.0.4 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250305212735-054e65f0b394 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.43.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.16.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.28.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.12.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/api v0.248.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20250603155806-513f23925822 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20250707201910-8d1bb00bc6a7 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250818200422-3122310a409c // indirect
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.75.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.7 // indirect
+)

remote/go.sum

@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+cloud.google.com/go v0.120.0 h1:wc6bgG9DHyKqF5/vQvX1CiZrtHnxJjBlKUyF9nP6meA=
+cloud.google.com/go v0.120.0/go.mod h1:/beW32s8/pGRuj4IILWQNd4uuebeT4dkOhKmkfit64Q=
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remote/remote.go

@@ -91,6 +91,8 @@ func getConfigManager(rp viper.RemoteProvider) (crypt.ConfigManager, error) {
 			cm, err = crypt.NewEtcdV3ConfigManager(endpoints, kr)
 		case "firestore":
 			cm, err = crypt.NewFirestoreConfigManager(endpoints, kr)
+		case "nats":
+			cm, err = crypt.NewNatsConfigManager(endpoints, kr)
 		default:
 			cm, err = crypt.NewConsulConfigManager(endpoints, kr)
 		}
@@ -102,6 +104,8 @@ func getConfigManager(rp viper.RemoteProvider) (crypt.ConfigManager, error) {
 			cm, err = crypt.NewStandardEtcdV3ConfigManager(endpoints)
 		case "firestore":
 			cm, err = crypt.NewStandardFirestoreConfigManager(endpoints)
+		case "nats":
+			cm, err = crypt.NewStandardNatsConfigManager(endpoints)
 		default:
 			cm, err = crypt.NewStandardConsulConfigManager(endpoints)
 		}

util.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ package viper
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
@@ -31,13 +32,18 @@ func (pe ConfigParseError) Error() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("While parsing config: %s", pe.err.Error())
 }
 
+// Unwrap returns the wrapped error.
+func (pe ConfigParseError) Unwrap() error {
+	return pe.err
+}
+
 // toCaseInsensitiveValue checks if the value is a  map;
 // if so, create a copy and lower-case the keys recursively.
-func toCaseInsensitiveValue(value interface{}) interface{} {
+func toCaseInsensitiveValue(value any) any {
 	switch v := value.(type) {
-	case map[interface{}]interface{}:
+	case map[any]any:
 		value = copyAndInsensitiviseMap(cast.ToStringMap(v))
-	case map[string]interface{}:
+	case map[string]any:
 		value = copyAndInsensitiviseMap(v)
 	}
 
@@ -46,15 +52,15 @@ func toCaseInsensitiveValue(value interface{}) interface{} {
 
 // copyAndInsensitiviseMap behaves like insensitiviseMap, but creates a copy of
 // any map it makes case insensitive.
-func copyAndInsensitiviseMap(m map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
-	nm := make(map[string]interface{})
+func copyAndInsensitiviseMap(m map[string]any) map[string]any {
+	nm := make(map[string]any)
 
 	for key, val := range m {
 		lkey := strings.ToLower(key)
 		switch v := val.(type) {
-		case map[interface{}]interface{}:
+		case map[any]any:
 			nm[lkey] = copyAndInsensitiviseMap(cast.ToStringMap(v))
-		case map[string]interface{}:
+		case map[string]any:
 			nm[lkey] = copyAndInsensitiviseMap(v)
 		default:
 			nm[lkey] = v
@@ -64,23 +70,23 @@ func copyAndInsensitiviseMap(m map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
 	return nm
 }
 
-func insensitiviseVal(val interface{}) interface{} {
-	switch val.(type) {
-	case map[interface{}]interface{}:
+func insensitiviseVal(val any) any {
+	switch v := val.(type) {
+	case map[any]any:
 		// nested map: cast and recursively insensitivise
 		val = cast.ToStringMap(val)
-		insensitiviseMap(val.(map[string]interface{}))
-	case map[string]interface{}:
+		insensitiviseMap(val.(map[string]any))
+	case map[string]any:
 		// nested map: recursively insensitivise
-		insensitiviseMap(val.(map[string]interface{}))
-	case []interface{}:
+		insensitiviseMap(v)
+	case []any:
 		// nested array: recursively insensitivise
-		insensitiveArray(val.([]interface{}))
+		insensitiveArray(v)
 	}
 	return val
 }
 
