[maven-release-plugin] prepare release ebean-11.36.1

Bump ebean-types to 1.3 with of() helper methods

README.md

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ebean-orm/ebean.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/ebean-orm/ebean)
+[![Maven Central : ebean](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean/badge.svg)](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean)
+
 # Need help?
 Post questions or issues to the Ebean google group - https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/ebean
 
 # Documentation
-Goto [https://ebean-orm.github.io/](http://ebean-orm.github.io/ "Ebean ORM's Website")
+Goto [https://ebean.io/docs/](https://ebean.io/docs/)
 
 
 ## Maven cental links:
@@ -10,8 +13,7 @@ Goto [https://ebean-orm.github.io/](http://ebean-orm.github.io/ "Ebean ORM's Web
 
 [Maven central - all related projects](http://search.maven.org/#search%7Cga%7C1%7Cebean "maven central all related projects")
 
-## Current versions
-* [![Maven Central : ebean](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean/badge.svg)](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean) - ebean
+## Other versions
 * [![Maven Central : ebean-agent](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean-agent/badge.svg)](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean-agent) - ebean-agent
 * [![Maven Central : ebean-maven-plugin](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean-maven-plugin/badge.svg)](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean-maven-plugin) - ebean-maven-plugin
 

pom.xml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
   <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
   <artifactId>ebean</artifactId>
-  <version>11.31.3</version>
+  <version>11.36.1</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>
 
   <name>ebean</name>
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
   <scm>
     <developerConnection>scm:git:git@github.com:ebean-orm/ebean.git</developerConnection>
-    <tag>ebean-11.31.3</tag>
+    <tag>ebean-11.36.1</tag>
   </scm>
 
   <profiles>
@@ -117,13 +117,19 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
       <artifactId>ebean-annotation</artifactId>
-      <version>4.4</version>
+      <version>4.6</version>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
+      <artifactId>ebean-types</artifactId>
+      <version>1.3</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
       <artifactId>ebean-datasource</artifactId>
-      <version>4.3.2</version>
+      <version>4.5.1</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
@@ -135,13 +141,13 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
       <artifactId>ebean-migration</artifactId>
-      <version>11.13.1</version>
+      <version>11.14.1</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.antlr</groupId>
       <artifactId>antlr4-runtime</artifactId>
-      <version>4.7.1</version>
+      <version>4.7.2</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <!-- Jackson core used internally by Ebean -->
@@ -188,6 +194,21 @@
       <scope>provided</scope>
     </dependency>
 
+    <!-- Provided scope to compile with java 11 -->
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
+      <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
+      <version>2.4.0-b180830.0438</version>
+      <scope>provided</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
+      <artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
+      <version>1.3.2</version>
+      <scope>provided</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
     <!-- Provided scope for Postgres JSON/JSONB support -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
@@ -222,7 +243,7 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.avaje</groupId>
       <artifactId>avaje-agentloader</artifactId>
-      <version>2.1.2</version>
+      <version>3.0.1</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -259,7 +280,7 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
       <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
-      <version>6.4.0.jre8</version>
+      <version>7.2.0.jre8</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -327,9 +348,10 @@
       <plugin>
         <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
         <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-        <version>2.5</version>
+        <version>2.22.1</version>
         <configuration>
           <useSystemClassLoader>false</useSystemClassLoader>
+          <trimStackTrace>false</trimStackTrace>
           <failIfNoTests>false</failIfNoTests>
           <includes>
             <include>**/Test*.java</include>
@@ -371,7 +393,7 @@
           <overview>src/main/java/io/ebean/overview.html</overview>
           <source>1.8</source>
           <doclet>org.avaje.doclet.PygmentsDoclet</doclet>
-          <excludePackageNames>io.ebeaninternal.*:com.avaje.ebean.util</excludePackageNames>
+          <excludePackageNames>io.ebeaninternal.*:io.ebeanservice:io.ebean.common:io.ebean.bean:io.ebean.service:io.ebean.metric:io.ebean.util:io.ebean.config.properties:io.ebean.config.dbplatform*</excludePackageNames>
           <docletArtifact>
             <groupId>org.avaje</groupId>
             <artifactId>pygments-doclet</artifactId>

src/main/java/io/ebean/BeanFinder.java

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ import java.util.Optional;
  * public class CustomerFinder extends BeanFinder<Long,Customer> {
  *
  *   @Inject
- *   public CustomerFinder(EbeanServer server) {
- *     super(Customer.class, server);
+ *   public CustomerFinder(Database database) {
+ *     super(Customer.class, database);
  *   }
  *
  *   // ... add customer specific finders
@@ -29,25 +29,25 @@ import java.util.Optional;
  */
 public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
 
-  protected final EbeanServer server;
+  protected final Database server;
 
   protected final Class<T> type;
 
   /**
-   * Create with the given bean type and EbeanServer instance.
+   * Create with the given bean type and Database instance.
    *
    * @param type The bean type
-   * @param server The EbeanServer instance typically created via Spring factory or equivalent.
+   * @param server The Database instance typically created via Spring factory or equivalent.
    */
-  protected BeanFinder(Class<T> type, EbeanServer server) {
+  protected BeanFinder(Class<T> type, Database server) {
     this.type = type;
     this.server = server;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return the EbeanServer to use.
+   * Return the Database to use.
    */
-  public EbeanServer db() {
+  public Database db() {
     return server;
   }
 
@@ -66,21 +66,20 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return typically a different EbeanServer to the default.
+   * Return typically a different Database to the default.
    * <p>
-   * This is equivalent to {@link Ebean#getServer(String)}
+   * This is equivalent to {@link DB#byName(String)}
    *
-   * @param server The name of the EbeanServer. If this is null then the default EbeanServer is
-   *               returned.
+   * @param server The name of the Database. If this is null then the default Database is returned.
    */
-  public EbeanServer db(String server) {
-    return Ebean.getServer(server);
+  public Database db(String server) {
+    return DB.byName(server);
   }
 
   /**
    * Creates an entity reference for this ID.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#getReference(Class, Object)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#getReference(Class, Object)}
    */
   @Nonnull
   public T ref(I id) {
@@ -89,8 +88,6 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
 
   /**
    * Retrieves an entity by ID.
-   * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#find(Class, Object)}
    */
   @Nullable
   public T findById(I id) {
@@ -107,8 +104,6 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
 
   /**
    * Delete a bean by Id.
-   * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#delete(Class, Object)}
    */
   public void deleteById(I id) {
     db().delete(type, id);
@@ -138,7 +133,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
    * }</pre>
    *
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#update(Class)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#update(Class)}
    */
   protected UpdateQuery<T> updateQuery() {
     return db().update(type);
@@ -147,7 +142,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
   /**
    * Creates a query.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#find(Class)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#find(Class)}
    */
   protected Query<T> query() {
     return db().find(type);

src/main/java/io/ebean/BeanRepository.java

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import java.util.Collection;
  * public class CustomerRepository extends BeanRepository<Long,Customer> {
  *
  *   @Inject
- *   public CustomerRepository(EbeanServer server) {
+ *   public CustomerRepository(Database server) {
  *     super(Customer.class, server);
  *   }
  *
@@ -34,23 +34,23 @@ import java.util.Collection;
 public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
 
   /**
-   * Create with the given bean type and EbeanServer instance.
+   * Create with the given bean type and Database instance.
    * <p>
    * Typically users would extend BeanRepository rather than BeanFinder.
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   @Inject
-   *   public CustomerRepository(EbeanServer server) {
+   *   public CustomerRepository(Database server) {
    *     super(Customer.class, server);
    *   }
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
    * @param type   The bean type
-   * @param server The EbeanServer instance typically created via Spring factory or equivalent
+   * @param server The Database instance typically created via Spring factory or equivalent
    */
-  protected BeanRepository(Class<T> type, EbeanServer server) {
+  protected BeanRepository(Class<T> type, Database server) {
     super(type, server);
   }
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#markAsDirty(Object)
+   * @see Database#markAsDirty(Object)
    */
   public void markAsDirty(T bean) {
     db().markAsDirty(bean);
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * Ebean will detect if this is a new bean or a previously fetched bean and perform either an
    * insert or an update based on that.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#save(Object)
+   * @see Database#save(Object)
    */
   public void save(T bean) {
     db().save(bean);
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Update this entity.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#update(Object)
+   * @see Database#update(Object)
    */
   public void update(T bean) {
     db().update(bean);
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Insert this entity.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#insert(Object)
+   * @see Database#insert(Object)
    */
   public void insert(T bean) {
     db().insert(bean);
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * deleted. Note that, if JDBC batch mode is used then this always returns true.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#delete(Object)
+   * @see Database#delete(Object)
    */
   public boolean delete(T bean) {
     return db().delete(bean);
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * want to perform a hard/permanent delete.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#deletePermanent(Object)
+   * @see Database#deletePermanent(Object)
    */
   public boolean deletePermanent(T bean) {
     return db().deletePermanent(bean);
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * Ebean will detect if this is a new bean or a previously fetched bean and perform either an
    * insert or an update based on that.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#merge(Object)
+   * @see Database#merge(Object)
    */
   public void merge(T bean) {
     db().merge(bean);
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * Ebean will detect if this is a new bean or a previously fetched bean and perform either an
    * insert or an update based on that.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#merge(Object, MergeOptions)
+   * @see Database#merge(Object, MergeOptions)
    */
   public void merge(T bean, MergeOptions options) {
     db().merge(bean, options);
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Refreshes this entity from the database.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#refresh(Object)
+   * @see Database#refresh(Object)
    */
   public void refresh(T bean) {
     db().refresh(bean);

src/main/java/io/ebean/BeanState.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ public interface BeanState {
    *
    *   // set loaded state on the email property to false so that
    *   // the email property is not included in a stateless update
-   *   Ebean.getBeanState(user).setPropertyLoaded("email", false);
+   *   DB.getBeanState(user).setPropertyLoaded("email", false);
    *
    *   user.update();
    *
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ public interface BeanState {
   /**
    * Advanced - Used to programmatically build a partially or fully loaded
    * entity bean. First create an entity bean via
-   * {@link EbeanServer#createEntityBean(Class)}, then populate its properties
+   * {@link Database#createEntityBean(Class)}, then populate its properties
    * and then call this method specifying which properties where loaded or null
    * for a fully loaded entity bean.
    */
@@ -111,4 +112,10 @@ public interface BeanState {
    * Reset the bean putting it into NEW state such that a save() results in an insert.
    */
   void resetForInsert();
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a map with load erros.
+   */
+  @Nullable
+  Map<String, Exception> getLoadErrors();
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/CallableSql.java

@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  *
  * String sql = "{call sp_order_mod(?,?)}";
  *
- * CallableSql cs = Ebean.createCallableSql(sql);
+ * CallableSql cs = DB.createCallableSql(sql);
  * cs.setParameter(1, "turbo");
  * cs.registerOut(2, Types.INTEGER);
  *
- * Ebean.execute(cs);
+ * DB.execute(cs);
  *
  * // read the out parameter
  * Integer returnValue = (Integer) cs.getObject(2);
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  *
  * String sql = "{call sp_insert_order(?,?)}";
  *
- * CallableSql cs = Ebean.createCallableSql(sql);
+ * CallableSql cs = DB.createCallableSql(sql);
  *
  * // Inform Ebean this stored procedure inserts into the
  * // oe_order table and inserts + updates the oe_order_detail table.
@@ -46,35 +46,33 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  * cs.addModification("oe_order", true, false, false);
  * cs.addModification("oe_order_detail", true, true, false);
  *
- * Transaction t = Ebean.startTransaction();
  *
- * // execute using JDBC batching 10 statements at a time
- * t.setBatchMode(true);
- * t.setBatchSize(10);
- * try {
+ * try (Transaction t = DB.beginTransaction()) {
+ *
+ *   // execute using JDBC batching 10 statements at a time
+ *   t.setBatchMode(true);
+ *   t.setBatchSize(10);
+ *
  *   cs.setParameter(1, "Was");
  *   cs.setParameter(2, "Banana");
- *   Ebean.execute(cs);
+ *   DB.execute(cs);
  *
  *   cs.setParameter(1, "Here");
  *   cs.setParameter(2, "Kumera");
- *   Ebean.execute(cs);
+ *   DB.execute(cs);
  *
  *   cs.setParameter(1, "More");
  *   cs.setParameter(2, "Apple");
- *   Ebean.execute(cs);
+ *   DB.execute(cs);
  *
- *   // Ebean.externalModification("oe_order",true,false,false);
- *   // Ebean.externalModification("oe_order_detail",true,true,false);
- *   Ebean.commitTransaction();
+ *   // DB.externalModification("oe_order",true,false,false);
+ *   // DB.externalModification("oe_order_detail",true,true,false);
+ *   t.commit();
  *
- * } finally {
- *   Ebean.endTransaction();
  * }
  * }</pre>
  *
  * @see SqlUpdate
- * @see Ebean#execute(CallableSql)
  */
 public interface CallableSql {
 
@@ -173,7 +171,7 @@ public interface CallableSql {
    * Add table modification information to the TransactionEvent.
    * <p>
    * This would be similar to using the
-   * <code>Ebean.externalModification()</code> method. It may be easier and make
+   * <code>DB.externalModification()</code> method. It may be easier and make
    * more sense to set it here with the CallableSql.
    * </p>
    * <p>

src/main/java/io/ebean/DatabaseFactory.java

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package io.ebean;
+
+import io.ebean.config.ContainerConfig;
+import io.ebean.config.DatabaseConfig;
+
+/**
+ * Creates Database instances.
+ * <p>
+ * This uses either DatabaseConfig or properties in the application.properties file to
+ * configure and create a Database instance.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * The Database instance can either be registered with the DB singleton or
+ * not. The DB singleton effectively holds a map of Database by a name.
+ * If the Database is registered with the DB singleton you can retrieve it
+ * later via {@link DB#byName(String)}.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * One Database can be nominated as the 'default/primary' Database. Many
+ * methods on the DB singleton such as {@link DB#find(Class)} are just a
+ * convenient way of using the 'default/primary' Database.
+ * </p>
+ */
+public class DatabaseFactory {
+
+  /**
+   * Initialise the container with clustering configuration.
+   * <p>
+   * Call this prior to creating any Database instances or alternatively set the
+   * ContainerConfig on the ServerConfig when creating the first Database instance.
+   */
+  public static synchronized void initialiseContainer(ContainerConfig containerConfig) {
+    EbeanServerFactory.initialiseContainer(containerConfig);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create using ebean.properties to configure the server.
+   */
+  public static synchronized Database create(String name) {
+    return EbeanServerFactory.create(name);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create using the ServerConfig object to configure the server.
+   */
+  public static synchronized Database create(DatabaseConfig config) {
+    return EbeanServerFactory.create(config);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create using the ServerConfig additionally specifying a classLoader to use as the context class loader.
+   */
+  public static synchronized Database createWithContextClassLoader(DatabaseConfig config, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+    return EbeanServerFactory.createWithContextClassLoader(config, classLoader);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Shutdown gracefully all Database instances cleaning up any resources as required.
+   * <p>
+   * This is typically invoked via JVM shutdown hook and not explicitly called.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  public static synchronized void shutdown() {
+    EbeanServerFactory.shutdown();
+  }
+
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/DtoQuery.java

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import java.util.function.Predicate;
  *   String sql = "select id, name from customer where name like :name and status_code = :status";
  *
  *   List<CustomerDto> beans =
- *     Ebean.findDto(CustomerDto.class, sql)
+ *     DB.findDto(CustomerDto.class, sql)
  *     .setParameter("name", "Acme%")
  *     .setParameter("status", "ACTIVE")
  *     .findList();

src/main/java/io/ebean/Ebean.java

@@ -24,113 +24,26 @@ import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 
 /**
- * This Ebean object is effectively a singleton that holds a map of registered
- * {@link EbeanServer}s. It additionally provides a convenient way to use the
- * 'default' EbeanServer.
+ * Ebean is a registry of {@link Database} by name. Ebean has now been renamed to {@link DB}.
  * <p>
- * If you are using a Dependency Injection framework such as
- * <strong>Spring</strong> or <strong>Guice</strong> you will probably
- * <strong>NOT</strong> use this Ebean singleton object. Instead you will
- * configure and construct EbeanServer instances using {@link ServerConfig} and
- * {@link EbeanServerFactory} and inject those EbeanServer instances into your
- * data access objects.
- * </p>
+ * Ebean is effectively this is an alias for {@link DB} which is the new and improved name for Ebean.
  * <p>
- * In documentation "Ebean singleton" refers to this object.
- * </p>
- * <ul>
- * <li>There is one EbeanServer per Database (javax.sql.DataSource).</li>
- * <li>EbeanServers can be 'registered' with the Ebean singleton (put into its
- * map). Registered EbeanServer's can later be retrieved via
- * {@link #getServer(String)}.</li>
- * <li>One EbeanServer can be referred to as the 'default' EbeanServer. For
- * convenience, the Ebean singleton (this object) provides methods such as
- * {@link #find(Class)} that proxy through to the 'default' EbeanServer. This
- * can be useful for applications that use a single database.</li>
- * </ul>
- * <p>
- * For developer convenience Ebean has static methods that proxy through to the
- * methods on the <em>'default'</em> EbeanServer. These methods are provided for
- * developers who are mostly using a single database. Many developers will be
- * able to use the methods on Ebean rather than get a EbeanServer.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * EbeanServers can be created and used without ever needing or using the Ebean
- * singleton. Refer to {@link ServerConfig#setRegister(boolean)}.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * You can either programmatically create/register EbeanServers via
- * {@link EbeanServerFactory} or they can automatically be created and
- * registered when you first use the Ebean singleton. When EbeanServers are
- * created automatically they are configured using information in the
- * ebean.properties file.
- * </p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- *   // fetch shipped orders (and also their customer)
- *   List<Order> list = Ebean.find(Order.class)
- * 	  .fetch("customer")
- * 	  .where()
- * 	  .eq("status.code", Order.Status.SHIPPED)
- * 	  .findList();
- *
- *   // read/use the order list ...
- *   for (Order order : list) {
- * 	   Customer customer = order.getCustomer();
- * 	   ...
- *   }
- *
- * }</pre>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- *   // fetch order 10, modify and save
- *   Order order = Ebean.find(Order.class, 10);
- *
- *   OrderStatus shipped = Ebean.getReference(OrderStatus.class,"SHIPPED");
- *   order.setStatus(shipped);
- *   order.setShippedDate(shippedDate);
- *   ...
- *
- *   // implicitly creates a transaction and commits
- *   Ebean.save(order);
- *
- * }</pre>
- * <p>
- * When you have multiple databases and need access to a specific one the
- * {@link #getServer(String)} method provides access to the EbeanServer for that
- * specific database.
- * </p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- *   // Get access to the Human Resources EbeanServer/Database
- *   EbeanServer hrDb = Ebean.getServer("hr");
- *
- *   // fetch contact 3 from the HR database
- *   Contact contact = hrDb.find(Contact.class, 3);
- *
- *   contact.setName("I'm going to change");
- *   ...
- *
- *   // save the contact back to the HR database
- *   hrDb.save(contact);
- *
- * }</pre>
+ * The preference is to use DB and Database rather than Ebean and EbeanServer.
  */
 public final class Ebean {
   private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Ebean.class);
 
   static {
-    EbeanVersion.getVersion(); // initalizes the version class and logs the version.
+    EbeanVersion.getVersion(); // initialises the version class and logs the version.
   }
 
   /**
-   * Manages creation and cache of EbeanServers.
+   * Manages creation and cache of Databases.
    */
   private static final Ebean.ServerManager serverMgr = new Ebean.ServerManager();
 
   /**
-   * Helper class for managing fast and safe access and creation of
-   * EbeanServers.
+   * Helper class for managing fast and safe access and creation of Databases.
    */
   private static final class ServerManager {
 
