[maven-release-plugin] prepare release ebean-12.3.9

#2055 - Refactor internals - Extract DbContext from Ebean and hold Database rather than EbeanServer

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+custom: https://ebean.io/sponsors

.travis.yml

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-dist: trusty
+dist: xenial
 sudo: required
 language: java
 jdk:
-  - oraclejdk8
+  - openjdk11
 
 git:
   depth: 3
 
 addons:
-  postgresql: "9.6"
+  postgresql: 10
 #  apt:
 #    packages:
 #    - mysql-server-5.7

README.md

@@ -1,8 +1,39 @@
+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/ebean-orm/ebean.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/ebean-orm/ebean)
+[![Maven Central : ebean](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean/badge.svg)](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean)
+
+# Sponsors
+<table>
+  <tbody>
+    <tr>
+      <td align="center" valign="middle">
+        <a href="https://www.foconis.de/" target="_blank">
+          <img width="222px" src="https://www.foconis.de/templates/yootheme/cache/foconis_logo_322-709da1de.png">
+        </a>
+      </td>
+      <td align="center" valign="middle">
+        <a href="https://www.payintech.com/" target="_blank">
+          <img width="222px" src="https://ebean.io/images/sponsor_PayinTech-logo-noir.png">
+        </a>
+      </td>
+      <td align="center" valign="middle">
+        <a href="https://www.premium-minds.com" target="_blank">
+          <img width="222px" src="https://ebean.io/images/logo-med-principal.png">
+        </a>
+      </td>
+      <td align="center" valign="middle">
+        <a href="https://timerbee.de" target="_blank">
+          <img width="222px" src="https://ebean.io/images/logo-timerbee.png">
+        </a>
+      </td>
+    </tr>
+  </tbody>
+</table>
+
 # Need help?
 Post questions or issues to the Ebean google group - https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/ebean
 
 # Documentation
-Goto [https://ebean-orm.github.io/](http://ebean-orm.github.io/ "Ebean ORM's Website")
+Goto [https://ebean.io/docs/](https://ebean.io/docs/)
 
 
 ## Maven cental links:
@@ -10,8 +41,6 @@ Goto [https://ebean-orm.github.io/](http://ebean-orm.github.io/ "Ebean ORM's Web
 
 [Maven central - all related projects](http://search.maven.org/#search%7Cga%7C1%7Cebean "maven central all related projects")
 
-## Current versions
-* [![Maven Central : ebean](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean/badge.svg)](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean) - ebean
+## Other versions
 * [![Maven Central : ebean-agent](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean-agent/badge.svg)](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean-agent) - ebean-agent
 * [![Maven Central : ebean-maven-plugin](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean-maven-plugin/badge.svg)](https://maven-badges.herokuapp.com/maven-central/io.ebean/ebean-maven-plugin) - ebean-maven-plugin
-

pom.xml

@@ -3,56 +3,29 @@
 
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.avaje</groupId>
-    <artifactId>java8-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>1.3</version>
+    <artifactId>java8-oss</artifactId>
+    <version>2.2</version>
   </parent>
 
   <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
   <artifactId>ebean</artifactId>
-  <version>11.31.2</version>
+  <version>12.3.9</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>
 
   <name>ebean</name>
   <url>http://ebean-orm.github.io/</url>
 
   <properties>
-    <jackson-core.version>2.9.5</jackson-core.version>
-    <snakeyaml.version>1.21</snakeyaml.version>
+    <jackson-core.version>2.10.0</jackson-core.version>
+    <jackson-databind.version>2.10.0</jackson-databind.version>
   </properties>
 
   <scm>
     <developerConnection>scm:git:git@github.com:ebean-orm/ebean.git</developerConnection>
-    <tag>ebean-11.31.2</tag>
+    <tag>ebean-12.3.9</tag>
   </scm>
 
   <profiles>
-    <profile>
-      <!-- Note: to use this profile, you need credentials for the oracle repository in your
-        settings.xml as described here:
-        http://docs.oracle.com/middleware/1213/core/MAVEN/config_maven_repo.htm#MAVEN9010 -->
-      <id>oracle</id>
-      <dependencies>
-        <dependency>
-          <groupId>com.oracle.jdbc</groupId>
-          <artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
-          <version>12.2.0.1</version>
-          <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-      </dependencies>
-      <repositories>
-        <repository>
-          <id>maven.oracle.com</id>
-          <releases>
-            <enabled>true</enabled>
-          </releases>
-          <snapshots>
-            <enabled>false</enabled>
-          </snapshots>
-          <url>https://maven.oracle.com</url>
-          <layout>default</layout>
-        </repository>
-      </repositories>
-    </profile>
     <profile>
       <!-- Note: to use this profile, you need to download manually the db2jcc4 driver.
         After that, install it into your local maven repository:
@@ -88,13 +61,10 @@
       <scope>provided</scope>
     </dependency>
 
-    <!--
-    Exclude snakeyaml if you desire - it is not strictly required.
-    -->
     <dependency>
-      <groupId>org.yaml</groupId>
-      <artifactId>snakeyaml</artifactId>
-      <version>${snakeyaml.version}</version>
+      <groupId>io.avaje</groupId>
+      <artifactId>avaje-config</artifactId>
+      <version>1.0</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <!--
@@ -102,46 +72,46 @@
     to assist with IDE auto-completion with Ebean API
     -->
     <dependency>
-      <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
-      <artifactId>ebean-jsr305</artifactId>
-      <version>1.1</version>
+      <groupId>io.avaje</groupId>
+      <artifactId>avaje-jsr305</artifactId>
+      <version>1.0</version>
       <scope>provided</scope>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
       <artifactId>persistence-api</artifactId>
-      <version>2.2.1</version>
+      <version>2.2.4</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
       <artifactId>ebean-annotation</artifactId>
-      <version>4.4</version>
+      <version>6.13</version>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
+      <artifactId>ebean-types</artifactId>
+      <version>2.1</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
       <artifactId>ebean-datasource</artifactId>
-      <version>4.3.2</version>
-    </dependency>
-
-    <dependency>
-      <groupId>org.avaje</groupId>
-      <artifactId>avaje-classpath-scanner</artifactId>
-      <version>3.1.1</version>
+      <version>5.1</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
       <artifactId>ebean-migration</artifactId>
-      <version>11.13.1</version>
+      <version>12.1.4</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.antlr</groupId>
       <artifactId>antlr4-runtime</artifactId>
-      <version>4.7.1</version>
+      <version>4.7.2</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <!-- Jackson core used internally by Ebean -->
@@ -155,15 +125,15 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
       <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
-      <version>${jackson-core.version}</version>
-      <scope>provided</scope>
+      <version>${jackson-databind.version}</version>
+      <optional>true</optional>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
       <artifactId>jta</artifactId>
       <version>1.1</version>
-      <scope>provided</scope>
+      <optional>true</optional>
     </dependency>
 