-func insensitiviseMap(m map[string]interface{}) {
+func insensitiviseMap(m map[string]any) {
 	for key, val := range m {
 		val = insensitiviseVal(val)
 		lower := strings.ToLower(key)
@@ -93,13 +99,13 @@ func insensitiviseMap(m map[string]interface{}) {
 	}
 }
 
-func insensitiveArray(a []interface{}) {
+func insensitiveArray(a []any) {
 	for i, val := range a {
 		a[i] = insensitiviseVal(val)
 	}
 }
 
-func absPathify(logger Logger, inPath string) string {
+func absPathify(logger *slog.Logger, inPath string) string {
 	logger.Info("trying to resolve absolute path", "path", inPath)
 
 	if inPath == "$HOME" || strings.HasPrefix(inPath, "$HOME"+string(os.PathSeparator)) {
@@ -122,15 +128,6 @@ func absPathify(logger Logger, inPath string) string {
 	return ""
 }
 
-func stringInSlice(a string, list []string) bool {
-	for _, b := range list {
-		if b == a {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 func userHomeDir() string {
 	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
 		home := os.Getenv("HOMEDRIVE") + os.Getenv("HOMEPATH")
@@ -150,7 +147,7 @@ func safeMul(a, b uint) uint {
 	return c
 }
 
-// parseSizeInBytes converts strings like 1GB or 12 mb into an unsigned integer number of bytes
+// parseSizeInBytes converts strings like 1GB or 12 mb into an unsigned integer number of bytes.
 func parseSizeInBytes(sizeStr string) uint {
 	sizeStr = strings.TrimSpace(sizeStr)
 	lastChar := len(sizeStr) - 1
@@ -177,10 +174,7 @@ func parseSizeInBytes(sizeStr string) uint {
 		}
 	}
 
-	size := cast.ToInt(sizeStr)
-	if size < 0 {
-		size = 0
-	}
+	size := max(cast.ToInt(sizeStr), 0)
 
 	return safeMul(uint(size), multiplier)
 }
@@ -192,22 +186,22 @@ func parseSizeInBytes(sizeStr string) uint {
 // In case intermediate keys do not exist, or map to a non-map value,
 // a new map is created and inserted, and the search continues from there:
 // the initial map "m" may be modified!
-func deepSearch(m map[string]interface{}, path []string) map[string]interface{} {
+func deepSearch(m map[string]any, path []string) map[string]any {
 	for _, k := range path {
 		m2, ok := m[k]
 		if !ok {
 			// intermediate key does not exist
 			// => create it and continue from there
-			m3 := make(map[string]interface{})
+			m3 := make(map[string]any)
 			m[k] = m3
 			m = m3
 			continue
 		}
-		m3, ok := m2.(map[string]interface{})
+		m3, ok := m2.(map[string]any)
 		if !ok {
 			// intermediate key is a value
 			// => replace with a new map
-			m3 = make(map[string]interface{})
+			m3 = make(map[string]any)
 			m[k] = m3
 		}
 		// continue search from here

util_test.go

@@ -11,26 +11,26 @@
 package viper
 
 import (
+	"log/slog"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/spf13/viper/internal/testutil"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
 
 func TestCopyAndInsensitiviseMap(t *testing.T) {
 	var (
-		given = map[string]interface{}{
+		given = map[string]any{
 			"Foo": 32,
-			"Bar": map[interface{}]interface{}{
+			"Bar": map[any]any{
 				"ABc": "A",
 				"cDE": "B",
 			},
 		}
-		expected = map[string]interface{}{
+		expected = map[string]any{
 			"foo": 32,
-			"bar": map[string]interface{}{
+			"bar": map[string]any{
 				"abc": "A",
 				"cde": "B",
 			},
@@ -39,22 +39,15 @@ func TestCopyAndInsensitiviseMap(t *testing.T) {
 
 	got := copyAndInsensitiviseMap(given)
 