@@ -147,7 +60,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
     private final Object monitor = new Object();
 
     /**
-     * The 'default' EbeanServer.
+     * The 'default' Database.
      */
     private EbeanServer defaultServer;
 
@@ -166,20 +79,20 @@ public final class Ebean {
         throw e;
 
       } catch (DataSourceConfigurationException e) {
-        String msg = "Configuration error creating DataSource for the default EbeanServer." +
+        String msg = "Configuration error creating DataSource for the default Database." +
           " This typically means a missing application-test.yaml or missing ebean-test-config dependency." +
           " See https://ebean.io/docs/trouble-shooting#datasource";
         throw new DataSourceConfigurationException(msg, e);
 
       } catch (Throwable e) {
-        logger.error("Error trying to create the default EbeanServer", e);
+        logger.error("Error trying to create the default Database", e);
         throw new RuntimeException(e);
       }
     }
 
     private EbeanServer getDefaultServer() {
       if (defaultServer == null) {
-        String msg = "The default EbeanServer has not been defined?";
+        String msg = "The default Database has not been defined?";
         msg += " This is normally set via the ebean.datasource.default property.";
         msg += " Otherwise it should be registered programmatically via registerServer()";
         throw new PersistenceException(msg);
@@ -201,7 +114,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Synchronized read, create and put of EbeanServers.
+     * Synchronized read, create and put of Databases.
      */
     private EbeanServer getWithCreate(String name) {
 
@@ -240,7 +153,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Get the EbeanServer for a given DataSource. If name is null this will
+   * Get the Database for a given DataSource. If name is null this will
    * return the 'default' EbeanServer.
    * <p>
    * This is provided to access EbeanServer for databases other than the
@@ -631,7 +544,8 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *   Customer customer = new Customer();
    *   customer.setId(7);
    *   customer.setName("ModifiedNameNoOCC");
-   *   ebeanServer.update(customer);
+   *
+   *   DB.update(customer);
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
@@ -1131,10 +1045,9 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *
    *   String sql = "select c.id, c.name from customer c where c.name like ? order by c.name";
    *
-   *   Query<Customer> query = ebeanServer.findNative(Customer.class, sql);
-   *   query.setParameter(1, "Rob%");
-   *
-   *   List<Customer> customers = query.findList();
+   *   List<Customer> customers = DB.findNative(Customer.class, sql)
+   *     .setParameter(1, "Rob%")
+   *     .findList()
    *
    * }</pre>
    *

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExampleExpression.java

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ package io.ebean;
  * example.setName("Rob%");
  * example.setNotes("%something%");
  *
- * List<Customer> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+ * List<Customer> list =
+ *     DB.find(Customer.class)
  *         .where()
  *         // pass the bean into the where() clause
  *         .exampleLike(example)
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  *     .includeZeros();
  *
  * List<Customer> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+ *     DB.find(Customer.class)
  *         .where()
  *         .add(qbe)
  *         .findList();

src/main/java/io/ebean/Expr.java

@@ -13,27 +13,15 @@ import java.util.Map;
  * {@link Query#where()}.
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * This provides a convenient way to create expressions for the 'Default'
- * server. It is actually a short cut for using the ExpressionFactory of the
- * 'default' EbeanServer.
+ * This provides a convenient way to create expressions for the default
+ * database.
  * <p>
- * See also {@link Ebean#getExpressionFactory()}
+ * See also {@link DB#getExpressionFactory()}
  * </p>
  * <p>
  * Creates standard common expressions for using in a Query Where or Having
  * clause.
  * </p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- * // Example: Using an Expr.or() method
- * Query<Order> query = Ebean.createQuery(Order.class);
- * query.where(
- *     Expr.or(Expr.eq("status", Order.NEW),
- *             Expr.gt("orderDate", lastWeek));
- *
- * List<Order> list = query.findList();
- * ...
- * }</pre>
  *
  * @see Query#where()
  */
@@ -64,11 +52,20 @@ public class Expr {
     return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().ieq(propertyName, value);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * In Range - property >= value1 and property < value2.
+   * <p>
+   * Unlike Between inRange is "half open" and usually more useful for use with dates or timestamps.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  public static Expression inRange(String propertyName, Object value1, Object value2) {
+    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().inRange(propertyName, value1, value2);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Between - property between the two given values.
    */
   public static Expression between(String propertyName, Object value1, Object value2) {
-
     return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().between(propertyName, value1, value2);
   }
 
@@ -76,7 +73,6 @@ public class Expr {
    * Between - value between two given properties.
    */
   public static Expression between(String lowProperty, String highProperty, Object value) {
-
     return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().betweenProperties(lowProperty, highProperty, value);
   }
 
@@ -242,6 +238,43 @@ public class Expr {
     return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().in(propertyName, values);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * In where null or empty values means that no predicate is added to the query.
+   * <p>
+   * That is, only add the IN predicate if the values are not null or empty.
+   * <p>
+   * Without this we typically need to code an <code>if</code> block to only add
+   * the IN predicate if the collection is not empty like:
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h3>Without inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where() // add some predicates
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW);
+   *
+   *   if (ids != null && !ids.isEmpty()) {
+   *     query.where().in("customer.id", ids);
+   *   }
+   *
+   *   query.findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Using inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     .inOrEmpty("customer.id", ids)
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  public static Expression inOrEmpty(String propertyName, Collection<?> values) {
+    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().inOrEmpty(propertyName, values);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Id Equal to - ID property is equal to the value.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExpressionFactory.java

@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ import java.util.Map;
  *     Expr.or(Expr.eq("status", Order.Status.NEW),
  *             Expr.gt("orderDate", lastWeek));
  *
- * Query<Order> query = Ebean.createQuery(Order.class);
- * query.where().add(newOrLastWeek);
- * List<Order> list = query.findList();
+ * List<Order> list = DB.find(Order.class)
+ *   .where().add(newOrLastWeek)
+ *   .findList();
  * ...
  * }</pre>
  *
@@ -122,6 +122,11 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression eq(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Equal To or Null - property equal to the given value or null.
+   */
+  Expression eqOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Not Equal To - property not equal to the given value.
    */
@@ -149,6 +154,33 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression ineObject(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * In Range - property >= value1 and property < value2.
+   * <p>
+   * Unlike Between inRange is "half open" and usually more useful for use with dates or timestamps.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  Expression inRange(String propertyName, Object value1, Object value2);
+
+  /**
+   * Value in Range between 2 properties.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *    .startDate.inRangeWith(endDate, now)
+   *
+   *    // which equates to
+   *    startDate <= now and (endDate > now or endDate is null)
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <p>
+   * This is a convenience expression combining a number of simple expressions.
+   * The most common use of this could be called "effective dating" where 2 date or
+   * timestamp columns represent the date range in which
+   */
+  Expression inRangeWith(String lowProperty, String highProperty, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Between - property between the two given values.
    */
@@ -159,6 +191,14 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression betweenProperties(String lowProperty, String highProperty, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Greater Than Or Null - property greater than the given value or null.
+   * <p>
+   * A convenient expression combining GT and Is Null.  Most often useful for range
+   * expressions where the top range value is nullable.
+   */
+  Expression gtOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Greater Than - property greater than the given value.
    */
@@ -170,6 +210,14 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression ge(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Less Than or Null - property less than the given value or null.
+   * <p>
+   * A convenient expression combining LT and Is Null.  Most often useful for range
+   * expressions where the bottom range value is nullable.
+   */
+  Expression ltOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Less Than - property less than the given value.
    */
@@ -277,6 +325,41 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression in(String propertyName, Collection<?> values);
 
+  /**
+   * In where null or empty values means that no predicate is added to the query.
+   * <p>
+   * That is, only add the IN predicate if the values are not null or empty.
+   * <p>
+   * Without this we typically need to code an <code>if</code> block to only add
+   * the IN predicate if the collection is not empty like:
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h3>Without inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where() // add some predicates
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW);
+   *
+   *   if (ids != null && !ids.isEmpty()) {
+   *     query.where().in("customer.id", ids);
+   *   }
+   *
+   *   query.findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Using inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     .inOrEmpty("customer.id", ids)
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  Expression inOrEmpty(String propertyName, Collection<?> values);
+
   /**
    * Not In - property has a value in the array of values.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExpressionList.java

@@ -226,6 +226,32 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   int update(Transaction transaction);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning true if a row is found.
+   * <p>
+   * The query is executed using max rows of 1 and will only select the id property.
+   * This method is really just a convenient way to optimise a query to perform a
+   * 'does a row exist in the db' check.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = query().where().eq("email", "rob@foo.com").exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example using a query bean:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = new QContact().email.equalTo("rob@foo.com").exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @return True if the query finds a matching row in the database
+   */
+  boolean exists();
+
   /**
    * Execute the query iterating over the results.
    *
@@ -290,23 +316,23 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Execute the query returning a list of values for a single property.
-   * <p>
+   *
    * <h3>Example 1:</h3>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .orderBy().asc("name")
    *      .findSingleAttributeList();
    *
    * }</pre>
-   * <p>
+   *
    * <h3>Example 2:</h3>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .setDistinct(true)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("status", Customer.Status.NEW)
@@ -323,11 +349,10 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Execute a query returning a single value of a single property/column.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  String name =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("id", 42)
    *      .findSingleAttribute();
@@ -408,10 +433,9 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * If maxRows is not set on the query prior to calling findPagedList() then a
    * PersistenceException is thrown.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .setFirstRow(50)
    *       .setMaxRows(20)
    *       .findPagedList();
@@ -478,7 +502,7 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   List<Customer> customers =
-   *       Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *       DB.find(Customer.class)
    *          .setDistinct(true)
    *          .select("name")     // only select the customer name
    *          .findList();
@@ -547,12 +571,11 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Extended version for setDistinct in conjunction with "findSingleAttributeList";
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<CountedValue<Order.Status>> orderStatusCount =
    *
-   *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *     DB.find(Order.class)
    *      .select("status")
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("orderDate", LocalDate.now().minusMonths(3))
@@ -657,7 +680,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Equal to expression for the value at the given path in the JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonEqualTo("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -672,7 +694,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Not Equal to - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonNotEqualTo("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -687,7 +708,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Greater than - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonGreaterThan("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -698,7 +718,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Greater than or equal to - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonGreaterOrEqual("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -709,7 +728,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Less than - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonLessThan("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -720,7 +738,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Less than or equal to - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonLessOrEqualTo("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -731,7 +748,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Between - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonBetween("content", "orderDate", lowerDateTime, upperDateTime)
@@ -742,21 +758,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Add an Expression to the list.
-   * <p>
-   * This returns the list so that add() can be chained.
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * <pre>{@code
-   *
-   * Query<Customer> query = Ebean.find(Customer.class);
-   * query.where()
-   *     .like("name","Rob%")
-   *     .eq("status", Customer.ACTIVE);
-   *
-   * List<Customer> list = query.findList();
-   * ...
-   *
-   * }</pre>
    */
   ExpressionList<T> add(Expression expr);
 
@@ -770,6 +771,11 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> eq(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Equal To or Null - property is equal to a given value or null.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> eqOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Not Equal To - property not equal to the given value.
    */
@@ -788,8 +794,35 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
   ExpressionList<T> ine(String propertyName, String value);
 
   /**
-   * Between - property between the two given values.
+   * Value in Range between 2 properties.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *    .startDate.inRangeWith(endDate, now)
+   *
+   *    // which equates to
+   *    startDate <= now and (endDate > now or endDate is null)
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <p>
+   * This is a convenience expression combining a number of simple expressions.
+   * The most common use of this could be called "effective dating" where 2 date or
+   * timestamp columns represent the date range in which
    */
+  ExpressionList<T> inRangeWith(String lowProperty, String highProperty, Object value);
+
+  /**
+   * In Range - property >= value1 and property < value2.
+   * <p>
+   * Unlike Between inRange is "half open" and usually more useful for use with dates or timestamps.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> inRange(String propertyName, Object value1, Object value2);
+
+    /**
+     * Between - property between the two given values.
+     */
   ExpressionList<T> between(String propertyName, Object value1, Object value2);
 
   /**
@@ -802,6 +835,11 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> gt(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Greater Than or Null - property greater than the given value or null.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> gtOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Greater Than or Equal to - property greater than or equal to the given
    * value.
@@ -813,6 +851,11 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> lt(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Less Than or Null - property less than the given value or null.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> ltOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Less Than or Equal to - property less than or equal to the given value.
    */
@@ -842,7 +885,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * To get control over the options you can create an ExampleExpression and set
    * those options such as case insensitive etc.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // create an example bean and set the properties
@@ -851,16 +893,15 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * example.setName("Rob%");
    * example.setNotes("%something%");
    *
-   * List&lt;Customer&gt; list = Ebean.find(Customer.class).where()
-   *     // pass the bean into the where() clause
-   *     .exampleLike(example)
-   *     // you can add other expressions to the same query
-   *     .gt("id", 2).findList();
+   * List<Customer> list =
+   *   DB.find(Customer.class)
+   *     .where().exampleLike(example)
+   *     .findList();
    *
    * }</pre>
    * <p>
    * Similarly you can create an ExampleExpression
-   * <p>
+   * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * Customer example = new Customer();
@@ -870,7 +911,7 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * // create a ExampleExpression with more control
    * ExampleExpression qbe = new ExampleExpression(example, true, LikeType.EQUAL_TO).includeZeros();
    *
-   * List<Customer> list = Ebean.find(Customer.class).where().add(qbe).findList();
+   * List<Customer> list = DB.find(Customer.class).where().add(qbe).findList();
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
@@ -947,6 +988,41 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> in(String propertyName, Collection<?> values);
 
+  /**
+   * In where null or empty values means that no predicate is added to the query.
+   * <p>
+   * That is, only add the IN predicate if the values are not null or empty.
+   * <p>
+   * Without this we typically need to code an <code>if</code> block to only add
+   * the IN predicate if the collection is not empty like:
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h3>Without inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where() // add some predicates
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW);
+   *
+   *   if (ids != null && !ids.isEmpty()) {
+   *     query.where().in("customer.id", ids);
+   *   }
+   *
+   *   query.findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Using inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     .inOrEmpty("customer.id", ids)
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> inOrEmpty(String propertyName, Collection<?> values);
+
   /**
    * In - using a subQuery.
    * <p>
@@ -1082,7 +1158,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Add expression for ALL of the given bit flags to be set.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * where().bitwiseAll("flags", BwFlags.HAS_BULK + BwFlags.HAS_COLOUR)
@@ -1096,7 +1171,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Add expression for the given bit flags to be NOT set.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * where().bitwiseNot("flags", BwFlags.HAS_COLOUR)
@@ -1147,6 +1221,13 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    *   raw("add_days(orderDate, 10) < ?", someDate)
    *
    * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h4>Subquery example:</h4>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   .raw("t0.customer_id in (select customer_id from customer_group where group_id = any(?::uuid[]))", groupIds)
+   *
+   * }</pre>
    */
   ExpressionList<T> raw(String raw, Object value);
 
@@ -1171,15 +1252,83 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * then they are not translated. logical property name names (not fully
    * qualified) will still be translated to their physical name.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   raw("orderQty < shipQty")
    *
    * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h4>Subquery example:</h4>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   .raw("t0.customer_id in (select customer_id from customer_group where group_id = any(?::uuid[]))", groupIds)
+   *
+   * }</pre>
    */
   ExpressionList<T> raw(String raw);
 
+  /**
+   * Only add the raw expression if the values is not null or empty.
+   * <p>
+   * This is a pure convenience expression to make it nicer to deal with the pattern where we use
+   * raw() expression with a subquery and only want to add the subquery predicate when the collection
+   * of values is not empty.
+   * </p>
+   * <h3>Without inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where() // add some predicates
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW);
+   *
+   *   // common pattern - we can use rawOrEmpty() instead
+   *   if (orderIds != null && !orderIds.isEmpty()) {
+   *     query.where().raw("t0.customer_id in (select o.customer_id from orders o where o.id in (?1))", orderIds);
+   *   }
+   *
+   *   query.findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Using rawOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * Note that in the example below we use the <code>?1</code> bind parameter to get  "parameter expansion"
+   * for each element in the collection.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     // only add the expression if orderIds is not empty
+   *     .rawOrEmpty("t0.customer_id in (select o.customer_id from orders o where o.id in (?1))", orderIds);
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Postgres ANY</h3>
+   * With Postgres we would often use the SQL <code>ANY</code> expression and array parameter binding
+   * rather than <code>IN</code>.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     .rawOrEmpty("t0.customer_id in (select o.customer_id from orders o where o.id = any(?))", orderIds);
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   * <p>
+   *   Note that we need to cast the Postgres array for UUID types like:
+   * </p>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   " ... = any(?::uuid[])"
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @param raw The raw expression that is typically a subquery
+   * @param values The values which is typically a list or set of id values.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> rawOrEmpty(String raw, Collection<?> values);
+
   /**
    * Add a match expression.
    *
@@ -1250,12 +1399,10 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * typically you only explicitly need to use the and() junction
    * when it is nested inside an or() or not() junction.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  // Example: Nested and()
    *
-   *  Ebean.find(Customer.class)
    *    .where()
    *    .or()
    *      .and() // nested and
@@ -1276,16 +1423,27 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * Return a list of expressions that will be joined by OR's.
    * This is exactly the same as disjunction();
    * <p>
-   * <p>
    * Use endOr() or endJunction() to end the OR junction.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *  // Example: (status active OR anniversary is null)
+   *
+   *    .where()
+   *    .or()
+   *      .eq("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
+   *      .isNull("anniversary")
+   *    .orderBy().asc("name")
+   *    .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  // Example: Use or() to join
    *  // two nested and() expressions
    *
-   *  Ebean.find(Customer.class)
    *    .where()
    *    .or()
    *      .and()
@@ -1309,8 +1467,8 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * Use endNot() or endJunction() to end expressions being added to the
    * NOT expression list.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * <pre>@{code
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
    *
    *    .where()
    *      .not()
@@ -1319,12 +1477,11 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    *        .endNot()
    *
    * }</pre>
-   * <p>
-   * <pre>@{code
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // Example: nested not()
    *
-   * Ebean.find(Customer.class)
    *   .where()
    *     .eq("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
    *     .not()