     <!-- provided scope to read validation annotations Size etc -->
@@ -171,44 +141,66 @@
       <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
       <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
       <version>1.1.0.Final</version>
-      <scope>provided</scope>
+      <optional>true</optional>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
       <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
       <version>3.1.0</version>
-      <scope>provided</scope>
+      <optional>true</optional>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
       <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
       <version>2.9.7</version>
+      <optional>true</optional>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <!-- Provided scope to compile with java 11 -->
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
+      <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
+      <version>2.3.2</version>
       <scope>provided</scope>
     </dependency>
 
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
+      <artifactId>javax.annotation-api</artifactId>
+      <version>1.3.2</version>
+      <optional>true</optional>
+    </dependency>
+
     <!-- Provided scope for Postgres JSON/JSONB support -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
       <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
-      <version>42.2.2</version>
-      <scope>provided</scope>
+      <version>42.2.10</version>
+      <optional>true</optional>
     </dependency>
 
     <!-- Test scope -->
 
-    <!--<dependency>-->
-      <!--<groupId>oracle</groupId>-->
-      <!--<artifactId>oracle-jdbc</artifactId>-->
-      <!--<version>7.0</version>-->
-      <!--<scope>test</scope>-->
-    <!--</dependency>-->
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>com.nuodb.jdbc</groupId>
+      <artifactId>nuodb-jdbc</artifactId>
+      <version>20.2.0</version>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
-      <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
-      <artifactId>ebean-docker-run</artifactId>
-      <version>1.5.1</version>
+      <groupId>com.oracle.ojdbc</groupId>
+      <artifactId>ojdbc10</artifactId>
+      <version>19.3.0.0</version>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>io.ebean.test</groupId>
+      <artifactId>ebean-test-docker</artifactId>
+      <version>3.1.5</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -219,26 +211,12 @@
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
-    <dependency>
-      <groupId>org.avaje</groupId>
-      <artifactId>avaje-agentloader</artifactId>
-      <version>2.1.2</version>
-      <scope>test</scope>
-    </dependency>
-
-    <dependency>
-      <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
-      <artifactId>ebean-agent</artifactId>
-      <version>11.27.1</version>
-      <scope>test</scope>
-    </dependency>
-
     <!-- Provided scope so that the H2HistoryTrigger can live in Ebean core
          and not require a separate module for it -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
       <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
-      <version>1.4.197</version>
+      <version>1.4.199</version>
       <scope>provided</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -259,15 +237,21 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
       <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
-      <version>6.4.0.jre8</version>
+      <version>7.2.2.jre8</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>mysql</groupId>
       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
-      <!-- Do not upgrade to 6.0.6: https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=82896 -->
-      <version>5.1.43</version>
+      <version>8.0.17</version>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
+      <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
+      <version>2.6.0</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -278,12 +262,18 @@
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
+      <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
+      <version>3.0.0</version>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.avaje.composite</groupId>
-      <artifactId>avaje-composite-testing</artifactId>
+      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
       <version>1.1</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
-      <type>pom</type>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
@@ -294,9 +284,9 @@
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
-      <groupId>org.avaje.moduuid</groupId>
-      <artifactId>avaje-moduuid</artifactId>
-      <version>2.1</version>
+      <groupId>io.avaje</groupId>
+      <artifactId>mod-uuid</artifactId>
+      <version>1.1</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -309,13 +299,13 @@
       <plugin>
         <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
         <artifactId>ebean-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-        <version>11.27.1</version>
+        <version>12.3.7</version>
         <executions>
           <execution>
             <id>test</id>
             <phase>process-test-classes</phase>
             <configuration>
-              <transformArgs>debug=1</transformArgs>
+              <transformArgs>debug=0</transformArgs>
             </configuration>
             <goals>
               <goal>testEnhance</goal>
@@ -327,9 +317,10 @@
       <plugin>
         <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
         <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
-        <version>2.5</version>
+        <version>3.0.0-M4</version>
         <configuration>
           <useSystemClassLoader>false</useSystemClassLoader>
+          <trimStackTrace>false</trimStackTrace>
           <failIfNoTests>false</failIfNoTests>
           <includes>
             <include>**/Test*.java</include>
@@ -365,25 +356,11 @@
       <plugin>
         <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
         <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
-        <version>2.9.1</version>
+        <version>3.1.1</version>
         <configuration>
-          <doctitle>Ebean 11</doctitle>
+          <doctitle>Ebean 12</doctitle>
           <overview>src/main/java/io/ebean/overview.html</overview>
-          <source>1.8</source>
-          <doclet>org.avaje.doclet.PygmentsDoclet</doclet>
-          <excludePackageNames>io.ebeaninternal.*:com.avaje.ebean.util</excludePackageNames>
-          <docletArtifact>
-            <groupId>org.avaje</groupId>
-            <artifactId>pygments-doclet</artifactId>
-            <version>1.0.0</version>
-          </docletArtifact>
-          <additionalparam>
-            -Xdoclint:none
-            -include-basedir ${project.basedir}
-            -attributes "idseparator=-; project_name=${project.name}; \
-            project_version=${project.version}; \
-            project_desc=${project.description}"
-          </additionalparam>
+          <excludePackageNames>io.ebeaninternal.*:io.ebeanservice:io.ebean.common:io.ebean.bean:io.ebean.service:io.ebean.metric:io.ebean.util:io.ebean.config.properties:io.ebean.config.dbplatform</excludePackageNames>
           <linksource>true</linksource>
           <overview>src/main/java/com/avaje/ebean/overview.html</overview>
         </configuration>

src/main/java/io/ebean/BackgroundExecutor.java

@@ -31,15 +31,18 @@ public interface BackgroundExecutor {
    * Execute a task periodically with a fixed delay between each execution.
    * <p>
    * For example, execute a runnable every minute.
-   * </p>
    * <p>
    * The delay is the time between executions no matter how long the task took.
    * That is, this method has the same behaviour characteristics as
    * {@link ScheduledExecutorService#scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable, long, long, TimeUnit)}
-   * </p>
    */
   void executePeriodically(Runnable r, long delay, TimeUnit unit);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute a task periodically additionally with an initial delay different from delay.
+   */
+  void executePeriodically(Runnable r, long initialDelay, long delay, TimeUnit unit);
+
   /**
    * Schedules a Runnable for one-shot action that becomes enabled after the given delay.
    *

src/main/java/io/ebean/BeanFinder.java

@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ import java.util.Optional;
  *
  * public class CustomerFinder extends BeanFinder<Long,Customer> {
  *
- *   @Inject
- *   public CustomerFinder(EbeanServer server) {
- *     super(Customer.class, server);
+ *   ＠Inject
+ *   public CustomerFinder(Database database) {
+ *     super(Customer.class, database);
  *   }
  *
  *   // ... add customer specific finders
@@ -29,25 +29,25 @@ import java.util.Optional;
  */
 public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
 