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, expected) {
-		t.Fatalf("Got %q\nexpected\n%q", got, expected)
-	}
+	assert.Equal(t, expected, got)
+	_, ok := given["foo"]
+	assert.False(t, ok)
+	_, ok = given["bar"]
+	assert.False(t, ok)
 
-	if _, ok := given["foo"]; ok {
-		t.Fatal("Input map changed")
-	}
-
-	if _, ok := given["bar"]; ok {
-		t.Fatal("Input map changed")
-	}
-
-	m := given["Bar"].(map[interface{}]interface{})
-	if _, ok := m["ABc"]; !ok {
-		t.Fatal("Input map changed")
-	}
+	m := given["Bar"].(map[any]any)
+	_, ok = m["ABc"]
+	assert.True(t, ok)
 }
 
 func TestAbsPathify(t *testing.T) {
@@ -64,8 +57,8 @@ func TestAbsPathify(t *testing.T) {
 	homer := filepath.Join(home, "homer")
 	wd, _ := os.Getwd()
 
-	testutil.Setenv(t, "HOMER_ABSOLUTE_PATH", homer)
-	testutil.Setenv(t, "VAR_WITH_RELATIVE_PATH", "relative")
+	t.Setenv("HOMER_ABSOLUTE_PATH", homer)
+	t.Setenv("VAR_WITH_RELATIVE_PATH", "relative")
 
 	tests := []struct {
 		input  string
@@ -87,9 +80,7 @@ func TestAbsPathify(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, test := range tests {
-		got := absPathify(jwwLogger{}, test.input)
-		if got != test.output {
-			t.Errorf("Got %v\nexpected\n%q", got, test.output)
-		}
+		got := absPathify(slog.Default(), test.input)
+		assert.Equal(t, test.output, got)
 	}
 }

viper_go1_16.go

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-//go:build go1.16 && finder
-// +build go1.16,finder
-
-package viper
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/spf13/afero"
-)
-
-// Search all configPaths for any config file.
-// Returns the first path that exists (and is a config file).
-func (v *Viper) findConfigFile() (string, error) {
-	finder := finder{
-		paths:            v.configPaths,
-		fileNames:        []string{v.configName},
-		extensions:       SupportedExts,
-		withoutExtension: v.configType != "",
-	}
-
-	file, err := finder.Find(afero.NewIOFS(v.fs))
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-
-	if file == "" {
-		return "", ConfigFileNotFoundError{v.configName, fmt.Sprintf("%s", v.configPaths)}
-	}
-
-	return file, nil
-}

watch.go

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-//go:build darwin || dragonfly || freebsd || openbsd || linux || netbsd || solaris || windows
-// +build darwin dragonfly freebsd openbsd linux netbsd solaris windows
-
-package viper
-
-import "github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify"
-
-type watcher = fsnotify.Watcher
-
-func newWatcher() (*watcher, error) {
-	return fsnotify.NewWatcher()
-}

watch_unsupported.go

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-//go:build appengine || (!darwin && !dragonfly && !freebsd && !openbsd && !linux && !netbsd && !solaris && !windows)
-// +build appengine !darwin,!dragonfly,!freebsd,!openbsd,!linux,!netbsd,!solaris,!windows
-
-package viper
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"runtime"
-
-	"github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify"
-)
-
-func newWatcher() (*watcher, error) {
-	return &watcher{}, fmt.Errorf("fsnotify not supported on %s", runtime.GOOS)
-}
-
-type watcher struct {
-	Events chan fsnotify.Event
-	Errors chan error
-}
-
-func (*watcher) Close() error {
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (*watcher) Add(name string) error {
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (*watcher) Remove(name string) error {
-	return nil
-}