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExtendedServer.java

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
+import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiQuery;
+import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiTransaction;
+
 import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
 import javax.persistence.NonUniqueResultException;
@@ -12,7 +15,7 @@ import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
 /**
- * The extended API for EbeanServer.
+ * The extended API for Database.
  * <p>
  * This provides the finder methods that take an explicit transaction rather than obtaining
  * the transaction from the usual mechanism (which is ThreadLocal based).
@@ -23,7 +26,7 @@ import java.util.function.Predicate;
  * the transaction to use.
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * Note that in all cases the transaction supplied can be null and in this case the EbeanServer
+ * Note that in all cases the transaction supplied can be null and in this case the Database
  * will use the normal mechanism to obtain the transaction to use.
  * </p>
  */
@@ -42,6 +45,32 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    */
   void setClock(Clock clock);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning true if a row is found.
+   * <p>
+   * The query is executed using max rows of 1 and will only select the id property.
+   * This method is really just a convenient way to optimise a query to perform a
+   * 'does a row exist in the db' check.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = query().where().eq("email", "rob@foo.com").exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example using a query bean:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = new QContact().email.equalTo("rob@foo.com").exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @return True if the query finds a matching row in the database
+   */
+  <T> boolean exists(SpiQuery<?> ormQuery, SpiTransaction transaction);
+
   /**
    * Return the number of 'top level' or 'root' entities this query should return.
    *
@@ -92,7 +121,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   *     DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .where().eq("status", Order.Status.NEW)
    *       .order().asc("id")
    *       .findEach((Order order) -> {
@@ -126,7 +155,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   *     DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .where().eq("status", Order.Status.NEW)
    *       .order().asc("id")
    *       .findEachWhile((Order order) -> {
@@ -165,8 +194,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .findList();
    *
@@ -243,7 +271,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .setFirstRow(50)
    *       .setMaxRows(20)
    *       .findPagedList();
@@ -272,8 +300,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Set<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * Set<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .findSet();
    *
@@ -312,7 +339,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .orderBy().asc("name")
    *      .findSingleAttributeList();
@@ -322,7 +349,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .setDistinct(true)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("status", Customer.Status.NEW)
@@ -384,7 +411,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
   /**
    * Execute the update query returning the number of rows updated.
    * <p>
-   * The update query must be created using {@link EbeanServer#update(Class)}.
+   * The update query must be created using {@link Database#update(Class)}.
    * </p>
    *
    * @param query       the update query to execute

src/main/java/io/ebean/FetchConfig.java

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  * // Normal fetch join results in a single SQL query
- * List<Order> list = Ebean.find(Order.class).fetch("details").findList();
+ * List<Order> list = DB.find(Order.class).fetch("details").findList();
  *
  * // Find Orders join details using a single SQL query
  * }</pre>
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  *
  * // This will use 2 SQL queries to build this object graph
  * List<Order> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *     DB.find(Order.class)
  *         .fetch("details", new FetchConfig().query())
  *         .findList();
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  *
  * // This will use 3 SQL queries to build this object graph
  * List<Order> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *     DB.find(Order.class)
  *         .fetch("details", new FetchConfig().query())
  *         .fetch("customer", new FetchConfig().queryFirst(5))
  *         .findList();
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  * <pre>{@code
  * // This will use 3 SQL queries to build this object graph
  * List<Order> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *     DB.find(Order.class)
  *         .select("status, shipDate")
  *         .fetch("details", "quantity, price", new FetchConfig().query())
  *         .fetch("details.product", "sku, name")
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  * List<Order> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *     DB.find(Order.class)
  *         .fetch("customer", new FetchConfig().query(10).lazy(5))
  *         .findList();
  *
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- * List<Order> list = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ * List<Order> list = DB.find(Order.class)
  *   .fetch("customer","name", new FetchConfig().lazy(5))
  *   .fetch("customer.contacts","contactName, phone, email")
  *   .fetch("customer.shippingAddress")

src/main/java/io/ebean/Filter.java

@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ import java.util.Set;
  * // get a list of entities (query execution statistics in this case)
  *
  * List<MetaQueryStatistic> list =
- *     Ebean.find(MetaQueryStatistic.class).findList();
+ *     DB.find(MetaQueryStatistic.class).findList();
  *
  * long nowMinus24Hrs = System.currentTimeMillis() - 24 * (1000 * 60 * 60);
  *
  * // sort and filter the list returning a filtered list...
  *
  * List<MetaQueryStatistic> filteredList =
- *     Ebean.filter(MetaQueryStatistic.class)
+ *     DB.filter(MetaQueryStatistic.class)
  *         .sort("avgTimeMicros desc")
  *         .gt("executionCount", 0)
  *         .gt("lastQueryTime", nowMinus24Hrs)
@@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ import java.util.Set;
  * // get a list of entities (query execution statistics)
  *
  * List<Order> orders =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class).findList();
+ *     DB.find(Order.class).findList();
  *
  * // Apply a filter...
  *
  * List<Order> filteredOrders =
- *     Ebean.filter(Order.class)
+ *     DB.filter(Order.class)
  *         .startsWith("customer.name", "Rob")
  *         .eq("customer.shippingAddress.city", "Auckland")
  *         .filter(orders);

src/main/java/io/ebean/Finder.java

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package io.ebean;
 
 import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
-
 import java.util.List;
 
 /**
@@ -14,8 +13,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  * </p>
  * <h3>Testing</h3>
  * <p>
- * For testing the mocki-ebean project has the ability to replace the finder implementation
- * <p>
+ * For testing the mocki-ebean project has the ability to replace the finder implementation.
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
@@ -25,7 +23,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  *     super(Customer.class);
  *   }
  *
- *   // Add your customer finder methods ...
+ *   // Add finder methods ...
  *
  *   public Customer byName(String name) {
  *     return query().eq("name", name).findOne();
@@ -46,6 +44,15 @@ import java.util.List;
  *   ...
  *
  * }</pre>
+ * <p>
+ *  When the Finder is registered as a field on Customer it can then be used like:
+ * </p>
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *
+ *   Customer rob = Customer.find.byName("Rob");
+ *
+ * }</pre>
+ *
  */
 public class Finder<I, T> {
 
@@ -55,9 +62,9 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   private final Class<T> type;
 
   /**
-   * The name of the EbeanServer, null for the default server.
+   * The name of the database this finder will use, null for the default database.
    */
-  private final String serverName;
+  private final String _$dbName;
 
   /**
    * Create with the type of the entity bean.
@@ -82,15 +89,15 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
    */
   public Finder(Class<T> type) {
     this.type = type;
-    this.serverName = null;
+    this._$dbName = null;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Create with the type of the entity bean and specific server name.
+   * Create with the type of the entity bean and specific database name.
    */
-  public Finder(Class<T> type, String serverName) {
+  public Finder(Class<T> type, String databaseName) {
     this.type = type;
-    this.serverName = serverName;
+    this._$dbName = databaseName;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -108,30 +115,27 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return the underlying 'default' EbeanServer.
-   * <p>
-   * This provides full access to the API such as explicit transaction demarcation etc.
+   * Return the Database this finder will use.
    */
-  public EbeanServer db() {
-    return Ebean.getServer(serverName);
+  public Database db() {
+    return DB.byName(_$dbName);
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return typically a different EbeanServer to the default.
+   * Return typically a different Database to the default.
    * <p>
-   * This is equivalent to {@link Ebean#getServer(String)}
+   * This is equivalent to {@link DB#byName(String)}
    *
-   * @param server The name of the EbeanServer. If this is null then the default EbeanServer is
-   *               returned.
+   * @param databaseName The name of the Database. If this is null then the default database is returned.
    */
-  public EbeanServer db(String server) {
-    return Ebean.getServer(server);
+  public Database db(String databaseName) {
+    return DB.byName(databaseName);
   }
 
   /**
    * Creates an entity reference for this ID.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#getReference(Class, Object)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#getReference(Class, Object)}
    */
   @Nonnull
   public T ref(I id) {
@@ -141,7 +145,7 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Retrieves an entity by ID.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#find(Class, Object)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#find(Class, Object)}
    */
   @Nullable
   public T byId(I id) {
@@ -151,7 +155,7 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Delete a bean by Id.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#delete(Class, Object)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#delete(Class, Object)}
    */
   public void deleteById(I id) {
     db().delete(type, id);
@@ -181,7 +185,7 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
    * }</pre>
    *
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#update(Class)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#update(Class)}
    */
   public UpdateQuery<T> update() {
     return db().update(type);
@@ -190,7 +194,7 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Creates a query.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#find(Class)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#find(Class)}
    */
   public Query<T> query() {
     return db().find(type);

src/main/java/io/ebean/FutureList.java

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  *  // create a query to find all orders
- * Query<Order> query = Ebean.find(Order.class);
+ * Query<Order> query = DB.find(Order.class);
  *
  *  // execute the query in a background thread
  *  // immediately returning the futureList

src/main/java/io/ebean/Junction.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  * Query q =
- *     Ebean.find(Person.class)
+ *     DB.find(Person.class)
  *       .where()
  *         .or()
  *           .like("name", "Rob%")
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  * Query q =
- *     Ebean.find(Person.class)
+ *     DB.find(Person.class)
  *       .where()
  *         .or()
  *           .like("name", "Rob%")
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  * Query<Customer> q =
- *  Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+ *  DB.find(Customer.class)
  *      .where()
  *        .or()
  *          .and()

src/main/java/io/ebean/Model.java

@@ -11,15 +11,15 @@ import io.ebean.bean.EntityBean;
  * Ebean users.
  * <p>
  * Note that there is a ebean-mocker project that enables you to use Mockito or similar
- * tools to still mock out the underlying 'default EbeanServer' for testing purposes.
+ * tools to still mock out the underlying 'default Database' for testing purposes.
  * <p>
  * You may choose not use this Model mapped superclass if you don't like the 'Active Record' style
  * or if you believe it 'pollutes' your entity beans.
  * <p>
- * You can use Dependency Injection like Guice or Spring to construct and wire a EbeanServer instance
+ * You can use Dependency Injection like Guice or Spring to construct and wire a Database instance
  * and have that same instance used with this Model and Finder. The way that works is that when the
- * DI container creates the EbeanServer instance it can be registered with the Ebean singleton. In this
- * way the EbeanServer instance can be injected as per normal Guice / Spring dependency injection and
+ * DI container creates the Database instance it can be registered with DB. In this
+ * way the Database instance can be injected as per normal Guice / Spring dependency injection and
  * that same instance also used to support the Model and Finder active record style.
  * <p>
  * If you choose to use the Model mapped superclass you will probably also chose to additionally add
@@ -76,15 +76,14 @@ import io.ebean.bean.EntityBean;
 public abstract class Model {
 
   /**
-   * Return the underlying 'default' EbeanServer.
+   * Return the underlying 'default' Database.
    * <p>
    * This provides full access to the API such as explicit transaction demarcation etc.
    * <p>
    * Example:
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Transaction transaction = Customer.db().beginTransaction();
-   * try {
+   * try (Transaction transaction = Customer.db().beginTransaction()) {
    *
    *   // turn off cascade persist for this transaction
    *   transaction.setPersistCascade(false);
@@ -104,26 +103,21 @@ public abstract class Model {
    *
    *   transaction.commit();
    *
-   * } finally {
-   *   transaction.end();
    * }
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  public static EbeanServer db() {
-    return Ebean.getDefaultServer();
+  public static Database db() {
+    return DB.getDefault();
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return a named EbeanServer that is typically different to the default server.
-   * <p>
-   * If you are using multiple databases then each database has a name and maps to a single
-   * EbeanServer. You can use this method to get an EbeanServer for another database.
+   * Return a named Database that is typically different to the default database.
    *
-   * @param server The name of the EbeanServer. If this is null then the default EbeanServer is returned.
+   * @param server The name of the Database. If this is null then the default Database is returned.
    */
-  public static EbeanServer db(String server) {
-    return Ebean.getServer(server);
+  public static Database db(String server) {
+    return DB.byName(server);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -146,7 +140,7 @@ public abstract class Model {
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#markAsDirty(Object)
+   * @see Database#markAsDirty(Object)
    */
   public void markAsDirty() {
     db().markAsDirty(this);
@@ -182,7 +176,7 @@ public abstract class Model {
    * Ebean will detect if this is a new bean or a previously fetched bean and perform either an
    * insert or an update based on that.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#save(Object)
+   * @see Database#save(Object)
    */
   public void save() {
     db().save(this);
@@ -202,7 +196,7 @@ public abstract class Model {
   /**
    * Update this entity.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#update(Object)
+   * @see Database#update(Object)
    */
   public void update() {
     db().update(this);
@@ -211,7 +205,7 @@ public abstract class Model {
   /**
    * Insert this entity.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#insert(Object)
+   * @see Database#insert(Object)
    */
   public void insert() {
     db().insert(this);
@@ -232,7 +226,7 @@ public abstract class Model {
    * deleted. Note that, if JDBC batch mode is used then this always returns true.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#delete(Object)
+   * @see Database#delete(Object)
    */
   public boolean delete() {
     return db().delete(this);
@@ -245,7 +239,7 @@ public abstract class Model {
    * want to perform a hard/permanent delete.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#deletePermanent(Object)
+   * @see Database#deletePermanent(Object)
    */
   public boolean deletePermanent() {
     return db().deletePermanent(this);
@@ -275,7 +269,7 @@ public abstract class Model {
   /**
    * Refreshes this entity from the database.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#refresh(Object)
+   * @see Database#refresh(Object)
    */
   public void refresh() {
     db().refresh(this);

src/main/java/io/ebean/OrderBy.java

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import io.ebean.util.StringHelper;
 
 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
@@ -412,15 +411,15 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
 
     String[] chunks = orderByClause.split(",");
     for (String chunk : chunks) {
-      String[] pairs = chunk.split(" ");
-      Property p = parseProperty(pairs);
+      Property p = parseProperty(chunk);
       if (p != null) {
         list.add(p);
       }
     }
   }
 
-  private Property parseProperty(String[] pairs) {
+  private Property parseProperty(String chunk) {
+    String[] pairs = chunk.split(" ");
     if (pairs.length == 0) {
       return null;
     }
@@ -446,8 +445,7 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
       boolean asc = isAscending(wordList.get(1));
       return new Property(wordList.get(0), asc, wordList.get(2), wordList.get(3));
     }
-    String m = "Expecting a 1, 2 or 4 words in [" + Arrays.toString(pairs) + "] but got " + wordList;
-    throw new RuntimeException(m);
+    return new Property(chunk.trim(), true);
   }
 
   private boolean isAscending(String s) {

src/main/java/io/ebean/PagedList.java

@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.Future;
  *     // We want to find the first 50 new orders
  *     //  ... so we don't really need setFirstRow(0)
  *
- *     PagedList<Order> pagedList
- *       = ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+ *     PagedList<Order> pagedList = DB.find(Order.class)
  *       .where().eq("status", Order.Status.NEW)
  *       .order().asc("id")
  *       .setFirstRow(0)

src/main/java/io/ebean/Pairs.java

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  *   pairs.add("sj2", 1001);
  *   pairs.add("pf3", 1000);
  *
- *   List<OCachedNatKeyBean3> list = Ebean.find(OCachedNatKeyBean3.class)
+ *   List<OCachedNatKeyBean3> list = DB.find(OCachedNatKeyBean3.class)
  *   .where()
  *   .eq("store", "def")
  *   .inPairs(pairs)       // IN clause with 'pairs' of values

src/main/java/io/ebean/Query.java

@@ -19,10 +19,7 @@ import java.util.function.Predicate;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- * List<Order> orderList =
- *   ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
- *     .fetch("customer")
- *     .fetch("details")
+ * List<Order> orderList = DB.find(Order.class)
  *     .where()
  *       .like("customer.name","rob%")
  *       .gt("orderDate",lastWeek)
@@ -38,29 +35,14 @@ import java.util.function.Predicate;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  * String oql =
- *   	+" fetch customer "
- *   	+" fetch details "
  *   	+" where customer.name like :custName and orderDate > :minOrderDate "
  *   	+" order by customer.id, id desc "
  *   	+" limit 50 ";
  *
- * Query<Order> query = ebeanServer.createQuery(Order.class, oql);
- * query.setParameter("custName", "Rob%");
- * query.setParameter("minOrderDate", lastWeek);
- *
- * List<Order> orderList = query.findList();
- * ...
- * }</pre>
- * <p>
- * Example: Using a named query called "with.cust.and.details"
- * </p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- * Query<Order> query = ebeanServer.createNamedQuery(Order.class,"with.cust.and.details");
- * query.setParameter("custName", "Rob%");
- * query.setParameter("minOrderDate", lastWeek);
- *
- * List<Order> orderList = query.findList();
+ * List<Order> orderList = DB.createQuery(Order.class, oql)
+ *   .setParameter("custName", "Rob%")
+ *   .setParameter("minOrderDate", lastWeek)
+ *   .findList();
  * ...
  * }</pre>
  * <h3>AutoTune</h3>
@@ -372,6 +354,27 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   Query<T> setAutoTune(boolean autoTune);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query allowing properties with invalid JSON to be collected and not fail the query.
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   // fetch a bean with JSON content
+   *   EBasicJsonList bean= DB.find(EBasicJsonList.class)
+   *       .setId(42)
+   *       .setAllowLoadErrors()  // collect errors into bean state if we have invalid JSON
+   *       .findOne();
+   *
+   *
+   *   // get the invalid JSON errors from the bean state
+   *   Map<String, Exception> errors = server().getBeanState(bean).getLoadErrors();
+   *
+   *   // If this map is not empty tell we have invalid JSON
+   *   // and should try and fix the JSON content or inform the user
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  Query<T> setAllowLoadErrors();
+
   /**
    * Set the default lazy loading batch size to use.
    * <p>
@@ -415,8 +418,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     // Only fetch the customer id, name and status.
    *     // This is described as a "Partial Object"
    *     .select("name, status")
@@ -444,8 +446,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // query orders...
-   * List<Order> orders =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * List<Order> orders = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       // fetch the customer...
    *       // ... getting the customers name and phone number
    *       .fetch("customer", "name, phoneNumber")
@@ -460,8 +461,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // fetch customers (their id, name and status)
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .select("name, status")
    *     .fetch("contacts", "firstName,lastName,email")
    *     .findList();
@@ -530,8 +530,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // fetch customers (their id, name and status)
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .select("name, status")
    *     .fetch("contacts", "firstName,lastName,email", new FetchConfig().lazy(10))
    *     .findList();
@@ -552,8 +551,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // fetch customers (their id, name and status)
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     // eager fetch the contacts
    *     .fetch("contacts")
    *     .findList();
@@ -616,8 +614,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // fetch customers (their id, name and status)
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     // lazy fetch contacts with a batch size of 100
    *     .fetch("contacts", new FetchConfig().lazy(100))
    *     .findList();
@@ -637,7 +634,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   /**
    * Execute the query returning the list of Id's.
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    */
   @Nonnull
@@ -659,12 +656,11 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * the jdbc statement and resultSet are closed at the end of the iteration.
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  Query<Customer> query =
-   *    ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   *  Query<Customer> query = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().eq("status", Status.NEW)
    *     .order().asc("id");
    *
@@ -711,7 +707,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   *  DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().eq("status", Status.NEW)
    *     .order().asc("id")
    *     .findEach((Customer customer) -> {
@@ -740,7 +736,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   *  DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .fetch("contacts", new FetchConfig().query(2))
    *     .where().eq("status", Status.NEW)
    *     .order().asc("id")
@@ -763,12 +759,11 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   /**
    * Execute the query returning the list of objects.
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .findList();
    *
@@ -780,12 +775,11 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   /**
    * Execute the query returning the set of objects.
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Set<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * Set<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .findSet();
    *
@@ -797,7 +791,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   /**
    * Execute the query returning a map of the objects.
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    * <p>
    * You can use setMapKey() so specify the property values to be used as keys
@@ -805,8 +799,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Map<String, Product> map =
-   *   ebeanServer.find(Product.class)
+   * Map<String, Product> map = DB.find(Product.class)
    *     .setMapKey("sku")
    *     .findMap();
    *
@@ -822,7 +815,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .orderBy().asc("name")
    *      .findSingleAttributeList();
@@ -833,7 +826,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .setDistinct(true)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("status", Customer.Status.NEW)
@@ -854,7 +847,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  String name =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("id", 42)
    *      .findSingleAttribute();
@@ -868,6 +861,37 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   boolean isCountDistinct();
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning true if a row is found.
+   * <p>
+   * The query is executed using max rows of 1 and will only select the id property.
+   * This method is really just a convenient way to optimise a query to perform a
+   * 'does a row exist in the db' check.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example using a query bean:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists =
+   *     new QContact()
+   *       .email.equalTo("rob@foo.com")
+   *       .exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = query()
+   *     .where().eq("email", "rob@foo.com")
+   *     .exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @return True if the query finds a matching row in the database
+   */
+  boolean exists();
+
   /**
    * Execute the query returning either a single bean or null (if no matching
    * bean is found).
@@ -882,8 +906,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // assuming the sku of products is unique...
-   * Product product =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Product.class)
+   * Product product = DB.find(Product.class)
    *         .where().eq("sku", "aa113")
    *         .findOne();
    * ...
@@ -895,8 +918,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // Fetch order 1 and additionally fetch join its order details...
-   * Order order =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * Order order = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .setId(1)
    *       .fetch("details")
    *       .findOne();
@@ -1037,7 +1059,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .setFirstRow(50)
    *       .setMaxRows(20)
    *       .findPagedList();
@@ -1062,11 +1084,9 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * // a query with a named parameter
    * String oql = "find order where status = :orderStatus";
    *
-   * Query<Order> query = ebeanServer.find(Order.class, oql);
-   *
-   * // bind the named parameter
-   * query.bind("orderStatus", OrderStatus.NEW);
-   * List<Order> list = query.findList();
+   * List<Order> list = DB.find(Order.class, oql)
+   *   .setParameter("orderStatus", OrderStatus.NEW)
+   *   .findList();
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
@@ -1084,12 +1104,9 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * // a query with a positioned parameter
    * String oql = "where status = ? order by id desc";
    *
-   * Query<Order> query = ebeanServer.createQuery(Order.class, oql);
-   *
-   * // bind the parameter
-   * query.setParameter(1, OrderStatus.NEW);
-   *
-   * List<Order> list = query.findList();
+   * List<Order> list = DB.createQuery(Order.class, oql)
+   *   .setParameter(1, OrderStatus.NEW)
+   *   .findList();
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
@@ -1106,8 +1123,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Order order =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * Order order = DB.find(Order.class)
    *     .setId(1)
    *     .fetch("details")
    *     .findOne();
@@ -1128,8 +1144,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * Add a single Expression to the where clause returning the query.
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Order> newOrders =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * List<Order> newOrders = DB.find(Order.class)
    * 		.where().eq("status", Order.NEW)
    * 		.findList();
    * ...
@@ -1144,8 +1159,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * where clause.
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Order> orders =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * List<Order> orders = DB.find(Order.class)
    *     .where()
    *       .eq("status", Order.NEW)
    *       .ilike("customer.name","rob%")
@@ -1191,10 +1205,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Customer> list =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
-   *     // .fetch("orders", new FetchConfig().lazy())
-   *     // .fetch("orders", new FetchConfig().query())
+   * List<Customer> list = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .fetch("orders")
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .filterMany("orders").eq("status", Order.Status.NEW).gt("orderDate", lastWeek)
@@ -1208,8 +1219,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    *
    * @param propertyName the name of the many property that you want to have a filter on.
-   * @return the expression list that you add filter expressions for the many
-   * to.
+   * @return the expression list that you add filter expressions for the many to.
    */
   ExpressionList<T> filterMany(String propertyName);
 