-  protected final EbeanServer server;
+  protected final Database server;
 
   protected final Class<T> type;
 
   /**
-   * Create with the given bean type and EbeanServer instance.
+   * Create with the given bean type and Database instance.
    *
    * @param type The bean type
-   * @param server The EbeanServer instance typically created via Spring factory or equivalent.
+   * @param server The Database instance typically created via Spring factory or equivalent.
    */
-  protected BeanFinder(Class<T> type, EbeanServer server) {
+  protected BeanFinder(Class<T> type, Database server) {
     this.type = type;
     this.server = server;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return the EbeanServer to use.
+   * Return the Database to use.
    */
-  public EbeanServer db() {
+  public Database db() {
     return server;
   }
 
@@ -66,21 +66,20 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return typically a different EbeanServer to the default.
+   * Return typically a different Database to the default.
    * <p>
-   * This is equivalent to {@link Ebean#getServer(String)}
+   * This is equivalent to {@link DB#byName(String)}
    *
-   * @param server The name of the EbeanServer. If this is null then the default EbeanServer is
-   *               returned.
+   * @param server The name of the Database. If this is null then the default Database is returned.
    */
-  public EbeanServer db(String server) {
-    return Ebean.getServer(server);
+  public Database db(String server) {
+    return DB.byName(server);
   }
 
   /**
    * Creates an entity reference for this ID.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#getReference(Class, Object)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#getReference(Class, Object)}
    */
   @Nonnull
   public T ref(I id) {
@@ -89,8 +88,6 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
 
   /**
    * Retrieves an entity by ID.
-   * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#find(Class, Object)}
    */
   @Nullable
   public T findById(I id) {
@@ -107,8 +104,6 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
 
   /**
    * Delete a bean by Id.
-   * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#delete(Class, Object)}
    */
   public void deleteById(I id) {
     db().delete(type, id);
@@ -138,7 +133,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
    * }</pre>
    *
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#update(Class)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#update(Class)}
    */
   protected UpdateQuery<T> updateQuery() {
     return db().update(type);
@@ -147,7 +142,7 @@ public abstract class BeanFinder<I,T> {
   /**
    * Creates a query.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#find(Class)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#find(Class)}
    */
   protected Query<T> query() {
     return db().find(type);

src/main/java/io/ebean/BeanRepository.java

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ import java.util.Collection;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- * @Repository
+ * ＠Repository
  * public class CustomerRepository extends BeanRepository<Long,Customer> {
  *
- *   @Inject
- *   public CustomerRepository(EbeanServer server) {
+ *   ＠Inject
+ *   public CustomerRepository(Database server) {
  *     super(Customer.class, server);
  *   }
  *
@@ -34,23 +34,23 @@ import java.util.Collection;
 public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
 
   /**
-   * Create with the given bean type and EbeanServer instance.
+   * Create with the given bean type and Database instance.
    * <p>
    * Typically users would extend BeanRepository rather than BeanFinder.
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   @Inject
-   *   public CustomerRepository(EbeanServer server) {
+   *   public CustomerRepository(Database server) {
    *     super(Customer.class, server);
    *   }
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
    * @param type   The bean type
-   * @param server The EbeanServer instance typically created via Spring factory or equivalent
+   * @param server The Database instance typically created via Spring factory or equivalent
    */
-  protected BeanRepository(Class<T> type, EbeanServer server) {
+  protected BeanRepository(Class<T> type, Database server) {
     super(type, server);
   }
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#markAsDirty(Object)
+   * @see Database#markAsDirty(Object)
    */
   public void markAsDirty(T bean) {
     db().markAsDirty(bean);
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * Ebean will detect if this is a new bean or a previously fetched bean and perform either an
    * insert or an update based on that.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#save(Object)
+   * @see Database#save(Object)
    */
   public void save(T bean) {
     db().save(bean);
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Update this entity.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#update(Object)
+   * @see Database#update(Object)
    */
   public void update(T bean) {
     db().update(bean);
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Insert this entity.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#insert(Object)
+   * @see Database#insert(Object)
    */
   public void insert(T bean) {
     db().insert(bean);
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * deleted. Note that, if JDBC batch mode is used then this always returns true.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#delete(Object)
+   * @see Database#delete(Object)
    */
   public boolean delete(T bean) {
     return db().delete(bean);
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * want to perform a hard/permanent delete.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#deletePermanent(Object)
+   * @see Database#deletePermanent(Object)
    */
   public boolean deletePermanent(T bean) {
     return db().deletePermanent(bean);
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * Ebean will detect if this is a new bean or a previously fetched bean and perform either an
    * insert or an update based on that.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#merge(Object)
+   * @see Database#merge(Object)
    */
   public void merge(T bean) {
     db().merge(bean);
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
    * Ebean will detect if this is a new bean or a previously fetched bean and perform either an
    * insert or an update based on that.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#merge(Object, MergeOptions)
+   * @see Database#merge(Object, MergeOptions)
    */
   public void merge(T bean, MergeOptions options) {
     db().merge(bean, options);
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ public abstract class BeanRepository<I, T> extends BeanFinder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Refreshes this entity from the database.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#refresh(Object)
+   * @see Database#refresh(Object)
    */
   public void refresh(T bean) {
     db().refresh(bean);

src/main/java/io/ebean/BeanState.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ public interface BeanState {
    *
    *   // set loaded state on the email property to false so that
    *   // the email property is not included in a stateless update
-   *   Ebean.getBeanState(user).setPropertyLoaded("email", false);
+   *   DB.getBeanState(user).setPropertyLoaded("email", false);
    *
    *   user.update();
    *
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ public interface BeanState {
   /**
    * Advanced - Used to programmatically build a partially or fully loaded
    * entity bean. First create an entity bean via
-   * {@link EbeanServer#createEntityBean(Class)}, then populate its properties
+   * {@link Database#createEntityBean(Class)}, then populate its properties
    * and then call this method specifying which properties where loaded or null
    * for a fully loaded entity bean.
    */
@@ -111,4 +112,10 @@ public interface BeanState {
    * Reset the bean putting it into NEW state such that a save() results in an insert.
    */
   void resetForInsert();
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a map with load erros.
+   */
+  @Nullable
+  Map<String, Exception> getLoadErrors();
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/CacheMode.java

@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ public enum CacheMode {
    */
   GET(true, false);
 
-  private boolean get;
-  private boolean put;
+  private final boolean get;
+  private final boolean put;
 