@@ -1323,7 +1333,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   List<Customer> customers =
-   *       Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *       DB.find(Customer.class)
    *          .setDistinct(true)
    *          .select("name")
    *          .findList();
@@ -1339,7 +1349,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    *
    *  List<CountedValue<Order.Status>> orderStatusCount =
    *
-   *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *     DB.find(Order.class)
    *      .select("status")
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("orderDate", LocalDate.now().minusMonths(3))
@@ -1395,10 +1405,8 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    *
    * // Assuming sku is unique for products...
    *
-   * Map<String,Product> productMap =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Product.class)
-   *     // use sku for keys...
-   *     .setMapKey("sku")
+   * Map<String,Product> productMap = DB.find(Product.class)
+   *     .setMapKey("sku")  // sku map keys...
    *     .findMap();
    *
    * }</pre>
@@ -1570,11 +1578,50 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   Query<T> alias(String alias);
 
+  /**
+   * Set the base table to use for this query.
+   * <p>
+   * Typically this is used when a table has partitioning and we wish to specify a specific
+   * partition/table to query against.
+   * </p>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   QOrder()
+   *   .setBaseTable("order_2019_05")
+   *   .status.equalTo(Status.NEW)
+   *   .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  Query<T> setBaseTable(String baseTable);
+
   /**
    * Return the type of beans being queried.
    */
   Class<T> getBeanType();
 
+  /**
+   * Restrict the query to only return subtypes of the given inherit type.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   List<Animal> animals =
+   *     new QAnimal()
+   *       .name.startsWith("Fluffy")
+   *       .setInheritType(Cat.class)
+   *       .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @param type An inheritance subtype of the
+   */
+  Query<T> setInheritType(Class<? extends T> type);
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the inherit type. This is normally the same as getBeanType() returns as long as no other type is set.
+   */
+  Class<? extends T> getInheritType();
+
   /**
    * Return the type of query being executed.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/RawSql.java

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  *     // .columnMapping("sum(d.order_qty*d.unit_price)", "totalAmount")
  *     .create();
  *
- *   List<OrderAggregate> list = Ebean.find(OrderAggregate.class)
+ *   List<OrderAggregate> list = DB.find(OrderAggregate.class)
  *       .setRawSql(rawSql)
  *       .where().gt("order.id", 0)
  *       .having().gt("totalAmount", 20)
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  *     .columnMappingIgnore("'ignoreMe'")
  *     .create();
  *
- *   List<OrderAggregate> orders = Ebean.find(OrderAggregate.class)
+ *   List<OrderAggregate> orders = DB.find(OrderAggregate.class)
  *     .setRawSql(rawSql)
  *     .fetch("order", "status,orderDate", new FetchConfig().query())
  *     .fetch("order.customer", "name")
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  *       .tableAliasMapping("p", "details.product")
  *       .create();
  *
- *  List<Order> ordersFromRaw = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *  List<Order> ordersFromRaw = DB.find(Order.class)
  *       .setRawSql(rawSql)
  *       .setParameter("maxOrderId", 2)
  *       .setParameter("productId", 1)

src/main/java/io/ebean/RowConsumer.java

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  *
  *  String sql = "select id, name, status from o_customer order by name desc";
  *
- *  Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
+ *  DB.sqlQuery(sql)
  *    .findEachRow((resultSet, rowNum) -> {
  *
  *      // read directly from ResultSet

src/main/java/io/ebean/RowMapper.java

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  *
  *   String sql = "select id, name, status from o_customer where name = ?";
  *
- *  CustomerDto rob = Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
+ *  CustomerDto rob = DB.sqlQuery(sql)
  *    .setParameter(1, "Rob")
  *    .findOne(CUSTOMER_MAPPER);
  *

src/main/java/io/ebean/ScriptRunner.java

@@ -13,20 +13,8 @@ import java.util.Map;
  * <h3>Example of simple use</h3>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   EbeanServer server = Ebean.getDefaultServer();
- *   server.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql");
- *
- * }</pre>
- *
- *
- * <h3>Example using place holders in the script</h3>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- *   Map<String,String> placeholders = new HashMap<>();
- *   placeholders.put("tableName", "e_basic");
- *
- *   EbeanServer server = Ebean.getDefaultServer();
- *   server.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql");
+ *   Database database = DB.getDefault();
+ *   database.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql");
  *
  * }</pre>
  */
@@ -45,8 +33,8 @@ public interface ScriptRunner {
    *   Map<String,String> placeholders = new HashMap<>();
    *   placeholders.put("tableName", "e_basic");
    *
-   *   EbeanServer server = Ebean.getDefaultServer();
-   *   server.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql");
+   *   Database database = DB.getDefault();
+   *   database.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql", placeholders);
    *
    * }</pre>
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/SqlQuery.java

@@ -10,34 +10,30 @@ import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
 /**
- * Query object for performing native SQL queries that return SqlRow's.
- * <p>
- * Firstly note that you can use your own sql queries with <em>entity beans</em>
- * by using the SqlSelect annotation. This should be your first approach when
- * wanting to use your own SQL queries.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * If ORM Mapping is too tight and constraining for your problem then SqlQuery
- * could be a good approach.
- * </p>
+ * Query object for performing native SQL queries that return SqlRow or directly read
+ * ResultSet using a RowMapper.
  * <p>
  * The returned SqlRow objects are similar to a LinkedHashMap with some type
  * conversion support added.
  * </p>
  * <p>
+ * Refer to {@link DtoQuery} for native sql queries returning DTO beans.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * Refer to {@link Database#findNative(Class, String)} for native sql queries returning entity beans.
+ * </p>
+ *
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   // its typically a good idea to use a named query
- *   // and put the sql in the orm.xml instead of in your code
+ *   // example using named parameters
  *
  *   String sql = "select id, name from customer where name like :name and status_code = :status";
  *
- *   SqlQuery sqlQuery = Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql);
- *   sqlQuery.setParameter("name", "Acme%");
- *   sqlQuery.setParameter("status", "ACTIVE");
- *
- *   // execute the query returning a List of MapBean objects
- *   List<SqlRow> list = sqlQuery.findList();
+ *   List<SqlRow> list =
+ *     DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+ *       .setParameter("name", "Acme%")
+ *       .setParameter("status", "ACTIVE")
+ *       .findList();
  *
  * }</pre>
  */
@@ -104,7 +100,7 @@ public interface SqlQuery extends Serializable {
    *
    *  String sql = "select id, name, status from customer order by name desc";
    *
-   *  Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
+   *  DB.sqlQuery(sql)
    *    .findEachRow((resultSet, rowNum) -> {
    *
    *      // read directly from ResultSet
@@ -134,7 +130,7 @@ public interface SqlQuery extends Serializable {
    *
    *   String sql = "select max(unit_price) from o_order_detail where order_qty > ?";
    *
-   *   BigDecimal maxPrice = Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
+   *   BigDecimal maxPrice = DB.sqlQuery(sql)
    *     .setParameter(1, 2)
    *     .findSingleAttribute(BigDecimal.class);
    *
@@ -176,9 +172,10 @@ public interface SqlQuery extends Serializable {
    *   " order by (unit_price * order_qty) desc";
    *
    *   //
-   *   List<BigDecimal> lineAmounts = Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
-   *     .setParameter(1, 3)
-   *     .findSingleAttributeList(BigDecimal.class);
+   *   List<BigDecimal> lineAmounts =
+   *     DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *       .setParameter(1, 3)
+   *       .findSingleAttributeList(BigDecimal.class);
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
@@ -195,6 +192,33 @@ public interface SqlQuery extends Serializable {
    */
   SqlQuery setParameter(String name, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Set one of more positioned parameters.
+   * <p>
+   * This is a convenient alternative to multiple calls setParameter().
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   String sql = "select id, name from customer where name like ? and status = ?";
+   *
+   *   List<SqlRow> list =
+   *     DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *       .setParams("Rob", Status.NEW)
+   *       .findList();
+   *
+   *
+   *   // is the same as ...
+   *
+   *   List<SqlRow> list =
+   *     DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *       .setParameter(1, "Rob")
+   *       .setParameter(2, "Status.NEW)
+   *       .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  SqlQuery setParams(Object... values);
+
   /**
    * The same as bind for positioned parameters.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/SqlUpdate.java

@@ -16,20 +16,33 @@ package io.ebean;
  * notify Ebean of external changes and enable Ebean to maintain it's "L2"
  * server cache.
  * </p>
- * <p>
+ *
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   // example that uses 'named' parameters
+ *   // example using 'positioned' parameters
  *
- *   String s = "UPDATE f_topic set post_count = :count where id = :id";
+ *   String sql = "insert into audit_log (group, title, description) values (?, ?, ?);
  *
- *   SqlUpdate update = Ebean.createSqlUpdate(s);
- *   update.setParameter("id", 1);
- *   update.setParameter("count", 50);
+ *   int rows =
+ *     DB.sqlUpdate(sql)
+ *       .setParams("login", "new user", "user rob was created")
+ *       .executeNow();
  *
- *   int modifiedCount = update.execute();
+ * }</pre>
  *
- *   String msg = "There were " + modifiedCount + " rows updated";
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *
+ *   // example using 'named' parameters
+ *
+ *   String sql = "update topic set post_count = :count where id = :id";
+ *
+ *   int rows =
+ *     DB.sqlUpdate(sql)
+ *       .setParameter("id", 1)
+ *       .setParameter("count", 50)
+ *       .execute();
+ *
+ *   String msg = "There were " + rows + " rows updated";
  *
  * }</pre>
  * <p>
@@ -37,9 +50,10 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  *  String sql = "insert into audit_log (id, description, modified_description) values (?,?,?)";
- *  SqlUpdate insert = Ebean.createSqlUpdate(sql);
  *
- *  try (Transaction txn = Ebean.beginTransaction()) {
+ *  SqlUpdate insert = DB.sqlUpdate(sql);
+ *
+ *  try (Transaction txn = DB.beginTransaction()) {
  *    txn.setBatchMode(true);
  *
  *    insert.setNextParameter(10000);
@@ -65,7 +79,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   try (Transaction txn = Ebean.beginTransaction()) {
+ *   try (Transaction txn = DB.beginTransaction()) {
  *
  *     insert.setNextParameter(10000);
  *     insert.setNextParameter("hello");
@@ -217,6 +231,33 @@ public interface SqlUpdate {
    */
   SqlUpdate setTimeout(int secs);
 
+  /**
+   * Set one of more positioned parameters.
+   * <p>
+   * This is a convenient alternative to multiple setParameter() calls.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   String sql = "insert into audit_log (id, name, version) values (?,?,?)";
+   *
+   *   DB.sqlUpdate(sql)
+   *       .setParams(UUID.randomUUID(), "Hello", 1)
+   *       .executeNow();
+   *
+   *
+   *   // is the same as ...
+   *
+   *   DB.sqlUpdate(sql)
+   *       .setParameter(1, UUID.randomUUID())
+   *       .setParameter(2, "Hello")
+   *       .setParameter(3, 1)
+   *       .executeNow();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   */
+  SqlUpdate setParams(Object... values);
+
   /**
    * Set the next positioned parameter.
    *

src/main/java/io/ebean/Transaction.java

@@ -14,18 +14,17 @@ import java.sql.Connection;
 public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
 
   /**
-   * Return the current transaction (of the default server) or null if there is
+   * Return the current transaction (of the default database) or null if there is
    * no current transaction in scope.
    * <p>
-   * This is the same as <code>Ebean.currentTransaction()</code>
+   * This is the same as <code>DB.currentTransaction()</code>
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * This returns the current transaction for the 'default server'.  If you are using
-   * multiple EbeanServer's then use {@link EbeanServer#currentTransaction()}.
+   * This returns the current transaction for the default database.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see Ebean#currentTransaction()
-   * @see EbeanServer#currentTransaction()
+   * @see DB#currentTransaction()
+   * @see Database#currentTransaction()
    */
   static Transaction current() {
     return Ebean.currentTransaction();
@@ -244,8 +243,7 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    *
    *   // assume Customer has L2 bean caching enabled ...
    *
-   *   Transaction transaction = Ebean.beginTransaction();
-   *   try {
+   *   try (Transaction transaction = DB.beginTransaction()) {
    *
    *     // this uses L2 bean cache as the transaction
    *     // ... is considered "query only" at this point
@@ -253,7 +251,7 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    *
    *     // transaction no longer "query only" once
    *     // ... a bean has been saved etc
-   *     Ebean.save(someBean);
+   *     someBean.save();
    *
    *     // will NOT use L2 bean cache as the transaction
    *     // ... is no longer considered "query only"
@@ -273,8 +271,7 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    *     Customer.find.byId(99); // skips l2 bean cache
    *
    *
-   *   } finally {
-   *     transaction.end();
+   *     transaction.commit();
    *   }
    *
    * }</pre>
@@ -290,36 +287,66 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
   boolean isSkipCache();
 
   /**
-   * Turn on or off statement batching. Statement batching can be transparent
-   * for drivers and databases that support getGeneratedKeys. Otherwise you may
-   * wish to specifically control when batching is used via this method.
-   * <p>
-   * Refer to <code>java.sql.PreparedStatement.addBatch();</code>
-   * <p>
-   * Note that you may also wish to use the setPersistCascade method to stop
-   * save and delete cascade behaviour. You may do this to have full control
-   * over the order of execution rather than the normal cascading fashion.
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * Note that the <em>execution order</em> in batch mode may be different from
-   * non batch mode execution order. Also note that <em>insert behaviour</em>
-   * may be different depending on the JDBC driver and its support for
-   * getGeneratedKeys. That is, for JDBC drivers that do not support
-   * getGeneratedKeys you may not get back the generated IDs (used for inserting
-   * associated detail beans etc).
-   * </p>
+   * Turn on or off use of JDBC statement batching.
    * <p>
    * Calls to save(), delete(), insert() and execute() all support batch
-   * processing. This includes normal beans, MapBean, CallableSql and UpdateSql.
+   * processing. This includes normal beans, CallableSql and UpdateSql.
    * </p>
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   * try (Transaction transaction = server.beginTransaction()) {
+   *
+   *   // turn on JDBC batch
+   *   transaction.setBatchMode(true);
+   *
+   *   // tune the batch size
+   *   transaction.setBatchSize(50);
+   *
+   *   ...
+   *
+   *   transaction.commit();
+   * }
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>getGeneratedKeys</h3>
    * <p>
-   * The flushing of the batched statements is automatic but you can call
-   * batchFlush when you like. Note that flushing occurs when a query is
-   * executed or when you mix UpdateSql and CallableSql with save and delete of
+   * Often with large batch inserts we want to turn off getGeneratedKeys. We do
+   * this via {@link #setBatchGetGeneratedKeys(boolean)}.
+   * Also note that some JDBC drivers do not support getGeneratedKeys in JDBC batch mode.
+   * </p>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   * try (Transaction transaction = server.beginTransaction()) {
+   *
+   *   transaction.setBatchMode(true);
+   *   transaction.setBatchSize(100);
+   *   // insert but don't bother getting back the generated keys
+   *   transaction.setBatchGetGeneratedKeys(false);
+   *
+   *
+   *   // perform lots of inserts ...
+   *   ...
+   *
+   *   transaction.commit();
+   * }
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Flush</h3>
+   * <p>
+   * The batch is automatically flushed when it hits the batch size and also when we
+   * execute queries or when we mix UpdateSql and CallableSql with save and delete of
    * beans.
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * Example: batch processing executing every 3 rows
+   * We use {@link #flush()} to explicitly flush the batch and we can use
+   * {@link #setBatchFlushOnQuery(boolean)} and {@link #setBatchFlushOnMixed(boolean)}
+   * to control the automatic flushing behaviour.
+   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * Example: batch processing of CallableSql executing every 10 rows
    * </p>
    *
    * <pre>{@code
@@ -334,24 +361,21 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    * CallableSql cs = new CallableSql(sql);
    * cs.registerOut(2, Types.INTEGER);
    *
-   * // (optional) inform eBean this stored procedure
+   * // (optional) inform Ebean this stored procedure
    * // inserts into a table called sp_test
    * cs.addModification("sp_test", true, false, false);
    *
-   * Transaction txn = ebeanServer.beginTransaction();
-   * txn.setBatchMode(true);
-   * txn.setBatchSize(3);
-   * try {
+   * try (Transaction txn = DB.beginTransaction()) {
+   *   txn.setBatchMode(true);
+   *   txn.setBatchSize(10);
+   *
    *   for (int i = 0; i < da.length;) {
    *     cs.setParameter(1, da[i]);
-   *     ebeanServer.execute(cs);
+   *     DB.execute(cs);
    *   }
    *
-   *   // NB: commit implicitly flushes
+   *   // Note: commit implicitly flushes
    *   txn.commit();
-   *
-   * } finally {
-   *   txn.end();
    * }
    *
    * }</pre>

src/main/java/io/ebean/Update.java

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- * Update<Topic> update = Ebean.createUpdate(Topic.class, "incrementPostCount");
+ * Update<Topic> update = DB.createUpdate(Topic.class, "incrementPostCount");
  * update.setParameter("id", 1);
  * int rows = update.execute();
  *

src/main/java/io/ebean/UpdateQuery.java

@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *  int rows = ebeanServer
- *      .update(Customer.class)
+ *  int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
  *      .set("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
  *      .set("updtime", new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()))
  *      .where()
@@ -39,8 +38,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   int rows = ebeanServer
- *       .update(Customer.class)
+ *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
  *       .set("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
  *       .set("updtime", new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()))
  *       .where()
@@ -73,8 +71,7 @@ public interface UpdateQuery<T> {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   int rows = ebeanServer
-   *      .update(Customer.class)
+   *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
    *      .set("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
    *      .set("updtime", new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()))
    *      .where()
@@ -93,8 +90,7 @@ public interface UpdateQuery<T> {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   int rows = ebeanServer
-   *      .update(Customer.class)
+   *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
    *      .setNull("notes")
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("id", 1000)
@@ -114,8 +110,7 @@ public interface UpdateQuery<T> {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   int rows = ebeanServer
-   *      .update(Customer.class)
+   *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
    *      .setRaw("status = coalesce(status, 'A')")
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("id", 1000)
@@ -134,8 +129,7 @@ public interface UpdateQuery<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   int rows = ebeanServer
-   *      .update(Customer.class)
+   *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
    *      .setRaw("status = coalesce(status, ?)", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("id", 1000)

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/BeanCollectionLoader.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ package io.ebean.bean;
 public interface BeanCollectionLoader {
 
   /**
-   * Return the name of the associated EbeanServer.
+   * Return the name of the associated Database.
    */
   String getName();
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/BeanLoader.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ package io.ebean.bean;
 public interface BeanLoader {
 
   /**
-   * Return the name of the associated EbeanServer.
+   * Return the name of the associated Database.
    */
   String getName();
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/EntityBeanIntercept.java

@@ -98,6 +98,8 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
 
   private Object[] origValues;
 
+  private Exception[] loadErrors;
+
   private int lazyLoadProperty = -1;
 
   private Object ownerId;
@@ -1115,4 +1117,36 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   public void setSortOrder(int sortOrder) {
     this.sortOrder = sortOrder;
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Set the load error that happened on this property.
+   */
+  public void setLoadError(int propertyIndex, Exception t) {
+    if (loadErrors == null) {
+      loadErrors = new Exception[owner._ebean_getPropertyNames().length];
+    }
+    loadErrors[propertyIndex] = t;
+    flags[propertyIndex] |= FLAG_LOADED_PROP;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the loadErrors.
+   */
+  public Map<String, Exception> getLoadErrors() {
+    if (loadErrors == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    Map<String, Exception> ret = null;
+    int len = getPropertyLength();
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      Exception loadError = loadErrors[i];
+      if (loadError != null) {
+        if (ret == null) {
+          ret = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        }
+        ret.put(getProperty(i), loadError);
+      }
+    }
+    return ret;
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/AbstractBeanCollection.java

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ abstract class AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements BeanCollection<E> {
   protected boolean disableLazyLoad;
 
   /**
-   * The EbeanServer this is associated with. (used for lazy fetch).
+   * The Database this is associated with. (used for lazy fetch).
    */
   protected transient BeanCollectionLoader loader;
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/AutoConfigure.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
 /**
- * Used to provide some automatic configuration early in the creation of an EbeanServer.
+ * Used to provide some automatic configuration early in the creation of a Database.
  */
 public interface AutoConfigure {
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/AutoTuneConfig.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
 /**
- * Defines the AutoTune behaviour for a EbeanServer.
+ * Defines the AutoTune behaviour for a Database.
  */
 public class AutoTuneConfig {
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/ContainerConfig.java

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package io.ebean.config;
 import java.util.Properties;
 
 /**
- * Configuration for the container that holds the EbeanServer instances.
+ * Configuration for the container that holds the Database instances.
  * <p>
  * Provides configuration for cluster communication (if clustering is used). The cluster communication is
  * used to invalidate appropriate parts of the L2 cache across the cluster.

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/DatabaseConfig.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package io.ebean.config;
+
+import io.ebean.DatabaseFactory;
+
+/**
+ * The configuration used for creating a Database.
+ * <p>
+ * Used to programmatically construct an Database and optionally register it
+ * with the DB singleton.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * If you just use DB thout this programmatic configuration Ebean will read
+ * the application.properties file and take the configuration from there. This usually
+ * includes searching the class path and automatically registering any entity
+ * classes and listeners etc.
+ * </p>
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *
+ * DatabaseConfig config = new DatabaseConfig();
+ *
+ * // read the ebean.properties and load
+ * // those settings into this serverConfig object
+ * config.loadFromProperties();
+ *
+ * // explicitly register the entity beans to avoid classpath scanning
+ * config.addClass(Customer.class);
+ * config.addClass(User.class);
+ *
+ * Database db = DatabaseFactory.create(config);
+ *
+ * }</pre>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Note that ServerConfigProvider provides a standard Java ServiceLoader mechanism that can
+ * be used to apply configuration to the DatabaseConfig.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @author emcgreal
+ * @author rbygrave
+ * @see DatabaseFactory
+ */
+public class DatabaseConfig extends ServerConfig {
+
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/DbMigrationConfig.java

@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public class DbMigrationConfig {
    * <p>
    * The default of "dbmigration" is reasonable in most cases. You may look to set this
    * to be something like "dbmigration/myapp" where myapp gives it a unique resource path
-   * in the case there are multiple EbeanServer applications in the single classpath.
+   * in the case there are multiple Database applications in the single classpath.
    * </p>
    */
   public void setMigrationPath(String migrationPath) {

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/PlatformConfig.java

@@ -47,6 +47,11 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
    */
   private DbUuid dbUuid = DbUuid.AUTO_VARCHAR;
 
+  /**
+   * Set to true to force InetAddress to map to Varchar (for Postgres rather than INET)
+   */
+  private boolean databaseInetAddressVarchar;
+
   /**
    * Modify the default mapping of standard types such as default precision for DECIMAL etc.
    */
@@ -181,6 +186,20 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
     this.idType = idType;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return true if InetAddress should map to varchar column (rather than Postgres INET).
+   */
+  public boolean isDatabaseInetAddressVarchar() {
+    return databaseInetAddressVarchar;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set to true to force InetAddress to map to varchar column.
+   */
+  public void setDatabaseInetAddressVarchar(boolean databaseInetAddressVarchar) {
+    this.databaseInetAddressVarchar = databaseInetAddressVarchar;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Add a custom type mapping.
    * <p>
@@ -235,6 +254,7 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
     databaseSequenceBatchSize = p.getInt("databaseSequenceBatchSize", databaseSequenceBatchSize);
     databaseBooleanTrue = p.get("databaseBooleanTrue", databaseBooleanTrue);
     databaseBooleanFalse = p.get("databaseBooleanFalse", databaseBooleanFalse);
+    databaseInetAddressVarchar = p.getBoolean("databaseInetAddressVarchar", databaseInetAddressVarchar);
 
     DbUuid dbUuid = p.getEnum(DbUuid.class, "dbuuid", null);
     if (dbUuid != null) {

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/ServerConfig.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonFactory;
-import io.ebean.EbeanServerFactory;
+import io.ebean.DatabaseFactory;
 import io.ebean.PersistenceContextScope;
 import io.ebean.Query;
 import io.ebean.Transaction;
@@ -44,30 +44,30 @@ import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.ServiceLoader;
 
 /**
- * The configuration used for creating a EbeanServer.
+ * The configuration used for creating a Database.
  * <p>
- * Used to programmatically construct an EbeanServer and optionally register it
- * with the Ebean singleton.
+ * Used to programmatically construct a Database and optionally register it
+ * with the DB singleton.
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * If you just use Ebean without this programmatic configuration Ebean will read
- * the ebean.properties file and take the configuration from there. This usually
+ * If you just use DB without this programmatic configuration DB will read
+ * the application.properties file and take the configuration from there. This usually
  * includes searching the class path and automatically registering any entity
  * classes and listeners etc.
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- * ServerConfig c = new ServerConfig();
+ * ServerConfig config = new ServerConfig();
  *
  * // read the ebean.properties and load
  * // those settings into this serverConfig object
- * c.loadFromProperties();
+ * config.loadFromProperties();
  *
  * // explicitly register the entity beans to avoid classpath scanning
- * c.addClass(Customer.class);
- * c.addClass(User.class);
+ * config.addClass(Customer.class);
+ * config.addClass(User.class);
  *
- * EbeanServer server = EbeanServerFactory.create(c);
+ * Database database = DatabaseFactory.create(config);
  *
  * }</pre>
  *
@@ -78,12 +78,12 @@ import java.util.ServiceLoader;
  *
  * @author emcgreal
  * @author rbygrave
- * @see EbeanServerFactory
+ * @see DatabaseFactory
  */
 public class ServerConfig {
 
   /**
-   * The EbeanServer name.
+   * The Database name.
    */
   private String name = "db";
 
@@ -106,12 +106,12 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   private String resourceDirectory;
 
   /**
-   * Set to true to register this EbeanServer with the Ebean singleton.
+   * Set to true to register this Database with the DB singleton.
    */
   private boolean register = true;
 
   /**
-   * Set to true if this is the default/primary server.
+   * Set to true if this is the default/primary database.
    */
   private boolean defaultServer = true;
 
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   private DocStoreConfig docStoreConfig = new DocStoreConfig();
 
   /**
-   * Set to true when the EbeanServer only uses Document store.
+   * Set to true when the Database only uses Document store.
    */
   private boolean docStoreOnly;
 
@@ -252,6 +252,8 @@ public class ServerConfig {
 
   private boolean ddlRun;
 
+  private boolean ddlExtra = true;
+
   private boolean ddlCreateOnly;
 
   private String ddlInitSql;
@@ -348,7 +350,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   /**
    * Behaviour of updates in JDBC batch to by default include all properties.
    */
-  private boolean updateAllPropertiesInBatch = true;
+  private boolean updateAllPropertiesInBatch;
 
   /**
    * Default behaviour for updates when cascade save on a O2M or M2M to delete any missing children.
@@ -520,7 +522,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   private boolean idGeneratorAutomatic = true;
 
   /**
-   * Construct a Server Configuration for programmatically creating an EbeanServer.
+   * Construct a Database Configuration for programmatically creating an Database.
    */
   public ServerConfig() {
 
@@ -691,14 +693,14 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return the name of the EbeanServer.
+   * Return the name of the Database.
    */
   public String getName() {
     return name;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Set the name of the EbeanServer.
+   * Set the name of the Database.
    */
   public void setName(String name) {
     this.name = name;
@@ -707,8 +709,8 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   /**
    * Return the container / clustering configuration.
    * <p/>
-   * The container holds all the EbeanServer instances and provides clustering communication
-   * services to all the EbeanServer instances.
+   * The container holds all the Database instances and provides clustering communication
+   * services to all the Database instances.
    */
   public ContainerConfig getContainerConfig() {
     return containerConfig;
@@ -717,8 +719,8 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   /**
    * Set the container / clustering configuration.
    * <p/>
-   * The container holds all the EbeanServer instances and provides clustering communication
-   * services to all the EbeanServer instances.
+   * The container holds all the Database instances and provides clustering communication
+   * services to all the Database instances.
    */
   public void setContainerConfig(ContainerConfig containerConfig) {
     this.containerConfig = containerConfig;
@@ -758,8 +760,8 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Set false if you do not want this EbeanServer to be registered as the "default" server
-   * with the Ebean singleton.
+   * Set false if you do not want this Database to be registered as the "default" database
+   * with the DB singleton.
    * <p>
    * This is only used when {@link #setRegister(boolean)} is also true.
    * </p>
@@ -1545,14 +1547,14 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return true if this EbeanServer is a Document store only instance (has no JDBC DB).
+   * Return true if this Database is a Document store only instance (has no JDBC DB).
    */
   public boolean isDocStoreOnly() {
     return docStoreOnly;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Set to true if this EbeanServer is Document store only instance (has no JDBC DB).
+   * Set to true if this Database is Document store only instance (has no JDBC DB).
    */
   public void setDocStoreOnly(boolean docStoreOnly) {
     this.docStoreOnly = docStoreOnly;
@@ -1952,16 +1954,16 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return true if the EbeanServer instance should be created in offline mode.
+   * Return true if the Database instance should be created in offline mode.
    */
   public boolean isDbOffline() {
     return dbOffline;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Set to true if the EbeanServer instance should be created in offline mode.
+   * Set to true if the Database instance should be created in offline mode.
    * <p>
-   * Typically used to create an EbeanServer instance for DDL Migration generation
+   * Typically used to create an Database instance for DDL Migration generation
    * without requiring a real DataSource / Database to connect to.
    * </p>
    */
@@ -2116,6 +2118,16 @@ public class ServerConfig {
     this.ddlRun = ddlRun;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Set to false if you not want to run the extra-ddl.xml scripts. (default = true)
+   * <p>
+   * Typically we want this on when we are running tests.
+   */
+  public void setDdlExtra(boolean ddlExtra) {
+    this.ddlExtra = ddlExtra;
+  }
+
+
   /**
    * Return true if the "drop all ddl" should be skipped.
    * <p>
@@ -2186,6 +2198,13 @@ public class ServerConfig {
     return ddlRun;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return true, if extra-ddl.xml should be executed.
+   */
+  public boolean isDdlExtra() {
+    return ddlExtra;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return true if the class path search should be disabled.
    */
@@ -2195,7 +2214,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
 
   /**
    * Set to true to disable the class path search even for the case where no entity bean classes
-   * have been registered. This can be used to start an EbeanServer instance just to use the
+   * have been registered. This can be used to start an Database instance just to use the
    * SQL functions such as SqlQuery, SqlUpdate etc.
    */
   public void setDisableClasspathSearch(boolean disableClasspathSearch) {
@@ -2309,8 +2328,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
    *
    *   // assume Customer has L2 bean caching enabled ...
    *
-   *   Transaction transaction = Ebean.beginTransaction();
-   *   try {
+   *   try (Transaction transaction = DB.beginTransaction()) {
    *
    *     // this uses L2 bean cache as the transaction
    *     // ... is considered "query only" at this point
@@ -2318,7 +2336,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
    *
    *     // transaction no longer "query only" once
    *     // ... a bean has been saved etc
-   *     Ebean.save(someBean);
+   *     DB.save(someBean);
    *
    *     // will NOT use L2 bean cache as the transaction
    *     // ... is no longer considered "query only"
@@ -2337,9 +2355,6 @@ public class ServerConfig {
    *     transaction.setSkipCache(true);
    *     Customer.find.byId(99); // skips l2 bean cache
    *
-   *
-   *   } finally {
-   *     transaction.end();
    *   }
    *
    * }</pre>
@@ -2407,7 +2422,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return true if the ebeanServer should collection query statistics by ObjectGraphNode.
+   * Return true if query statistics should be collected by ObjectGraphNode.
    */
   public boolean isCollectQueryStatsByNode() {
     return collectQueryStatsByNode;
@@ -2962,6 +2977,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
 
     ddlGenerate = p.getBoolean("ddl.generate", ddlGenerate);
     ddlRun = p.getBoolean("ddl.run", ddlRun);
+    ddlExtra = p.getBoolean("ddl.extra", ddlExtra);
     ddlCreateOnly = p.getBoolean("ddl.createOnly", ddlCreateOnly);
     ddlInitSql = p.get("ddl.initSql", ddlInitSql);
     ddlSeedSql = p.get("ddl.seedSql", ddlSeedSql);

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbPlatformTypeMapping.java

@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ public class DbPlatformTypeMapping {
 
   private static final DbPlatformType BOOLEAN_LOGICAL = new BooleanLogicalType();
 
+  private static final DbPlatformType INET_NATIVE = new DbPlatformType("inet", false);
+  private static final DbPlatformType INET_VARCHAR = new DbPlatformType("varchar", 50);
+
   private static final DbPlatformType UUID_NATIVE = new DbPlatformType("uuid", false);
   @SuppressWarnings("unused")
   private static final DbPlatformType UUID_PLACEHOLDER = new DbPlatformType("uuidPlaceholder");
@@ -106,6 +109,7 @@ public class DbPlatformTypeMapping {
       put(DbType.JSONBLOB, new DbPlatformType("jsonblob"));
       put(DbType.JSONVARCHAR, new DbPlatformType("jsonvarchar", 1000));
       put(DbType.UUID, UUID_NATIVE);
+      put(DbType.INET, INET_NATIVE);
 
     } else {
       put(DbType.VARCHAR, new DbPlatformType("varchar", 255));
@@ -121,6 +125,7 @@ public class DbPlatformTypeMapping {
       put(DbType.JSONVARCHAR, JSON_VARCHAR_PLACEHOLDER);
       // default to native UUID and override on platform configure()
       put(DbType.UUID, UUID_NATIVE);
+      put(DbType.INET, INET_VARCHAR);
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbType.java

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ public enum DbType {
   ARRAY(Types.ARRAY),
 
   UUID(ExtraDbTypes.UUID),
+  INET(ExtraDbTypes.INET),
+  CDIR(ExtraDbTypes.CDIR),
 
   POINT(ExtraDbTypes.POINT),
   POLYGON(ExtraDbTypes.POLYGON),

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/ExtraDbTypes.java

@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ public interface ExtraDbTypes {
    */
   int JSONBlob = 5005;
 
+  int INET = 5020;
+  int CDIR = 5021;
+
   /**
    * Geo Point
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/postgres/PostgresPlatform.java

@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ public class PostgresPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     DbPlatformType dbBytea = new DbPlatformType("bytea", false);
 
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.UUID, new DbPlatformType("uuid", false));
+    dbTypeMap.put(DbType.INET, new DbPlatformType("inet", false));
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.HSTORE, new DbPlatformType("hstore", false));
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.JSON, new DbPlatformType("json", false));
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.JSONB, new DbPlatformType("jsonb", false));

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/package.html

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 <HTML>
 <HEAD>
   <META HTTP-EQUIV="CONTENT-TYPE" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
-  <TITLE>Configuration settings for EbeanServer construction</TITLE>
+  <TITLE>Configuration settings for Database construction</TITLE>
 </HEAD>
 <Body BGCOLOR="#ffffff">
-Configuration settings for EbeanServer construction
+Configuration settings for Database construction
 
 </Body>
 </HTML>

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/properties/Loader.java

@@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ class Loader {
       if (fileName != null) {
         loadWithExtensionCheck(fileName);
       }
+    } else {
+        loadWithExtensionCheck(fileName);
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/dbmigration/DbMigration.java

@@ -50,6 +50,11 @@ public interface DbMigration {
     throw new IllegalStateException("No service implementation found for DbMigration?");
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Set to false to suppress logging to System out.
+   */
+  void setLogToSystemOut(boolean logToSystemOut);
+
   /**
    * Set the path from the current working directory to the application resources.
    * <p>

src/main/java/io/ebean/event/BeanPersistController.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ package io.ebean.event;
  * <p>
  * Note that getTransaction() on the PersistRequest returns the transaction used
  * for the insert, update, delete or fetch. To explicitly use this same
- * transaction you should use this transaction via methods on EbeanServer.
+ * transaction you should use this transaction via methods on Database.
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *

src/main/java/io/ebean/event/BeanPostConstructListener.java

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebean.event;
 
-import io.ebean.EbeanServer;
+import io.ebean.Database;
 
 /**
  * Fired after a bean is constructed, but not yet loaded from database.
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import io.ebean.EbeanServer;
  * properties will get unload. Use {@link BeanPostLoad} instead.
  * <p>
  * it's intended to do some dependency-injection here.
- * If you plan to use this feature you should use {@link EbeanServer#createEntityBean(Class)}
+ * If you plan to use this feature you should use {@link Database#createEntityBean(Class)}
  * to create new beans.
  * </p>
  */
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ public interface BeanPostConstructListener {
   void postConstruct(Object bean);
 
   /**
-   * Called after {@link EbeanServer#createEntityBean(Class)}. Only for new beans.
+   * Called after {@link Database#createEntityBean(Class)}. Only for new beans.
    * intended to set default values here.
    */
   void postCreate(Object bean);

src/main/java/io/ebean/meta/MetaInfoManager.java

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package io.ebean.meta;
 import java.util.List;
 
 /**
- * Provides access to the meta data in EbeanServer such as query execution statistics.
+ * Provides access to the meta data in Database such as query execution statistics.
  */
 public interface MetaInfoManager {
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/meta/package-info.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 /**
- * Meta data that can be retrieved for the EbeanServer.
+ * Meta data that can be retrieved for a Database instance.
  */
 package io.ebean.meta;

src/main/java/io/ebean/overview.html

@@ -3,130 +3,24 @@
   <title>Ebean API</title>
 </head>
 <body BGCOLOR="#ffffff">
-Ebean Object Relational Mapping (start at
-<a href='com/avaje/ebean/EbeanServer.html'>EbeanServer</a> or <a href='com/avaje/ebean/Ebean.html'>Ebean</a>).
+Ebean Object Relational Mapping -
+<a href='io/ebean/Database.html'>Database</a> or <a href='io/ebean/DB.html'>DB</a>).
 