   CacheMode(boolean get, boolean put) {
     this.get = get;

src/main/java/io/ebean/CallableSql.java

@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  *
  * String sql = "{call sp_order_mod(?,?)}";
  *
- * CallableSql cs = Ebean.createCallableSql(sql);
+ * CallableSql cs = DB.createCallableSql(sql);
  * cs.setParameter(1, "turbo");
  * cs.registerOut(2, Types.INTEGER);
  *
- * Ebean.execute(cs);
+ * DB.execute(cs);
  *
  * // read the out parameter
  * Integer returnValue = (Integer) cs.getObject(2);
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  *
  * String sql = "{call sp_insert_order(?,?)}";
  *
- * CallableSql cs = Ebean.createCallableSql(sql);
+ * CallableSql cs = DB.createCallableSql(sql);
  *
  * // Inform Ebean this stored procedure inserts into the
  * // oe_order table and inserts + updates the oe_order_detail table.
@@ -46,35 +46,33 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  * cs.addModification("oe_order", true, false, false);
  * cs.addModification("oe_order_detail", true, true, false);
  *
- * Transaction t = Ebean.startTransaction();
  *
- * // execute using JDBC batching 10 statements at a time
- * t.setBatchMode(true);
- * t.setBatchSize(10);
- * try {
+ * try (Transaction t = DB.beginTransaction()) {
+ *
+ *   // execute using JDBC batching 10 statements at a time
+ *   t.setBatchMode(true);
+ *   t.setBatchSize(10);
+ *
  *   cs.setParameter(1, "Was");
  *   cs.setParameter(2, "Banana");
- *   Ebean.execute(cs);
+ *   DB.execute(cs);
  *
  *   cs.setParameter(1, "Here");
  *   cs.setParameter(2, "Kumera");
- *   Ebean.execute(cs);
+ *   DB.execute(cs);
  *
  *   cs.setParameter(1, "More");
  *   cs.setParameter(2, "Apple");
- *   Ebean.execute(cs);
+ *   DB.execute(cs);
  *
- *   // Ebean.externalModification("oe_order",true,false,false);
- *   // Ebean.externalModification("oe_order_detail",true,true,false);
- *   Ebean.commitTransaction();
+ *   // DB.externalModification("oe_order",true,false,false);
+ *   // DB.externalModification("oe_order_detail",true,true,false);
+ *   t.commit();
  *
- * } finally {
- *   Ebean.endTransaction();
  * }
  * }</pre>
  *
  * @see SqlUpdate
- * @see Ebean#execute(CallableSql)
  */
 public interface CallableSql {
 
@@ -173,7 +171,7 @@ public interface CallableSql {
    * Add table modification information to the TransactionEvent.
    * <p>
    * This would be similar to using the
-   * <code>Ebean.externalModification()</code> method. It may be easier and make
+   * <code>DB.externalModification()</code> method. It may be easier and make
    * more sense to set it here with the CallableSql.
    * </p>
    * <p>

src/main/java/io/ebean/DatabaseFactory.java

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package io.ebean;
+
+import io.ebean.config.ContainerConfig;
+import io.ebean.config.DatabaseConfig;
+
+/**
+ * Creates Database instances.
+ * <p>
+ * This uses either DatabaseConfig or properties in the application.properties file to
+ * configure and create a Database instance.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * The Database instance can either be registered with the DB singleton or
+ * not. The DB singleton effectively holds a map of Database by a name.
+ * If the Database is registered with the DB singleton you can retrieve it
+ * later via {@link DB#byName(String)}.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * One Database can be nominated as the 'default/primary' Database. Many
+ * methods on the DB singleton such as {@link DB#find(Class)} are just a
+ * convenient way of using the 'default/primary' Database.
+ * </p>
+ */
+public class DatabaseFactory {
+
+  /**
+   * Initialise the container with clustering configuration.
+   * <p>
+   * Call this prior to creating any Database instances or alternatively set the
+   * ContainerConfig on the ServerConfig when creating the first Database instance.
+   */
+  public static synchronized void initialiseContainer(ContainerConfig containerConfig) {
+    EbeanServerFactory.initialiseContainer(containerConfig);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create using ebean.properties to configure the database.
+   */
+  public static synchronized Database create(String name) {
+    return EbeanServerFactory.create(name);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create using the ServerConfig object to configure the database.
+   */
+  public static synchronized Database create(DatabaseConfig config) {
+    return EbeanServerFactory.create(config);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create using the ServerConfig additionally specifying a classLoader to use as the context class loader.
+   */
+  public static synchronized Database createWithContextClassLoader(DatabaseConfig config, ClassLoader classLoader) {
+    return EbeanServerFactory.createWithContextClassLoader(config, classLoader);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Shutdown gracefully all Database instances cleaning up any resources as required.
+   * <p>
+   * This is typically invoked via JVM shutdown hook and not explicitly called.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  public static synchronized void shutdown() {
+    EbeanServerFactory.shutdown();
+  }
+
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/DbContext.java

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+package io.ebean;
+
+import io.ebean.config.BeanNotEnhancedException;
+import io.ebean.datasource.DataSourceConfigurationException;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+
+/**
+ * Holds Database instances.
+ */
+final class DbContext {
+
+  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DbContext.class);
+
+  static {
+    EbeanVersion.getVersion();
+  }
+
+  private static final DbContext INSTANCE = new DbContext();
+
+  /**
+   * Cache for fast concurrent read access.
+   */
+  private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, Database> concMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+  /**
+   * Cache for synchronized read, creation and put. Protected by the monitor object.
+   */
+  private final HashMap<String, Database> syncMap = new HashMap<>();
+
+  private final Object monitor = new Object();
+
+  /**
+   * The 'default' Database.
+   */
+  private Database defaultDatabase;
+
+  private DbContext() {
+    try {
+      if (!DbPrimary.isSkip()) {
+        // look to see if there is a default server defined
+        String defaultName = DbPrimary.getDefaultServerName();
+        logger.debug("defaultName:{}", defaultName);
+        if (defaultName != null && !defaultName.trim().isEmpty()) {
+          defaultDatabase = getWithCreate(defaultName.trim());
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (BeanNotEnhancedException e) {
+      throw e;
+
+    } catch (DataSourceConfigurationException e) {
+      String msg = "Configuration error creating DataSource for the default Database." +
+        " This typically means a missing application-test.yaml or missing ebean-test dependency." +
+        " See https://ebean.io/docs/trouble-shooting#datasource";
+      throw new DataSourceConfigurationException(msg, e);
+
+    } catch (Throwable e) {
+      logger.error("Error trying to create the default Database", e);
+      throw new RuntimeException(e);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the shared singleton instance.
+   */
+  static DbContext getInstance() {
+    return INSTANCE;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the default database.
+   */
+  Database getDefault() {
+    if (defaultDatabase == null) {
+      String msg = "The default Database has not been defined?";
+      msg += " This is normally set via the ebean.datasource.default property.";
+      msg += " Otherwise it should be registered programmatically via registerServer()";
+      throw new PersistenceException(msg);
+    }
+    return defaultDatabase;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the database by name.
+   */
+  Database get(String name) {
+    if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) {
+      return defaultDatabase;
+    }
+    // non-synchronized read
+    Database server = concMap.get(name);
+    if (server != null) {
+      return server;
+    }
+    // synchronized read, create and put
+    return getWithCreate(name);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Synchronized read, create and put of Databases.
+   */
+  private Database getWithCreate(String name) {
+    synchronized (monitor) {
+      Database server = syncMap.get(name);
+      if (server == null) {
+        // register when creating server this way
+        server = EbeanServerFactory.create(name);
+        register(server, false);
+      }
+      return server;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Register a server so we can get it by its name.
+   */
+  void register(Database server, boolean isDefault) {
+    registerWithName(server.getName(), server, isDefault);
+  }
+
+  private void registerWithName(String name, Database server, boolean isDefault) {
+    synchronized (monitor) {
+      concMap.put(name, server);
+      syncMap.put(name, server);
+      if (isDefault) {
+        defaultDatabase = server;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  Database mock(String name, Database server, boolean defaultServer) {
+    Database originalPrimaryServer = this.defaultDatabase;
+    registerWithName(name, server, defaultServer);
+    return originalPrimaryServer;
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/DbPrimary.java