 
-<h3>Ebean</h3>
+<h4><a href='io/ebean/Database.html'>Database</a></h4>
 <p>
-  Provides the main API for fetching and persisting beans with Ebean.
+  Database provides the main API for fetching and persisting beans.
 </p>
+
+<h4><a href='io/ebean/DB.html'>DB</a></h4>
 <p>
-  For a full description of the query language refer to <a href="com/avaje/ebean/Query.html">Query</a>.
+  DB holds a registry of Database instances by name.
 </p>
+
+<h4><a href='https://ebean.io/docs/query'>Query</a></h4>
 <p>
-  &nbsp;
+  Review the documentation for the query capabilities.
 </p>
-<div id="overviewexamples">
-  <h3>
-    EXAMPLE 1: Simple fetch
-  </h3>
-  <pre>{@code
-// fetch order 10
-Order order = Ebean.find(Order.class, 10);
-}</pre>
-
-  <h3>
-    EXAMPLE 2: Fetch an Object with associations
-  </h3>
-  <pre>{@code
-// fetch Customer 7 including their billing and shipping addresses
-Customer customer = Ebean.find(Customer.class)
-    .fetch("billingAddress");
-    .fetch("shippingAddress");
-    .setId(7)
-    .findOne();
-
-
-Address billAddr = customer.getBillingAddress();
-Address shipAddr = customer.getShippingAddress();
-}</pre>
-
-  <h3>
-    EXAMPLE 3: Fetch a list of Objects with associations
-  </h3>
-  <pre>{@code
-// Note: This example shows a "Partial Object".
-//       For the product objects associated with the
-//       order details only the product id and name is
-//       fetched (the product objects are partially populated).
-
-// fetch orders for customer.id = 2
-List<Order> orderList = Ebean.find(Order.class);
-    .fetch("customer")
-    .fetch("customer.shippingAddress")
-    .fetch("details")
-    .fetch("details.product","name")
-    .where().eq("customer.id",2)
-    .findList();
-
-
-// Note: Only the product id and name is fetched for the
-//       product details. This is referred to as a
-//       "Partial Object" (one that is partially populated).
-
-
-// code that traverses the object graph...
-
-Order order = orderList.get(0);
-Customer customer = order.getCustomer();
-Address shipAddr = customer.getShippingAddress();
-
-List<OrderDetail> details = order.getDetails();
-OrderDetail detail = details.get(0);
-Product product = detail.getProduct();
-String productName = product.getName();
-
-}</pre>
-
-  <h3>
-    EXAMPLE 4: Create and save an Order
-  </h3>
-  <pre>{@code
-// get a Customer reference so we don't hit the database
-Customer custRef = Ebean.getReference(Customer.class, 7);
-
-// create a new Order object
-Order newOrder = new Order();
-newOrder.setStatus(Order.Status.NEW);
-newOrder.setCustomer(custRef);
-
-ArrayList orderLines = new ArrayList();
-newOrder.setLines(orderLines);
-...
-
-// add a line to the order
-Product prodRef = Ebean.getReference(Product.class, 41);
-OrderLine line = new OrderLine();
-line.setProduct(prodRef);
-line.setQuantity(10);
-orderLines.add(line);
-...
-
-// save the order and its lines in a single transaction
-// NB: assumes CascadeType.PERSIST is set on the order lines association
-Ebean.save(newOrder);
-
-}</pre>
-
-  <h3>
-    EXAMPLE 5: Use another database
-  </h3>
-  <pre>{@code
-// Get access to the Human Resources EbeanServer/Database
-EbeanServer hrServer = Ebean.getServer("HR");
-
-
-// fetch contact 3 from the HR database
-Contact contact = hrServer.find(Contact.class, 3);
-
-contact.setStatus(Contact.Status.INACTIVE);
-...
-
-// save the contact back to the HR database
-hrServer.save(contact);
-}</pre>
-</div>
 
 
 </body>

src/main/java/io/ebean/package.html

@@ -3,29 +3,38 @@
   <TITLE>Ebean core API</TITLE>
 </HEAD>
 <Body BGCOLOR="#ffffff">
-Core API (see <a href="EbeanServer.html">EbeanServer</a> and <a href="Ebean.html">Ebean</a>).
+Core API (see <a href="Database.html">Database</a>, <a href="DB.html">DB</a> and <a href="Query.html">Query</a>).
 
-<h3>Ebean</h3>
+<h3>Database</h3>
 <p>
-  Provides the main API for fetching and persisting beans with eBean.
+  Provides the main API for fetching and persisting beans. We can obtain the "default database"
+  via <code>DB.getDefault()</code> or just use methods on DB.
 </p>
 
 <pre>{@code
-// EXAMPLE 1: Simple fetch
-//========================
 
-// fetch order 10
-Order order = Ebean.find(Order.class, 10);
+// Example find by id
+
+Order order = DB.find(Order.class, 10);
 
 
+// Example save
 
-// EXAMPLE 2: Fetch an Object with associations
-//=============================================
+Customer customer = DB.getReference(Customer.class, 42);
 
-// fetch Customer 7 including their billing and shipping addresses
-Customer customer =
-	Ebean.find(Customer.class)
-		.setId(7)
+Order newOrder = new Order();
+newOrder.setStatus(Order.Status.NEW);
+newOrder.setCustomer(customer);
+...
+
+DB.save(newOrder);
+
+
+// Example: Eagerly fetching associations
+
+// fetch Customer 42 including their billing and shipping addresses
+Customer customer = DB.find(Customer.class)
+		.setId(42)
 		.fetch("billingAddress")
 		.fetch("shippingAddress")
 		.findOne();
@@ -33,53 +42,6 @@ Customer customer =
 Address billAddr = customer.getBillingAddress();
 Address shipAddr = customer.getShippingAddress();
 
-
-
-
-// EXAMPLE 3: Create and save an Order
-//=====================================
-
-// get a Customer reference so we don't hit the database
-Customer custRef = Ebean.getReference(Customer.class, 7);
-
-// create a new Order object
-Order newOrder = new Order();
-newOrder.setStatus(Order.Status.NEW);
-newOrder.setCustomer(custRef);
-
-ArrayList orderLines = new ArrayList();
-newOrder.setLines(orderLines);
-...
-
-// add a line to the order
-Product prodRef = Ebean.getReference(Product.class, 41);
-OrderLine line = new OrderLine();
-line.setProduct(prodRef);
-line.setQuantity(10);
-orderLines.add(line);
-...
-
-// save the order and its lines in a single transaction
-// NB: assumes CascadeType.PERSIST is set on the order lines association
-Ebean.save(newOrder);
-
-
-
-// EXAMPLE 4: Use another database
-//=================================
-
-// Get access to the Human Resources EbeanServer/Database
-EbeanServer hrServer = Ebean.getServer(&quot;HR&quot;);
-
-
-// fetch contact 3 from the HR database
-Contact contact = hrServer.find(Contact.class, 3);
-
-contact.setStatus(Contact.Status.INACTIVE);
-...
-
-// save the contact back to the HR database
-hrServer.save(contact);
 }</pre>
 
 </Body>

src/main/java/io/ebean/plugin/LoadErrorHandler.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package io.ebean.plugin;
+
+import io.ebean.bean.EntityBean;
+
+/**
+ * Errorhandler to handle load errors and may be recover correct value.
+ *
+ * @author Roland Praml, FOCONIS AG
+ *
+ */
+@FunctionalInterface
+public interface LoadErrorHandler {
+  void handleLoadError(EntityBean bean, Property prop, String fullName, Exception e);
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/plugin/Plugin.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.plugin;
 
 /**
- * A 'plugin' that wants to be configured on startup so it can use features of the EbeanServer itself.
+ * A 'plugin' that wants to be configured on startup so it can use features of the Database itself.
  */
 public interface Plugin {
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/plugin/SpiServer.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import javax.sql.DataSource;
 import java.util.List;
 
 /**
- * Extensions to EbeanServer API made available to plugins.
+ * Extensions to Database API made available to plugins.
  */
 public interface SpiServer extends EbeanServer {
 
@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ public interface SpiServer extends EbeanServer {
   BeanType<?> getBeanTypeForQueueId(String queueId);
 
   /**
-   * Return the associated DataSource for this EbeanServer instance.
+   * Return the associated DataSource for this Database instance.
    */
   DataSource getDataSource();
 
   /**
-   * Return the associated read only DataSource for this EbeanServer instance (can be null).
+   * Return the associated read only DataSource for this Database instance (can be null).
    */
   DataSource getReadOnlyDataSource();
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/plugin/package-info.java

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * Provides a API for plugins.
  * <p>
  * Plugins can get and read meta data about the entity beans and enhance or utilise the
- * functionality of the EbeanServer.
+ * functionality of the Database.
  * </p>
  */
 package io.ebean.plugin;

src/main/java/io/ebean/service/SpiContainer.java

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import io.ebean.EbeanServer;
 import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
 
 /**
- * Creates the EbeanServer implementations. This is used internally by the EbeanServerFactory and is not currently
+ * Creates the Database implementations. This is used internally by the EbeanServerFactory and is not currently
  * exposed as public API.
  */
 public interface SpiContainer {

src/main/java/io/ebean/text/TextException.java

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package io.ebean.text;
 public class TextException extends RuntimeException {
 
   private static final long serialVersionUID = 1601310159486033148L;
+  private String text;
 
   /**
    * Construct with an error message.
@@ -27,4 +28,41 @@ public class TextException extends RuntimeException {
   public TextException(Exception e) {
     super(e);
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Constructor for a detailed exception.
+   *
+   * @param message
+   *          the message. The placeholder {} will be replaced by
+   *          <code>text</code>
+   * @param text
+   *          the fault text.
+   * @param cause
+   *          the case
+   */
+  public TextException(String message, String text, Exception cause) {
+    super(message.replace("{}", String.valueOf(text)), cause);
+    this.text = text;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Constructor for a detailed exception.
+   *
+   * @param message
+   *          the message. The placeholder {} will be replaced by
+   *          <code>text</code>
+   * @param text
+   *          the fault text.
+   */
+  public TextException(String message, String text) {
+    super(message.replace("{}", String.valueOf(text)));
+    this.text = text;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the text, that caused the error. (e.g. the JSON). May be null.
+   */
+  public String getText() {
+    return text;
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/text/csv/CsvReader.java

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import java.util.Locale;
  *
  *   FileReader reader = new FileReader(f);
  *
- *   CsvReader<Customer> csvReader = Ebean.createCsvReader(Customer.class);
+ *   CsvReader<Customer> csvReader = DB.createCsvReader(Customer.class);
  *
  *   csvReader.setPersistBatchSize(20);
  *

src/main/java/io/ebean/text/json/package-info.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
  * <pre>{@code
  *  // find some customers ...
  *
- * List<Customer> list = Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+ * List<Customer> list = DB.find(Customer.class)
  *     .select("id, name, status, shippingAddress")
  *     .fetch("billingAddress","line1, city")
  *     .fetch("billingAddress.country", "*")
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
  *     .order().desc("id")
  *     .findList();
  *
- * JsonContext json = Ebean.json();
+ * JsonContext json = DB.json();
  *
  *  // output as a JSON string
  * String jsonOutput = json.toJson(list);

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/BindParams.java

@@ -41,6 +41,14 @@ public class BindParams implements Serializable {
   public BindParams() {
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Reset positioned parameters (usually due to bind parameter expansion).
+   */
+  public void reset() {
+    bindHash = null;
+    positionedParameters.clear();
+  }
+
   public int queryBindHash() {
     int hc = namedParameters.hashCode();
     for (Param positionedParameter : positionedParameters) {
@@ -171,8 +179,7 @@ public class BindParams implements Serializable {
   }
 
   private Param getParam(String name) {
-    Param p = namedParameters.computeIfAbsent(name, k -> new Param());
-    return p;
+    return namedParameters.computeIfAbsent(name, k -> new Param());
   }
 
   private Param getParam(int position) {

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/CQueryPlanKey.java

@@ -11,4 +11,8 @@ public interface CQueryPlanKey {
    */
   String getPartialKey();
 
+  /**
+   * Return a query plan key taking into account persist cascading.
+   */
+  CQueryPlanKey withDeleteByIds();
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/SpiQuery.java

@@ -439,6 +439,11 @@ public interface SpiQuery<T> extends Query<T>, TxnProfileEventCodes {
    */
   void setDelete();
 
+  /**
+   * Set the query to be delete by ids due to cascading delete.
+   */
+  CQueryPlanKey setDeleteByIdsPlan();
+
   /**
    * Set the query to select the id property only.
    */
@@ -820,6 +825,11 @@ public interface SpiQuery<T> extends Query<T>, TxnProfileEventCodes {
    */
   boolean isCancelled();
 
+  /**
+   * Return the base table to use if user defined on the query.
+   */
+  String getBaseTable();
+
   /**
    * Return root table alias set by {@link #alias(String)} command.
    */
@@ -844,4 +854,9 @@ public interface SpiQuery<T> extends Query<T>, TxnProfileEventCodes {
    * Returns the count distinct order setting.
    */
   CountDistinctOrder getCountDistinctOrder();
+
+  /**
+   * Handles load errors.
+   */
+  void handleLoadError(String fullName, Exception e);
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/SpiSqlUpdate.java

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ import io.ebean.SqlUpdate;
 
 public interface SpiSqlUpdate extends SqlUpdate {
 
+  /**
+   * Return the sql taking into account bind parameter expansion.
+   */
+  String getBaseSql();
+
   /**
    * Return the Bind parameters.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/dbmigration/DdlGenerator.java

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ public class DdlGenerator {
 
   private final boolean generateDdl;
   private final boolean runDdl;
+  private final boolean extraDdl;
   private final boolean createOnly;
   private final boolean jaxbPresent;
   private final boolean ddlCommitOnCreateIndex;
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ public class DdlGenerator {
     this.server = server;
     this.jaxbPresent = serverConfig.getClassLoadConfig().isJavaxJAXBPresent();
     this.generateDdl = serverConfig.isDdlGenerate();
+    this.extraDdl = serverConfig.isDdlExtra();
     this.createOnly = serverConfig.isDdlCreateOnly();
     this.dbSchema = serverConfig.getDbSchema();
     if (!serverConfig.getTenantMode().isDdlEnabled() && serverConfig.isDdlRun()) {
@@ -166,8 +168,7 @@ public class DdlGenerator {
 
   protected void runDropSql(Connection connection) throws IOException {
     if (!createOnly) {
-      String ignoreExtraDdl = System.getProperty("ebean.ignoreExtraDdl");
-      if (!"true".equalsIgnoreCase(ignoreExtraDdl) && jaxbPresent) {
+      if (extraDdl && jaxbPresent) {
         String extraApply = ExtraDdlXmlReader.buildExtra(server.getDatabasePlatform().getName(), true);
         if (extraApply != null) {
           runScript(connection, false, extraApply, "extra-ddl");
@@ -187,8 +188,7 @@ public class DdlGenerator {
     }
     runScript(connection, false, createAllContent, getCreateFileName());
 
-    String ignoreExtraDdl = System.getProperty("ebean.ignoreExtraDdl");
-    if (!"true".equalsIgnoreCase(ignoreExtraDdl) && jaxbPresent) {
+    if (extraDdl && jaxbPresent) {
       if (currentModel.isTablePartitioning()) {
         String extraPartitioning = ExtraDdlXmlReader.buildPartitioning(server.getDatabasePlatform().getName());
         if (extraPartitioning != null && !extraPartitioning.isEmpty()) {

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/dbmigration/DefaultDbMigration.java

@@ -72,6 +72,8 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
 
   private static final String GENERATED_COMMENT = "THIS IS A GENERATED FILE - DO NOT MODIFY";
 
+  private boolean logToSystemOut = true;
+
   /**
    * Set to true if DefaultDbMigration run with online EbeanServer instance.
    */
@@ -316,6 +318,11 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
         return generateDiff(request);
       }
 
+    } catch (UnknownResourcePathException e) {
+      logError("ERROR - " + e.getMessage());
+      logError("Check the working directory or change dbMigration.setPathToResources() value?");
+      return null;
+
     } finally {
       if (!online) {
         DbOffline.reset();
@@ -387,8 +394,7 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
   private void writeExtraDdl(File migrationDir, DdlScript script) throws IOException {
 
     String fullName = repeatableMigrationName(script.isInit(), script.getName());
-
-    logger.info("writing repeatable script {}", fullName);
+    logger.debug("writing repeatable script {}", fullName);
 
     File file = new File(migrationDir, fullName);
     try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(file)) {
@@ -397,6 +403,30 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
     }
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public void setLogToSystemOut(boolean logToSystemOut) {
+    this.logToSystemOut = logToSystemOut;
+  }
+
+  private void logError(String message) {
+    if (logToSystemOut) {
+      System.out.println("DbMigration> " + message);
+    } else {
+      logger.error(message);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private void logInfo(String message, Object value) {
+    if (value != null) {
+      message = String.format(message, value);
+    }
+    if (logToSystemOut) {
+      System.out.println("DbMigration> " + message);
+    } else {
+      logger.info(message);
+    }
+  }
+
   private String repeatableMigrationName(boolean init, String scriptName) {
     StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
     if (init) {
@@ -416,12 +446,12 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
 
     List<String> pendingDrops = request.getPendingDrops();
     if (!pendingDrops.isEmpty()) {
-      logger.info("Pending un-applied drops in versions {}", pendingDrops);
+      logInfo("Pending un-applied drops in versions %s", pendingDrops);
     }
 
     Migration migration = request.createDiffMigration();
     if (migration == null) {
-      logger.info("no changes detected - no migration written");
+      logInfo("no changes detected - no migration written", null);
       return null;
     } else {
       // there were actually changes to write
@@ -440,7 +470,7 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
 
     List<String> pendingDrops = request.getPendingDrops();
     if (!pendingDrops.isEmpty()) {
-      logger.info("... remaining pending un-applied drops in versions {}", pendingDrops);
+      logInfo("... remaining pending un-applied drops in versions %s", pendingDrops);
     }
     return version;
   }
@@ -520,9 +550,9 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
 
     String fullVersion = getFullVersion(request.nextVersion(), dropsFor);
 