@@ -1,38 +1,36 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
-import io.ebean.config.properties.PropertiesLoader;
+import io.avaje.config.Config;
 
 import java.util.Properties;
 
 /**
- * Provides singleton state for the default server.
+ * Provides singleton state for the default database.
  * <p/>
- * Intended for internal use as part of bootup, construction, registration of the default server.
+ * Intended for internal use as part of bootup, construction, registration of the default database.
  */
-class PrimaryServer {
-
-  private static Properties globalProperties;
+class DbPrimary {
 
   private static String defaultServerName;
 
   private static boolean skip;
 
   /**
-   * Set whether to skip automatically creating the primary server.
+   * Set whether to skip automatically creating the primary database.
    */
   static synchronized void setSkip(boolean skip) {
-    PrimaryServer.skip = skip;
+    DbPrimary.skip = skip;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return true to skip automatically creating the primary server.
+   * Return true to skip automatically creating the primary database.
    */
   static synchronized boolean isSkip() {
     return skip;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return the default server name.
+   * Return the default database name.
    */
   static synchronized String getDefaultServerName() {
     getProperties();
@@ -43,14 +41,10 @@ class PrimaryServer {
    * Return the default configuration Properties.
    */
   static synchronized Properties getProperties() {
-    if (globalProperties == null) {
-      globalProperties = PropertiesLoader.load();
-    }
     if (defaultServerName == null) {
       defaultServerName = determineDefaultServerName();
     }
-    return globalProperties;
-
+    return Config.asProperties();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -62,15 +56,9 @@ class PrimaryServer {
     defaultServerName = System.getProperty("db", defaultServerName);
     defaultServerName = System.getProperty("ebean_db", defaultServerName);
     if (isEmpty(defaultServerName)) {
-      defaultServerName = System.getProperty("datasource.default");
+      defaultServerName = Config.get("datasource.default", null);
       if (isEmpty(defaultServerName)) {
-        defaultServerName = System.getProperty("ebean.default.datasource");
-        if (isEmpty(defaultServerName)) {
-          defaultServerName = globalProperties.getProperty("datasource.default");
-          if (isEmpty(defaultServerName)) {
-            defaultServerName = globalProperties.getProperty("ebean.default.datasource");
-          }
-        }
+        defaultServerName = Config.get("ebean.default.datasource", null);
       }
     }
     if (defaultServerName == null) {

src/main/java/io/ebean/DocumentStore.java

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * Customer customer =
-   *   server.find(Customer.class)
+   *   database.find(Customer.class)
    *     .setUseDocStore(true)
    *     .setId(42)
    *     .findOne();
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * List<Customer> newCustomers =
-   *  server.find(Customer.class)
+   *  database.find(Customer.class)
    *    .setUseDocStore(true)
    *    .where().eq("status, Customer.Status.NEW)
    *    .findList();
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * PagedList<Customer> newCustomers =
-   *  server.find(Customer.class)
+   *  database.find(Customer.class)
    *    .setUseDocStore(true)
    *    .where().eq("status, Customer.Status.NEW)
    *    .setMaxRows(50)
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  server.find(Order.class)
+   *  database.find(Order.class)
    *    .setUseDocStore(true)
    *    .where()... // perhaps add predicates
    *    .findEach((Order order) -> {
@@ -145,11 +145,11 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  server.find(Order.class)
+   *  database.find(Order.class)
    *    .setUseDocStore(true)
    *    .where()... // perhaps add predicates
    *    .findEachWhile(new Predicate<Order>() {
-   *      @Override
+   *      ＠Override
    *      public void accept(Order bean) {
    *        // process the bean
    *
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    * Drop the index from the document store (similar to DDL drop table).
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   DocumentStore documentStore = server.docStore();
+   *   DocumentStore documentStore = database.docStore();
    *
    *   documentStore.dropIndex("product_copy");
    *
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    * Create an index given a mapping file as a resource in the classPath (similar to DDL create table).
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   DocumentStore documentStore = server.docStore();
+   *   DocumentStore documentStore = database.docStore();
    *
    *   // uses product_copy.mapping.json resource
    *   // ... to define mappings for the index
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  // predicates to select the source documents to copy
-   *  Query<Product> query = server.find(Product.class)
+   *  Query<Product> query = database.find(Product.class)
    *    .where()
    *      .ge("whenModified", new Timestamp(since))
    *      .ge("name", "A")

src/main/java/io/ebean/DtoQuery.java

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import java.util.function.Predicate;
  *   String sql = "select id, name from customer where name like :name and status_code = :status";
  *
  *   List<CustomerDto> beans =
- *     Ebean.findDto(CustomerDto.class, sql)
+ *     DB.findDto(CustomerDto.class, sql)
  *     .setParameter("name", "Acme%")
  *     .setParameter("status", "ACTIVE")
  *     .findList();
@@ -77,12 +77,29 @@ public interface DtoQuery<T> {
   Optional<T> findOneOrEmpty();
 
   /**
-   * The same as bind for named parameters.
+   * Bind all the parameters using index positions.
+   * <p>
+   * Binds each parameter moving the index position each time.
+   * <p>
+   * A convenience for multiple calls to {@link #setParameter(Object)}
+   */
+  DtoQuery<T> setParameters(Object... value);
+
+  /**
+   * Bind the next parameter using index position.
+   * <p>
+   * Bind the parameter using index position starting at 1 and incrementing.
+   * <p>
+   */
+  DtoQuery<T> setParameter(Object value);
+
+  /**
+   * Bind the named parameter.
    */
   DtoQuery<T> setParameter(String name, Object value);
 
   /**
-   * The same as bind for positioned parameters.
+   * Bind the parameter by its index position (1 based like JDBC).
    */
   DtoQuery<T> setParameter(int position, Object value);
 
@@ -109,6 +126,12 @@ public interface DtoQuery<T> {
    */
   DtoQuery<T> setLabel(String label);
 
+  /**
+   * Set the profile location of this query. This is used to relate query execution metrics
+   * back to a location like a specific line of code.
+   */
+  DtoQuery<T> setProfileLocation(ProfileLocation profileLocation);
+
   /**
    * Set a timeout on this query.
    * <p>
@@ -130,4 +153,8 @@ public interface DtoQuery<T> {
    */
   DtoQuery<T> setBufferFetchSizeHint(int bufferFetchSizeHint);
 
+  /**
+   * Use the explicit transaction to execute the query.
+   */
+  DtoQuery<T> usingTransaction(Transaction transaction);
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/Ebean.java

@@ -2,245 +2,39 @@ package io.ebean;
 
 import io.ebean.annotation.TxIsolation;
 import io.ebean.cache.ServerCacheManager;
-import io.ebean.config.BeanNotEnhancedException;
-import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
-import io.ebean.datasource.DataSourceConfigurationException;
 import io.ebean.plugin.Property;
 import io.ebean.text.csv.CsvReader;
 import io.ebean.text.json.JsonContext;
-import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
 import javax.persistence.OptimisticLockException;
 import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
 import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
-import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 
 /**
- * This Ebean object is effectively a singleton that holds a map of registered
- * {@link EbeanServer}s. It additionally provides a convenient way to use the
- * 'default' EbeanServer.
+ * Deprecated - please migrate to use <code>io.ebean.DB</code>.
  * <p>
- * If you are using a Dependency Injection framework such as
- * <strong>Spring</strong> or <strong>Guice</strong> you will probably
- * <strong>NOT</strong> use this Ebean singleton object. Instead you will
- * configure and construct EbeanServer instances using {@link ServerConfig} and
- * {@link EbeanServerFactory} and inject those EbeanServer instances into your
- * data access objects.
- * </p>
+ * Ebean is a registry of {@link Database} by name. Ebean has now been renamed to {@link DB}.
  * <p>
- * In documentation "Ebean singleton" refers to this object.
- * </p>
- * <ul>
- * <li>There is one EbeanServer per Database (javax.sql.DataSource).</li>
- * <li>EbeanServers can be 'registered' with the Ebean singleton (put into its
- * map). Registered EbeanServer's can later be retrieved via
- * {@link #getServer(String)}.</li>
- * <li>One EbeanServer can be referred to as the 'default' EbeanServer. For
- * convenience, the Ebean singleton (this object) provides methods such as
- * {@link #find(Class)} that proxy through to the 'default' EbeanServer. This
- * can be useful for applications that use a single database.</li>
- * </ul>
+ * Ebean is effectively this is an alias for {@link DB} which is the new and improved name for Ebean.
  * <p>
- * For developer convenience Ebean has static methods that proxy through to the
- * methods on the <em>'default'</em> EbeanServer. These methods are provided for
- * developers who are mostly using a single database. Many developers will be
- * able to use the methods on Ebean rather than get a EbeanServer.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * EbeanServers can be created and used without ever needing or using the Ebean
- * singleton. Refer to {@link ServerConfig#setRegister(boolean)}.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * You can either programmatically create/register EbeanServers via
- * {@link EbeanServerFactory} or they can automatically be created and
- * registered when you first use the Ebean singleton. When EbeanServers are
- * created automatically they are configured using information in the
- * ebean.properties file.
- * </p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- *   // fetch shipped orders (and also their customer)
- *   List<Order> list = Ebean.find(Order.class)
- * 	  .fetch("customer")
- * 	  .where()
- * 	  .eq("status.code", Order.Status.SHIPPED)
- * 	  .findList();
- *
- *   // read/use the order list ...
- *   for (Order order : list) {
- * 	   Customer customer = order.getCustomer();
- * 	   ...
- *   }
- *
- * }</pre>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- *   // fetch order 10, modify and save
- *   Order order = Ebean.find(Order.class, 10);
- *
- *   OrderStatus shipped = Ebean.getReference(OrderStatus.class,"SHIPPED");
- *   order.setStatus(shipped);
- *   order.setShippedDate(shippedDate);
- *   ...
- *
- *   // implicitly creates a transaction and commits
- *   Ebean.save(order);
- *
- * }</pre>
- * <p>
- * When you have multiple databases and need access to a specific one the
- * {@link #getServer(String)} method provides access to the EbeanServer for that
- * specific database.
- * </p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- *   // Get access to the Human Resources EbeanServer/Database
- *   EbeanServer hrDb = Ebean.getServer("hr");
- *
- *   // fetch contact 3 from the HR database
- *   Contact contact = hrDb.find(Contact.class, 3);
- *
- *   contact.setName("I'm going to change");
- *   ...
- *
- *   // save the contact back to the HR database
- *   hrDb.save(contact);
- *
- * }</pre>
+ * The preference is to use DB and Database rather than Ebean and EbeanServer.
  */
+@Deprecated
 public final class Ebean {
-  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Ebean.class);
 