-    logger.info("generating migration:{}", fullVersion);
+    logInfo("generating migration:%s", fullVersion);
     if (!request.dbinitMigration && !writeMigrationXml(dbMigration, request.modelDir, fullVersion)) {
-      logger.warn("migration already exists, not generating DDL");
+      logError("migration already exists, not generating DDL");
       return null;
     } else {
       if (!platforms.isEmpty()) {
@@ -627,7 +657,6 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
     if (vanillaPlatform || databasePlatform == null) {
       // not explicitly set so use the platform of the server
       databasePlatform = server.getDatabasePlatform();
-      logger.trace("set platform to {}", databasePlatform.getName());
     }
     if (migrationConfig != null) {
       if (strictMode != null) {
@@ -713,13 +742,17 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
 
     // path to src/main/resources in typical maven project
     File resourceRootDir = new File(pathToResources);
+    if (!resourceRootDir.exists()) {
+      String msg = String.format("Error - path to resources %s does not exist. Absolute path is %s", pathToResources, resourceRootDir.getAbsolutePath());
+      throw new UnknownResourcePathException(msg);
+    }
     String resourcePath = migrationConfig.getMigrationPath(dbinitMigration);
 
     // expect to be a path to something like - src/main/resources/dbmigration/model
     File path = new File(resourceRootDir, resourcePath);
     if (!path.exists()) {
       if (!path.mkdirs()) {
-        logger.debug("Unable to ensure migration directory exists at {}", path.getAbsolutePath());
+        logInfo("Warning - Unable to ensure migration directory exists at %s", path.getAbsolutePath());
       }
     }
     return path;
@@ -735,7 +768,7 @@ public class DefaultDbMigration implements DbMigration {
     }
     File modelDir = new File(migrationDirectory, migrationConfig.getModelPath());
     if (!modelDir.exists() && !modelDir.mkdirs()) {
-      logger.debug("Unable to ensure migration model directory exists at {}", modelDir.getAbsolutePath());
+      logInfo("Warning - Unable to ensure migration model directory exists at %s", modelDir.getAbsolutePath());
     }
     return modelDir;
   }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/dbmigration/LastMigration.java

@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ class LastMigration {
    */
   static String lastVersion(File migDirectory, File modelDir) {
 
-    List<String> fileNames = new ArrayList<>();
+    List<MigrationVersion> versions = new ArrayList<>();
 
     File[] sqlFiles = migDirectory.listFiles(pathname -> includeSqlFile(pathname.getName().toLowerCase()));
     if (sqlFiles != null) {
       for (File file : sqlFiles) {
-        fileNames.add(trim(file.getName()));
+        versions.add(trimAndParse(file.getName()));
       }
     }
 
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ class LastMigration {
       File[] xmlFiles = modelDir.listFiles(pathname -> includeModelFile(pathname.getName().toLowerCase()));
       if (xmlFiles != null) {
         for (File file : xmlFiles) {
-          fileNames.add(trim(file.getName()));
+          versions.add(trimAndParse(file.getName()));
         }
       }
     }
 
-    Collections.sort(fileNames);
-    if (!fileNames.isEmpty()) {
-      return fileNames.get(fileNames.size() - 1);
+    Collections.sort(versions);
+    if (!versions.isEmpty()) {
+      return versions.get(versions.size() - 1).asString();
     }
     return null;
   }
@@ -69,23 +69,14 @@ class LastMigration {
     return lowerFileName.endsWith(MODEL_XML);
   }
 
-  private static String trim(String name) {
-    name = name.toLowerCase();
-    char c = name.charAt(0);
-    if (c == 'v') {
-      name = name.substring(1);
-    }
-    int p = name.indexOf("__");
-    if (p > -1) {
-      name = name.substring(0, p);
-    }
+  private static MigrationVersion trimAndParse(String name) {
     if (name.endsWith(SQL)) {
       name = name.substring(0, name.length() - 4);
     }
     if (name.endsWith(MODEL_XML)) {
       name = name.substring(0, name.length() - 10);
     }
-    return name;
+    return MigrationVersion.parse(name);
   }
 
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/dbmigration/UnknownResourcePathException.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package io.ebeaninternal.dbmigration;
+
+/**
+ * Exception when db migration resource path does not exist.
+ * <p>
+ * Typically the working directory or pathToResources is incorrect.
+ * </p>
+ */
+public class UnknownResourcePathException extends RuntimeException {
+
+  public UnknownResourcePathException(String msg) {
+    super(msg);
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/dbmigration/model/build/ModelBuildPropertyVisitor.java

@@ -147,7 +147,11 @@ public class ModelBuildPropertyVisitor extends BaseTablePropertyVisitor {
   @Override
   public void visitEmbeddedScalar(BeanProperty p, BeanPropertyAssocOne<?> embedded) {
 
-    visitScalar(p);
+    if (p instanceof BeanPropertyAssocOne) {
+      visitOneImported((BeanPropertyAssocOne)p);
+    } else {
+      visitScalar(p);
+    }
     if (embedded.isId()) {
       // compound primary key
       lastColumn.setPrimaryKey(true);

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/core/DefaultBeanState.java

@@ -88,4 +88,10 @@ public class DefaultBeanState implements BeanState {
   public void resetForInsert() {
     intercept.setNew();
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public Map<String, Exception> getLoadErrors() {
+    return intercept.getLoadErrors();
+  }
+
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/core/DefaultServer.java

@@ -1083,15 +1083,25 @@ public final class DefaultServer implements SpiServer, SpiEbeanServer {
   }
 
   @Override
-  public SqlQuery createSqlQuery(String sql) {
+  public SqlQuery sqlQuery(String sql) {
     return new DefaultRelationalQuery(this, sql.trim());
   }
 
   @Override
-  public SqlUpdate createSqlUpdate(String sql) {
+  public SqlQuery createSqlQuery(String sql) {
+    return sqlQuery(sql);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public SqlUpdate sqlUpdate(String sql) {
     return new DefaultSqlUpdate(this, sql.trim());
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public SqlUpdate createSqlUpdate(String sql) {
+    return sqlUpdate(sql);
+  }
+
   @Override
   public CallableSql createCallableSql(String sql) {
     return new DefaultCallableSql(this, sql.trim());
@@ -1363,6 +1373,21 @@ public final class DefaultServer implements SpiServer, SpiEbeanServer {
     return !ids.isEmpty();
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public <T> boolean exists(SpiQuery<?> ormQuery, SpiTransaction transaction) {
+
+    ormQuery.setMaxRows(1);
+    SpiOrmQueryRequest<?> request = createQueryRequest(Type.ID_LIST, ormQuery, transaction);
+    try {
+      request.initTransIfRequired();
+      List<Object> ids = request.findIds();
+      return !ids.isEmpty();
+
+    } finally {
+      request.endTransIfRequired();
+    }
+  }
+
   @Override
   public <A, T> List<A> findIds(Query<T> query, Transaction t) {
 
@@ -1444,10 +1469,6 @@ public final class DefaultServer implements SpiServer, SpiEbeanServer {
     return queryFuture;
   }
 
-  public <T> FutureRowCount<T> findFutureRowCount(Query<T> q, Transaction t) {
-    return findFutureCount(q, t);
-  }
-
   @Override
   public <T> FutureIds<T> findFutureIds(Query<T> query, Transaction t) {
 

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/core/DefaultSqlUpdate.java

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiSqlUpdate;
 import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiTransaction;
 
 import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Collection;
 
 /**
  * A SQL Update Delete or Insert statement that can be executed. For the times
@@ -35,9 +36,14 @@ public final class DefaultSqlUpdate implements Serializable, SpiSqlUpdate {
   private final BindParams bindParams;
 
   /**
-   * The sql update or delete statement.
+   * The original sql update or delete statement.
    */
-  private final String sql;
+  private final String origSql;
+
+  /**
+   * The sql taking into account bind parameter expansion.
+   */
+  private String baseSql;
 
   /**
    * The actual sql with named parameters converted.
@@ -66,6 +72,8 @@ public final class DefaultSqlUpdate implements Serializable, SpiSqlUpdate {
    */
   private int addPos;
 
+  private int bindExpansion;
+
   private boolean getGeneratedKeys;
 
   private Object generatedKey;
@@ -89,7 +97,8 @@ public final class DefaultSqlUpdate implements Serializable, SpiSqlUpdate {
    */
   public DefaultSqlUpdate(SpiEbeanServer server, String sql, BindParams bindParams) {
     this.server = server;
-    this.sql = sql;
+    this.origSql = sql;
+    this.baseSql = sql;
     this.bindParams = bindParams;
   }
 
@@ -221,11 +230,21 @@ public final class DefaultSqlUpdate implements Serializable, SpiSqlUpdate {
   @Override
   public void setGeneratedSql(String generatedSql) {
     this.generatedSql = generatedSql;
+    this.baseSql = origSql;
+    if (bindExpansion > 0) {
+      bindParams.reset();
+      bindExpansion = 0;
+    }
   }
 
   @Override
   public String getSql() {
-    return sql;
+    return origSql;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String getBaseSql() {
+    return baseSql;
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -239,27 +258,61 @@ public final class DefaultSqlUpdate implements Serializable, SpiSqlUpdate {
     return this;
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public SqlUpdate setParams(Object... values) {
+    for (Object value : values) {
+      setParameter(++addPos, value);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
+
   @Override
   public SqlUpdate setNextParameter(Object value) {
     setParameter(++addPos, value);
     return this;
   }
 
+  private SqlUpdate setParamWithBindExpansion(int position, Collection values, String bindLiteral) {
+
+    StringBuilder sqlExpand = new StringBuilder(values.size() * 2);
+    position = position + bindExpansion;
+    int offset = 0;
+    for (Object val : values) {
+      if (offset > 0) {
+        sqlExpand.append(",");
+      }
+      sqlExpand.append("?");
+      bindParams.setParameter(position + offset++, val);
+    }
+    bindExpansion += (offset - 1);
+    baseSql = baseSql.replace(bindLiteral, sqlExpand.toString());
+    return this;
+  }
+
   @Override
   public SqlUpdate setParameter(int position, Object value) {
-    bindParams.setParameter(position, value);
+
+    if (value instanceof Collection) {
+      String bindLiteral = "?" + position;
+      int pos = baseSql.indexOf(bindLiteral);
+      if (pos > -1) {
+        return setParamWithBindExpansion(position, (Collection) value, bindLiteral);
+      }
+    }
+
+    bindParams.setParameter(bindExpansion + position, value);
     return this;
   }
 
   @Override
   public SqlUpdate setNull(int position, int jdbcType) {
-    bindParams.setNullParameter(position, jdbcType);
+    bindParams.setNullParameter(bindExpansion + position, jdbcType);
     return this;
   }
 
   @Override
   public SqlUpdate setNullParameter(int position, int jdbcType) {
-    bindParams.setNullParameter(position, jdbcType);
+    bindParams.setNullParameter(bindExpansion + position, jdbcType);
     return this;
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/core/OrmQueryRequest.java

@@ -118,7 +118,14 @@ public final class OrmQueryRequest<T> extends BeanRequest implements SpiOrmQuery
 
   @Override
   public boolean isDeleteByStatement() {
-    return beanDescriptor.isDeleteByStatement();
+    if (!transaction.isPersistCascade() || beanDescriptor.isDeleteByStatement()) {
+      // plain delete by query
+      return true;
+    } else {
+      // delete by ids due to cascading delete needs
+      queryPlanKey = query.setDeleteByIdsPlan();
+      return false;
+    }
   }
 
   @Override

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/core/PersistRequestBean.java

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import io.ebeaninternal.server.persist.BatchedSqlException;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.persist.DeleteMode;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.persist.Flags;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.persist.PersistExecute;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.persist.SaveManyBeans;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.transaction.BeanPersistIdMap;
 import io.ebeanservice.docstore.api.DocStoreUpdate;
 import io.ebeanservice.docstore.api.DocStoreUpdateContext;
@@ -174,7 +175,7 @@ public final class PersistRequestBean<T> extends PersistRequest implements BeanP
   private int pendingPostUpdateNotify;
 
   /**
-   * Set to true when post execute has occured (so includes batch flush).
+   * Set to true when post execute has occurred (so includes batch flush).
    */
   private boolean postExecute;
 
@@ -183,6 +184,11 @@ public final class PersistRequestBean<T> extends PersistRequest implements BeanP
    */
   private boolean complete;
 
+  /**
+   * Many to many intersection table changes that are held for later batch processing.
+   */
+  private List<SaveManyBeans> saveManyIntersections;
+
   public PersistRequestBean(SpiEbeanServer server, T bean, Object parentBean, BeanManager<T> mgr, SpiTransaction t,
                             PersistExecute persistExecute, PersistRequest.Type type, int flags) {
 
@@ -955,6 +961,13 @@ public final class PersistRequestBean<T> extends PersistRequest implements BeanP
     if (isLogSummary()) {
       logSummary();
     }
+    saveQueuedManyIntersection();
+  }
+
+  private void saveQueuedManyIntersection() {
+    if (saveManyIntersections != null) {
+      saveManyIntersections.forEach(SaveManyBeans::saveIntersectionBatch);
+    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1119,6 +1132,7 @@ public final class PersistRequestBean<T> extends PersistRequest implements BeanP
       updatedManysOnly = true;
       setNotifyCache();
       addPostCommitListeners();
+      saveQueuedManyIntersection();
     }
     notifyCacheOnComplete();
     postUpdateNotify();
@@ -1454,4 +1468,21 @@ public final class PersistRequestBean<T> extends PersistRequest implements BeanP
   public String getSelectLastInsertedId() {
     return beanDescriptor.getSelectLastInsertedId(publish);
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Return true if the intersection table updates should be queued and batched.
+   */
+  public boolean isQueueManyIntersection() {
+    return !postExecute;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * The intersection table updates to the batch executed later on postExecute.
+   */
+  public void addManyIntersection(SaveManyBeans saveManyIntersection) {
+    if (this.saveManyIntersections == null) {
+      this.saveManyIntersections = new ArrayList<>();
+    }
+    this.saveManyIntersections.add(saveManyIntersection);
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/core/PersistRequestUpdateSql.java

@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ package io.ebeaninternal.server.core;
 import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiEbeanServer;
 import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiSqlUpdate;
 import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiTransaction;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.lib.util.Str;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.persist.BatchControl;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.persist.PersistExecute;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.persist.TrimLogSql;
 
 /**
  * Persist request specifically for CallableSql.
@@ -24,12 +27,12 @@ public final class PersistRequestUpdateSql extends PersistRequest {
 
   private String tableName;
 
-  private String description;
-
   private boolean addBatch;
 
   private boolean forceNoBatch;
 
+  private boolean batchThisRequest;
+
   public PersistRequestUpdateSql(SpiEbeanServer server, SpiSqlUpdate sqlUpdate,
                                  SpiTransaction t, PersistExecute persistExecute, boolean forceNoBatch) {
 
@@ -58,6 +61,25 @@ public final class PersistRequestUpdateSql extends PersistRequest {
     return executeOrQueue();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Execute using jdbc batch.
+   */
+  public void executeAddBatch() {
+    this.addBatch = true;
+    persistExecute.executeSqlUpdate(this);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Add this request to BatchControl to flush later.
+   */
+  public void addToFlushQueue(boolean early) {
+    BatchControl control = transaction.getBatchControl();
+    if (control == null) {
+      control = persistExecute.createBatchControl(transaction);
+    }
+    control.addToFlushQueue(this, early);
+  }
+
   @Override
   public int executeNow() {
     return persistExecute.executeSqlUpdate(this);
@@ -104,10 +126,9 @@ public final class PersistRequestUpdateSql extends PersistRequest {
    * Specify the type of statement executed. Used to automatically register
    * with the transaction event.
    */
-  public void setType(SqlType sqlType, String tableName, String description) {
+  public void setType(SqlType sqlType, String tableName) {
     this.sqlType = sqlType;
     this.tableName = tableName;
-    this.description = description;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -117,6 +138,20 @@ public final class PersistRequestUpdateSql extends PersistRequest {
     this.bindLog = bindLog;
   }
 
+  public void startBind(boolean batchThisRequest) {
+    this.batchThisRequest = batchThisRequest;
+    super.startBind(batchThisRequest);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Log the sql bind used with jdbc batch.
+   */
+  public void logSqlBatchBind() {
+    if (transaction.isLogSql()) {
+      transaction.logSql(Str.add(" -- bind(", bindLog, ")"));
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Perform post execute processing.
    */
@@ -125,9 +160,8 @@ public final class PersistRequestUpdateSql extends PersistRequest {
     if (startNanos > 0) {
       persistExecute.collectSqlUpdate(label, startNanos, rowCount);
     }
-    if (transaction.isLogSummary()) {
-      String m = description + " table[" + tableName + "] rows[" + rowCount + "] bind[" + bindLog + "]";
-      transaction.logSummary(m);
+    if (transaction.isLogSql() && !batchThisRequest) {
+      transaction.logSql(Str.add(TrimLogSql.trim(updateSql.getGeneratedSql()), "; -- bind(", bindLog, ") rows(", String.valueOf(rowCount), ")"));
     }
 
     if (updateSql.isAutoTableMod()) {

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/core/Persister.java

@@ -103,6 +103,11 @@ public interface Persister {
    */
   void visitMetrics(MetricVisitor visitor);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute or queue the update.
+   */
+  void executeOrQueue(SpiSqlUpdate update, SpiTransaction t, boolean queue);
+
   /**
    * Add the statement to JDBC batch for later execution via executeBatch.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/AssocOneHelp.java

@@ -17,9 +17,16 @@ abstract class AssocOneHelp {
 
   protected final BeanDescriptor<?> target;
 
+  private final String path;
+
   AssocOneHelp(BeanPropertyAssocOne<?> property) {
+    this(property, null);
+  }
+
+  AssocOneHelp(BeanPropertyAssocOne<?> property, String embeddedPrefix) {
     this.property = property;
     this.target = property.targetDescriptor;
+    this.path = (embeddedPrefix == null) ? property.name : embeddedPrefix + "." + property.name;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -67,7 +74,7 @@ abstract class AssocOneHelp {
     boolean disableLazyLoading = ctx.isDisableLazyLoading();
     Object ref = target.contextRef(pc, ctx.isReadOnly(), disableLazyLoading, id);
     if (!disableLazyLoading) {
-      ctx.register(property.name, ((EntityBean) ref)._ebean_getIntercept());
+      ctx.register(path, ((EntityBean) ref)._ebean_getIntercept());
     }
     return ref;
   }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/AssocOneHelpRefSimple.java

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ package io.ebeaninternal.server.deploy;
  */
 class AssocOneHelpRefSimple extends AssocOneHelp {
 
-  AssocOneHelpRefSimple(BeanPropertyAssocOne<?> property) {
-    super(property);
+  AssocOneHelpRefSimple(BeanPropertyAssocOne<?> property, String embeddedPrefix) {
+    super(property, embeddedPrefix);
   }
 
   /**

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/BeanCollectionHelpFactory.java

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package io.ebeaninternal.server.deploy;
 
 import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiQuery;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.core.OrmQueryRequest;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.el.ElPropertyValue;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.query.CQueryCollectionAdd;
 
 
 /**
@@ -10,10 +12,10 @@ import io.ebeaninternal.server.core.OrmQueryRequest;
 public class BeanCollectionHelpFactory {
 
   @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
-  static final BeanListHelp LIST_HELP = new BeanListHelp();
+  private static final BeanListHelp LIST_HELP = new BeanListHelp();
 
   @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
-  static final BeanSetHelp SET_HELP = new BeanSetHelp();
+  private static final BeanSetHelp SET_HELP = new BeanSetHelp();
 
   /**
    * Create the helper based on the many property.
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@ public class BeanCollectionHelpFactory {
   }
 
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-  public static <T> BeanCollectionHelp<T> create(SpiQuery.Type manyType, OrmQueryRequest<T> request) {
+  public static <T> CQueryCollectionAdd<T> create(SpiQuery.Type manyType, OrmQueryRequest<T> request) {
 
     if (manyType == SpiQuery.Type.LIST) {
       return LIST_HELP;
@@ -44,10 +46,13 @@ public class BeanCollectionHelpFactory {
     } else if (manyType == SpiQuery.Type.SET) {
       return SET_HELP;
 