-  static {
-    EbeanVersion.getVersion(); // initalizes the version class and logs the version.
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Manages creation and cache of EbeanServers.
-   */
-  private static final Ebean.ServerManager serverMgr = new Ebean.ServerManager();
-
-  /**
-   * Helper class for managing fast and safe access and creation of
-   * EbeanServers.
-   */
-  private static final class ServerManager {
-
-    /**
-     * Cache for fast concurrent read access.
-     */
-    private final ConcurrentHashMap<String, EbeanServer> concMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
-
-    /**
-     * Cache for synchronized read, creation and put. Protected by the monitor object.
-     */
-    private final HashMap<String, EbeanServer> syncMap = new HashMap<>();
-
-    private final Object monitor = new Object();
-
-    /**
-     * The 'default' EbeanServer.
-     */
-    private EbeanServer defaultServer;
-
-    private ServerManager() {
-
-      try {
-        if (!PrimaryServer.isSkip()) {
-          // look to see if there is a default server defined
-          String defaultName = PrimaryServer.getDefaultServerName();
-          logger.debug("defaultName:{}", defaultName);
-          if (defaultName != null && !defaultName.trim().isEmpty()) {
-            defaultServer = getWithCreate(defaultName.trim());
-          }
-        }
-      } catch (BeanNotEnhancedException e) {
-        throw e;
-
-      } catch (DataSourceConfigurationException e) {
-        String msg = "Configuration error creating DataSource for the default EbeanServer." +
-          " This typically means a missing application-test.yaml or missing ebean-test-config dependency." +
-          " See https://ebean.io/docs/trouble-shooting#datasource";
-        throw new DataSourceConfigurationException(msg, e);
-
-      } catch (Throwable e) {
-        logger.error("Error trying to create the default EbeanServer", e);
-        throw new RuntimeException(e);
-      }
-    }
-
-    private EbeanServer getDefaultServer() {
-      if (defaultServer == null) {
-        String msg = "The default EbeanServer has not been defined?";
-        msg += " This is normally set via the ebean.datasource.default property.";
-        msg += " Otherwise it should be registered programmatically via registerServer()";
-        throw new PersistenceException(msg);
-      }
-      return defaultServer;
-    }
-
-    private EbeanServer get(String name) {
-      if (name == null || name.isEmpty()) {
-        return defaultServer;
-      }
-      // non-synchronized read
-      EbeanServer server = concMap.get(name);
-      if (server != null) {
-        return server;
-      }
-      // synchronized read, create and put
-      return getWithCreate(name);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Synchronized read, create and put of EbeanServers.
-     */
-    private EbeanServer getWithCreate(String name) {
-
-      synchronized (monitor) {
-
-        EbeanServer server = syncMap.get(name);
-        if (server == null) {
-          // register when creating server this way
-          server = EbeanServerFactory.create(name);
-          register(server, false);
-        }
-        return server;
-      }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Register a server so we can get it by its name.
-     */
-    private void register(EbeanServer server, boolean isDefaultServer) {
-      registerWithName(server.getName(), server, isDefaultServer);
-    }
-
-    private void registerWithName(String name, EbeanServer server, boolean isDefaultServer) {
-      synchronized (monitor) {
-        concMap.put(name, server);
-        syncMap.put(name, server);
-        if (isDefaultServer) {
-          defaultServer = server;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-  }
+  private static final DbContext context = DbContext.getInstance();
 
   private Ebean() {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Get the EbeanServer for a given DataSource. If name is null this will
+   * Get the Database for a given DataSource. If name is null this will
    * return the 'default' EbeanServer.
    * <p>
    * This is provided to access EbeanServer for databases other than the
@@ -258,7 +52,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @param name the name of the server, can use null for the 'default server'
    */
   public static EbeanServer getServer(String name) {
-    return serverMgr.get(name);
+    return (EbeanServer)context.get(name);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -268,11 +62,31 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static EbeanServer getDefaultServer() {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer();
+    return (EbeanServer)context.getDefault();
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return the ExpressionFactory from the default server.
+   * Register the server with this Ebean singleton. Specify if the registered
+   * server is the primary/default database.
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  public static void register(EbeanServer server, boolean defaultServer) {
+    context.register(server, defaultServer);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Backdoor for registering a mock implementation of EbeanServer as the default database.
+   */
+  protected static EbeanServer mock(String name, EbeanServer server, boolean defaultServer) {
+    return (EbeanServer)context.mock(name, server, defaultServer);
+  }
+
+  private static Database getDefault() {
+    return context.getDefault();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the ExpressionFactory from the default database.
    * <p>
    * The ExpressionFactory is used internally by the query and ExpressionList to
    * build the WHERE and HAVING clauses. Alternatively you can use the
@@ -289,24 +103,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static ExpressionFactory getExpressionFactory() {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().getExpressionFactory();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Register the server with this Ebean singleton. Specify if the registered
-   * server is the primary/default server.
-   */
-  public static void register(EbeanServer server, boolean defaultServer) {
-    serverMgr.register(server, defaultServer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Backdoor for registering a mock implementation of EbeanServer as the default server.
-   */
-  protected static EbeanServer mock(String name, EbeanServer server, boolean defaultServer) {
-    EbeanServer originalPrimaryServer = serverMgr.defaultServer;
-    serverMgr.registerWithName(name, server, defaultServer);
-    return originalPrimaryServer;
+    return getDefault().getExpressionFactory();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -322,7 +119,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static Object nextId(Class<?> beanType) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().nextId(beanType);
+    return getDefault().nextId(beanType);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -368,7 +165,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static Transaction beginTransaction() {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().beginTransaction();
+    return getDefault().beginTransaction();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -377,7 +174,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @param isolation the Transaction isolation level
    */
   public static Transaction beginTransaction(TxIsolation isolation) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().beginTransaction(isolation);
+    return getDefault().beginTransaction(isolation);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -430,7 +227,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * }</pre>
    */
   public static Transaction beginTransaction(TxScope scope) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().beginTransaction(scope);
+    return getDefault().beginTransaction(scope);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -438,7 +235,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * in scope.
    */
   public static Transaction currentTransaction() {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().currentTransaction();
+    return getDefault().currentTransaction();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -468,21 +265,21 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @throws PersistenceException if there is no currently active transaction
    */
   public static void register(TransactionCallback transactionCallback) throws PersistenceException {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().register(transactionCallback);
+    getDefault().register(transactionCallback);
   }
 
   /**
    * Commit the current transaction.
    */
   public static void commitTransaction() {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().commitTransaction();
+    getDefault().commitTransaction();
   }
 
   /**
    * Rollback the current transaction.
    */
   public static void rollbackTransaction() {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().rollbackTransaction();
+    getDefault().rollbackTransaction();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -510,14 +307,14 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * }</pre>
    */
   public static void endTransaction() {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().endTransaction();
+    getDefault().endTransaction();
   }
 
   /**
    * Mark the current transaction as rollback only.
    */
   public static void setRollbackOnly() {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().currentTransaction().setRollbackOnly();
+    getDefault().currentTransaction().setRollbackOnly();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -528,7 +325,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static Map<String, ValuePair> diff(Object a, Object b) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().diff(a, b);
+    return getDefault().diff(a, b);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -549,7 +346,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * <pre>{@code
    *   public class Order { ...
    *
-   * 	   @OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy="order")
+   *     ＠OneToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL, mappedBy="order")
    * 	   List<OrderDetail> details;
    * 	   ...
    *   }
@@ -562,7 +359,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static void save(Object bean) throws OptimisticLockException {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().save(bean);
+    getDefault().save(bean);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -570,14 +367,14 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * want to explicitly insert it.
    */
   public static void insert(Object bean) {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().insert(bean);
+    getDefault().insert(bean);
   }
 