-    } else {
+    } else if (manyType == SpiQuery.Type.MAP) {
       BeanDescriptor<T> target = request.getBeanDescriptor();
-      String mapKey = request.getQuery().getMapKey();
-      return new BeanMapHelp<>(target, mapKey);
+      ElPropertyValue elProperty = target.getElGetValue(request.getQuery().getMapKey());
+      return new BeanMapQueryHelp<>(elProperty);
+
+    } else {
+      return null;
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/BeanDescriptor.java

@@ -724,16 +724,9 @@ public class BeanDescriptor<T> implements BeanType<T>, STreeType {
       inheritInfo.setDescriptor(this);
     }
 
-    if (isEmbedded()) {
-      // initialise all the properties
-      for (BeanProperty prop : propertiesAll()) {
-        prop.initialise(initContext);
-      }
-    } else {
-      // initialise just the Id properties
-      if (idProperty != null) {
-        idProperty.initialise(initContext);
-      }
+    // initialise just the Id property only
+    if (idProperty != null) {
+      idProperty.initialise(initContext);
     }
   }
 
@@ -759,14 +752,12 @@ public class BeanDescriptor<T> implements BeanType<T>, STreeType {
       }
     }
 
-    if (!isEmbedded()) {
-      // initialise all the non-id properties
-      for (BeanProperty prop : propertiesAll()) {
-        if (!prop.isId()) {
-          prop.initialise(initContext);
-        }
-        prop.registerColumn(this, null);
+    // initialise all the non-id properties
+    for (BeanProperty prop : propertiesAll()) {
+      if (!prop.isId()) {
+        prop.initialise(initContext);
       }
+      prop.registerColumn(this, null);
     }
 
     if (unidirectional != null) {
@@ -2595,9 +2586,9 @@ public class BeanDescriptor<T> implements BeanType<T>, STreeType {
   /**
    * Return a 'dynamic property' used to read a formula.
    */
-  private STreeProperty findSqlTreeFormula(String formulaExpression) {
-
-    return dynamicProperty.computeIfAbsent(formulaExpression, (formula) -> new FormulaPropertyPath(this, formula).build());
+  private STreeProperty findSqlTreeFormula(String formula, String path) {
+    String key = formula + "-" + path;
+    return dynamicProperty.computeIfAbsent(key, (fullKey) -> new FormulaPropertyPath(this, formula, path).build());
   }
 
   /**
@@ -2606,9 +2597,9 @@ public class BeanDescriptor<T> implements BeanType<T>, STreeType {
    * The property can be a dynamic formula or a well known bean property.
    */
   @Override
-  public STreeProperty findPropertyWithDynamic(String propName) {
+  public STreeProperty findPropertyWithDynamic(String propName, String path) {
     if (propName.indexOf('(') > -1) {
-      return findSqlTreeFormula(propName);
+      return findSqlTreeFormula(propName, path);
     }
     return _findBeanProperty(propName);
   }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/BeanDescriptorInitContext.java

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ class BeanDescriptorInitContext {
   private final Map<String, String> draftTables;
   private final String asOfViewSuffix;
 
+  private String embeddedPrefix;
+
   BeanDescriptorInitContext(Map<String, String> withHistoryTables, Map<String, String> draftTables, String asOfViewSuffix) {
     this.withHistoryTables = withHistoryTables;
     this.draftTables = draftTables;
@@ -29,4 +31,12 @@ class BeanDescriptorInitContext {
   void addDraftIntersection(String intersectionPublishTable, String intersectionDraftTable) {
     draftTables.put(intersectionPublishTable, intersectionDraftTable);
   }
+
+  public void setEmbeddedPrefix(String embeddedPrefix) {
+    this.embeddedPrefix = embeddedPrefix;
+  }
+
+  public String getEmbeddedPrefix() {
+    return embeddedPrefix;
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/BeanDescriptorManager.java

@@ -150,8 +150,6 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
 
   private final String serverName;
 
-  private Map<Class<?>, DeployBeanInfo<?>> deployInfoMap = new HashMap<>();
-
   private final Map<Class<?>, BeanTable> beanTableMap = new HashMap<>();
 
   private final Map<String, BeanDescriptor<?>> descMap = new HashMap<>();
@@ -196,6 +194,12 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
 
   private final int queryPlanTTLSeconds;
 
+  // temporary collections used during startup and then cleared
+
+  private Map<Class<?>, DeployBeanInfo<?>> deployInfoMap = new HashMap<>();
+  private Set<Class<?>> embeddedIdTypes = new HashSet<>();
+  private List<DeployBeanInfo<?>> embeddedBeans = new ArrayList<>();
+
   /**
    * Create for a given database dbConfig.
    */
@@ -366,7 +370,6 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
       createListeners();
       readEntityDeploymentInitial();
       readXmlMapping(mappings);
-      readEmbeddedDeployment();
       readEntityBeanTable();
       readEntityDeploymentAssociations();
       readInheritedIdGenerators();
@@ -385,7 +388,9 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
 
       logStatus();
 
-      deployInfoMap.clear();
+      // clear collections we no longer need
+      embeddedIdTypes = null;
+      embeddedBeans = null;
       deployInfoMap = null;
 
       return asOfTableMap;
@@ -592,8 +597,7 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
     for (BeanDescriptor<?> d : descMap.values()) {
       d.initLast();
       if (!d.isEmbedded()) {
-        BeanManager<?> m = beanManagerFactory.create(d);
-        beanManagerMap.put(d.getFullName(), m);
+        beanManagerMap.put(d.getFullName(), beanManagerFactory.create(d));
         checkForValidEmbeddedId(d);
       }
     }
@@ -676,11 +680,6 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
     logger.debug("Entities[{}]", entityBeanCount);
   }
 
-  private <T> BeanDescriptor<T> createEmbedded(Class<T> beanClass) {
-    DeployBeanInfo<T> info = getDeploy(beanClass);
-    return new BeanDescriptor<>(this, info.getDescriptor());
-  }
-
   /**
    * Return the bean deploy info for the given class.
    */
@@ -689,24 +688,14 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
     return (DeployBeanInfo<T>) deployInfoMap.get(cls);
   }
 
-  private void registerBeanDescriptor(BeanDescriptor<?> desc) {
+  private void registerBeanDescriptor(DeployBeanInfo<?> info) {
+    BeanDescriptor desc = new BeanDescriptor<>(this, info.getDescriptor());
     descMap.put(desc.getBeanType().getName(), desc);
     if (desc.isDocStoreMapped()) {
       descQueueMap.put(desc.getDocStoreQueueId(), desc);
     }
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Read deployment information for all the embedded beans.
-   */
-  private void readEmbeddedDeployment() {
-
-    List<Class<?>> embeddedClasses = bootupClasses.getEmbeddables();
-    for (Class<?> embeddedClass : embeddedClasses) {
-      registerBeanDescriptor(createEmbedded(embeddedClass));
-    }
-  }
-
   /**
    * Read the initial deployment information for the entities.
    * <p>
@@ -719,14 +708,31 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
     for (Class<?> entityClass : bootupClasses.getEntities()) {
       DeployBeanInfo<?> info = createDeployBeanInfo(entityClass);
       deployInfoMap.put(entityClass, info);
+      Class<?> embeddedIdType = info.getEmbeddedIdType();
+      if (embeddedIdType != null){
+        embeddedIdTypes.add(embeddedIdType);
+      }
     }
     for (Class<?> entityClass : bootupClasses.getEmbeddables()) {
       DeployBeanInfo<?> info = createDeployBeanInfo(entityClass);
-      readDeployAssociations(info);
       deployInfoMap.put(entityClass, info);
+      if (embeddedIdTypes.contains(entityClass)) {
+        // register embeddedId types early - scalar properties only
+        // and needed for creating BeanTables (id properties)
+        registerEmbeddedBean(info);
+      } else {
+        // delay register of other embedded beans until after
+        // the BeanTables have been created to support ManyToOne
+        embeddedBeans.add(info);
+      }
     }
   }
 
+  private void registerEmbeddedBean(DeployBeanInfo<?> info) {
+    readDeployAssociations(info);
+    registerBeanDescriptor(info);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Create the BeanTable information which has the base table and id.
    * <p>
@@ -739,6 +745,11 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
       BeanTable beanTable = createBeanTable(info);
       beanTableMap.put(beanTable.getBeanType(), beanTable);
     }
+
+    // register non-id embedded beans (after bean tables are created)
+    for (DeployBeanInfo<?> info : embeddedBeans) {
+      registerEmbeddedBean(info);
+    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -816,13 +827,14 @@ public class BeanDescriptorManager implements BeanDescriptorMap {
       secondaryPropsJoins(info);
     }
 
-    // Set inheritance info
     for (DeployBeanInfo<?> info : deployInfoMap.values()) {
       setInheritanceInfo(info);
     }
 
     for (DeployBeanInfo<?> info : deployInfoMap.values()) {
-      registerBeanDescriptor(new BeanDescriptor(this, info.getDescriptor()));
+      if (!info.isEmbedded()) {
+        registerBeanDescriptor(info);
+      }
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/BeanEmbeddedMetaFactory.java

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public class BeanEmbeddedMetaFactory {
     String columnPrefix = prop.getColumnPrefix();
     Map<String, String> propColMap = prop.getDeployEmbedded().getPropertyColumnMap();
 
-    BeanProperty[] sourceProperties = targetDesc.propertiesBaseScalar();
+    BeanProperty[] sourceProperties = targetDesc.propertiesNonTransient();
     BeanProperty[] embeddedProperties = new BeanProperty[sourceProperties.length];
 
     for (int i = 0; i < sourceProperties.length; i++) {
@@ -45,7 +45,11 @@ public class BeanEmbeddedMetaFactory {
       }
 
       BeanPropertyOverride overrides = new BeanPropertyOverride(dbColumn);
-      embeddedProperties[i] = new BeanProperty(sourceProperties[i], overrides);
+      if (sourceProperties[i] instanceof BeanPropertyAssocOne) {
+        embeddedProperties[i] = new BeanPropertyAssocOne((BeanPropertyAssocOne)sourceProperties[i], overrides);
+      } else {
+        embeddedProperties[i] = new BeanProperty(sourceProperties[i], overrides);
+      }
     }
 
     return new BeanEmbeddedMeta(embeddedProperties);

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/BeanMapHelp.java

@@ -24,16 +24,6 @@ public class BeanMapHelp<T> extends BaseCollectionHelp<T> {
   private final String propertyName;
   private final BeanProperty beanProperty;
 
-  /**
-   * When created for a given query that will return a map.
-   */
-  BeanMapHelp(BeanDescriptor<T> targetDescriptor, String mapKey) {
-    this.targetDescriptor = targetDescriptor;
-    this.beanProperty = targetDescriptor.getBeanProperty(mapKey);
-    this.many = null;
-    this.propertyName = null;
-  }
-
   /**
    * When help is attached to a specific many property.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/BeanMapQueryHelp.java

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package io.ebeaninternal.server.deploy;
+
+import io.ebean.bean.BeanCollection;
+import io.ebean.bean.EntityBean;
+import io.ebean.common.BeanMap;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.el.ElPropertyValue;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.query.CQueryCollectionAdd;
+
+class BeanMapQueryHelp<T> implements CQueryCollectionAdd<T> {
+
+  private final ElPropertyValue elGetValue;
+
+  /**
+   * Create for a findMap query.
+   */
+  BeanMapQueryHelp(ElPropertyValue elGetValue) {
+    this.elGetValue = elGetValue;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public BeanCollection<T> createEmptyNoParent() {
+    return new BeanMap<>();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void add(BeanCollection collection, EntityBean bean, boolean withCheck) {
+    if (bean == null) {
+      ((BeanMap<?, ?>) collection).internalPutNull();
+    } else {
+      Object keyValue = elGetValue.pathGet(bean);
+      BeanMap<?, ?> map = ((BeanMap<?, ?>) collection);
+      map.internalPutWithCheck(keyValue, bean);
+    }
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/BeanPropertyAssoc.java

@@ -104,6 +104,22 @@ public abstract class BeanPropertyAssoc<T> extends BeanProperty implements STree
     this.fetchPreference = deploy.getFetchPreference();
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Copy constructor for ManyToOne inside Embeddable.
+   */
+  public BeanPropertyAssoc(BeanPropertyAssoc source, BeanPropertyOverride override) {
+    super(source, override);
+    foreignKey = source.foreignKey;
+    extraWhere = source.extraWhere;
+    beanTable = source.beanTable;
+    mappedBy = source.mappedBy;
+    docStoreDoc = source.docStoreDoc;
+    targetType = source.targetType;
+    cascadeInfo = source.cascadeInfo;
+    fetchPreference = source.fetchPreference;
+    tableJoin = source.tableJoin.withOverrideColumn(override.getDbColumn());
+  }
+
   /**
    * Initialise post construction.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/BeanPropertyAssocOne.java

@@ -93,14 +93,35 @@ public class BeanPropertyAssocOne<T> extends BeanPropertyAssoc<T> implements STr
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Copy constructor for ManyToOne inside Embeddable.
+   */
+  public BeanPropertyAssocOne(BeanPropertyAssocOne source, BeanPropertyOverride override) {
+    super(source, override);
+    primaryKeyExport = source.primaryKeyExport;
+    oneToOne = source.oneToOne;
+    oneToOneExported = source.oneToOneExported;
+    orphanRemoval = source.orphanRemoval;
+    embeddedProps = null;
+    embeddedPropsMap = null;
+  }
+
   @Override
   public void initialise(BeanDescriptorInitContext initContext) {
     super.initialise(initContext);
-    initialiseAssocOne();
+    initialiseAssocOne(initContext.getEmbeddedPrefix());
+    if (embedded) {
+      // initialise ManyToOne importedId
+      initContext.setEmbeddedPrefix(name);
+      for (BeanProperty embeddedProp : embeddedProps) {
+        embeddedProp.initialise(initContext);
+      }
+      initContext.setEmbeddedPrefix(null);
+    }
   }
 
-  private void initialiseAssocOne() {
-    localHelp = createHelp(embedded, oneToOneExported);
+  private void initialiseAssocOne(String embeddedPrefix) {
+    localHelp = createHelp(embedded, oneToOneExported, embeddedPrefix);
 
     if (!isTransient) {
       //noinspection StatementWithEmptyBody
@@ -668,7 +689,7 @@ public class BeanPropertyAssocOne<T> extends BeanPropertyAssoc<T> implements STr
     }
   }
 
-  private AssocOneHelp createHelp(boolean embedded, boolean oneToOneExported) {
+  private AssocOneHelp createHelp(boolean embedded, boolean oneToOneExported, String embeddedPrefix) {
     if (embedded) {
       return new AssocOneHelpEmbedded(this);
     } else if (oneToOneExported) {
@@ -677,7 +698,7 @@ public class BeanPropertyAssocOne<T> extends BeanPropertyAssoc<T> implements STr
       if (targetInheritInfo != null) {
         return new AssocOneHelpRefInherit(this);
       } else {
-        return new AssocOneHelpRefSimple(this);
+        return new AssocOneHelpRefSimple(this, embeddedPrefix);
       }
     }
   }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/DbReadContext.java

@@ -90,4 +90,10 @@ public interface DbReadContext {
    * Return true if this request disables lazy loading.
    */
   boolean isDisableLazyLoading();
+
+  /**
+   * Handles a load error on given property.
+   */
+  void handleLoadError(String fullName, Exception e);
+
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/DynamicPropertyAggregationFormula.java

@@ -49,15 +49,15 @@ class DynamicPropertyAggregationFormula extends DynamicPropertyBase {
 
   @Override
   public void load(SqlBeanLoad sqlBeanLoad) {
-
+    Object value;
     try {
-      Object value = scalarType.read(sqlBeanLoad.ctx().getDataReader());
-      if (asTarget != null) {
-        sqlBeanLoad.load(asTarget, value);
-      }
-
+      value = scalarType.read(sqlBeanLoad.ctx().getDataReader());
     } catch (Exception e) {
-      throw new PersistenceException("Error loading on " + fullName, e);
+      sqlBeanLoad.ctx().handleLoadError(fullName, e);
+      return;
+    }
+    if (asTarget != null) {
+      sqlBeanLoad.load(asTarget, value);
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/FormulaPropertyPath.java

@@ -20,15 +20,17 @@ class FormulaPropertyPath {
 
   private final String internalExpression;
 
+  private final String path;
+
   private boolean countDistinct;
 
   private String cast;
   private String alias;
 
-  FormulaPropertyPath(BeanDescriptor<?> descriptor, String formula) {
-
+  FormulaPropertyPath(BeanDescriptor<?> descriptor, String formula, String path) {
     this.descriptor = descriptor;
     this.formula = formula;
+    this.path = path;
 
     int openBracket = formula.indexOf('(');
     int closeBracket = formula.lastIndexOf(')');
@@ -94,6 +96,11 @@ class FormulaPropertyPath {
     DeployPropertyParser parser = descriptor.parser().setCatchFirst(true);
 
     String parsed = parser.parse(internalExpression);
+    if (path != null) {
+      // fetch("machineStats", "sum(hours), sum(totalKms)")
+      parsed = parsed.replace("${}", "${" + path + "}");
+    }
+
     ElPropertyDeploy firstProp = parser.getFirstProp();
 
     ScalarType<?> scalarType;

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/IntersectionRow.java

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package io.ebeaninternal.server.deploy;
 
-import io.ebean.SqlUpdate;
 import io.ebeaninternal.api.BindParams;
 import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiEbeanServer;
+import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiSqlUpdate;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.core.DefaultSqlUpdate;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.expression.DefaultExpressionRequest;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.expression.IdInExpression;
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public class IntersectionRow {
     values.put(key, value);
   }
 
-  public SqlUpdate createInsert(SpiEbeanServer server) {
+  public SpiSqlUpdate createInsert(SpiEbeanServer server) {
 
     BindParams bindParams = new BindParams();
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public class IntersectionRow {
     return new DefaultSqlUpdate(server, sb.toString(), bindParams);
   }
 
-  public SqlUpdate createDelete(SpiEbeanServer server, DeleteMode deleteMode) {
+  public SpiSqlUpdate createDelete(SpiEbeanServer server, DeleteMode deleteMode) {
 
     BindParams bindParams = new BindParams();
 
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public class IntersectionRow {
     return new DefaultSqlUpdate(server, sb.toString(), bindParams);
   }
 
-  public SqlUpdate createDeleteChildren(SpiEbeanServer server) {
+  public SpiSqlUpdate createDeleteChildren(SpiEbeanServer server) {
 
     BindParams bindParams = new BindParams();
 

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/server/deploy/TableJoin.java

@@ -51,6 +51,15 @@ public final class TableJoin {
     this.queryHash = calcQueryHash();
   }
 
+  private TableJoin(TableJoin source, String overrideColumn) {
+    this.table = source.table;
+    this.type = source.type;
+    this.inheritInfo = source.inheritInfo;
+    this.columns = new TableJoinColumn[1];
+    this.columns[0] = source.columns[0].withOverrideColumn(overrideColumn);
+    this.queryHash = calcQueryHash();
+  }
+
   /**
    * Calculate a hash value for adding to a query plan.
    */
@@ -166,4 +175,11 @@ public final class TableJoin {
       sb.append(a2).append(".").append(pair.getForeignDbColumn());
     }
   }
+
+  TableJoin withOverrideColumn(String overrideColumn) {
+    if (columns.length == 1 && overrideColumn != null && !overrideColumn.equals(columns[0].getLocalDbColumn())) {
+      return new TableJoin(this, overrideColumn);
+    }
+    return this;
+  }
 }