   /**
    * Insert a collection of beans.
    */
   public static void insertAll(Collection<?> beans) {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().insertAll(beans);
+    getDefault().insertAll(beans);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -600,7 +397,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * }</pre>
    */
   public static void markAsDirty(Object bean) throws OptimisticLockException {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().markAsDirty(bean);
+    getDefault().markAsDirty(bean);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -615,38 +412,26 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * <b>Optimistic Locking: </b> Note that if the version property is not set when update() is
    * called then no optimistic locking is performed (internally ConcurrencyMode.NONE is used).
    * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * <b>{@link ServerConfig#setUpdatesDeleteMissingChildren(boolean)}: </b> When cascade saving to a
-   * OneToMany or ManyToMany the updatesDeleteMissingChildren setting controls if any other children
-   * that are in the database but are not in the collection are deleted.
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * <b>{@link ServerConfig#setUpdateChangesOnly(boolean)}: </b> The updateChangesOnly setting
-   * controls if only the changed properties are included in the update or if all the loaded
-   * properties are included instead.
-   * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   // A 'stateless update' example
    *   Customer customer = new Customer();
    *   customer.setId(7);
    *   customer.setName("ModifiedNameNoOCC");
-   *   ebeanServer.update(customer);
+   *
+   *   DB.update(customer);
    *
    * }</pre>
-   *
-   * @see ServerConfig#setUpdatesDeleteMissingChildren(boolean)
-   * @see ServerConfig#setUpdateChangesOnly(boolean)
    */
   public static void update(Object bean) throws OptimisticLockException {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().update(bean);
+    getDefault().update(bean);
   }
 
   /**
    * Update the beans in the collection.
    */
   public static void updateAll(Collection<?> beans) throws OptimisticLockException {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().updateAll(beans);
+    getDefault().updateAll(beans);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -655,7 +440,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @param bean The bean to merge
    */
   public static void merge(Object bean) {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().merge(bean);
+    getDefault().merge(bean);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -665,14 +450,14 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @param options The options to control the merge
    */
   public static void merge(Object bean, MergeOptions options) {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().merge(bean, options);
+    getDefault().merge(bean, options);
   }
 
   /**
    * Save all the beans from a Collection.
    */
   public static int saveAll(Collection<?> beans) throws OptimisticLockException {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().saveAll(beans);
+    return getDefault().saveAll(beans);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -723,7 +508,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    */
   @Nonnull
   public static Set<Property> checkUniqueness(Object bean) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().checkUniqueness(bean);
+    return getDefault().checkUniqueness(bean);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -731,7 +516,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    */
   @Nonnull
   public static Set<Property> checkUniqueness(Object bean, Transaction transaction) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().checkUniqueness(bean, transaction);
+    return getDefault().checkUniqueness(bean, transaction);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -754,56 +539,56 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static boolean delete(Object bean) throws OptimisticLockException {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().delete(bean);
+    return getDefault().delete(bean);
   }
 
   /**
    * Delete the bean in permanent fashion (will not use soft delete).
    */
   public static boolean deletePermanent(Object bean) throws OptimisticLockException {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().deletePermanent(bean);
+    return getDefault().deletePermanent(bean);
   }
 
   /**
    * Delete the bean given its type and id.
    */
   public static int delete(Class<?> beanType, Object id) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().delete(beanType, id);
+    return getDefault().delete(beanType, id);
   }
 
   /**
    * Delete permanent the bean given its type and id.
    */
   public static int deletePermanent(Class<?> beanType, Object id) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().deletePermanent(beanType, id);
+    return getDefault().deletePermanent(beanType, id);
   }
 
   /**
    * Delete several beans given their type and id values.
    */
   public static int deleteAll(Class<?> beanType, Collection<?> ids) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().deleteAll(beanType, ids);
+    return getDefault().deleteAll(beanType, ids);
   }
 
   /**
    * Delete permanent several beans given their type and id values.
    */
   public static int deleteAllPermanent(Class<?> beanType, Collection<?> ids) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().deleteAllPermanent(beanType, ids);
+    return getDefault().deleteAllPermanent(beanType, ids);
   }
 
   /**
    * Delete all the beans in the Collection.
    */
   public static int deleteAll(Collection<?> beans) throws OptimisticLockException {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().deleteAll(beans);
+    return getDefault().deleteAll(beans);
   }
 
   /**
    * Delete permanent all the beans in the Collection (will not use soft delete).
    */
   public static int deleteAllPermanent(Collection<?> beans) throws OptimisticLockException {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().deleteAllPermanent(beans);
+    return getDefault().deleteAllPermanent(beans);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -814,7 +599,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static void refresh(Object bean) {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().refresh(bean);
+    getDefault().refresh(bean);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -832,7 +617,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @param manyPropertyName the property name of the List Set or Map to refresh.
    */
   public static void refreshMany(Object bean, String manyPropertyName) {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().refreshMany(bean, manyPropertyName);
+    getDefault().refreshMany(bean, manyPropertyName);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -857,7 +642,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @param id       the id value
    */
   public static <T> T getReference(Class<T> beanType, Object id) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().getReference(beanType, id);
+    return getDefault().getReference(beanType, id);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -883,7 +668,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *   // find orders and their customers
    *   List<Order> list = Ebean.find(Order.class)
    *     .fetch("customer")
-   *     .orderBy("id")
+   *     .order("id")
    *     .findList();
    *
    *   // sort by customer name ascending, then by order shipDate
@@ -900,7 +685,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @param sortByClause the properties to sort the list by
    */
   public static <T> void sort(List<T> list, String sortByClause) {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().sort(list, sortByClause);
+    getDefault().sort(list, sortByClause);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -950,10 +735,12 @@ public final class Ebean {
    */
   @Nullable
   public static <T> T find(Class<T> beanType, Object id) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().find(beanType, id);
+    return getDefault().find(beanType, id);
   }
 
   /**
+   * Deprecated - migrate to DB.sqlQuery().
+   * <p>
    * Create a SqlQuery for executing native sql
    * query statements.
    * <p>
@@ -961,22 +748,24 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * annotation for examples.
    * </p>
    */
+  @Deprecated
   public static SqlQuery createSqlQuery(String sql) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().createSqlQuery(sql);
+    return getDefault().sqlQuery(sql);
   }
 
   /**
+   * Deprecated - migrate to DB.sqlUpdate().
+   * <p>
    * Create a sql update for executing native dml statements.
    * <p>
    * Use this to execute a Insert Update or Delete statement. The statement will
    * be native to the database and contain database table and column names.
-   * </p>
    * <p>
    * See {@link SqlUpdate} for example usage.
-   * </p>
    */
+  @Deprecated
   public static SqlUpdate createSqlUpdate(String sql) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().createSqlUpdate(sql);
+    return getDefault().sqlUpdate(sql);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -985,7 +774,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @see CallableSql
    */
   public static CallableSql createCallableSql(String sql) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().createCallableSql(sql);
+    return getDefault().createCallableSql(sql);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1017,16 +806,14 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * }</pre>
    */
   public static <T> Update<T> createUpdate(Class<T> beanType, String ormUpdate) {
-
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().createUpdate(beanType, ormUpdate);
+    return getDefault().createUpdate(beanType, ormUpdate);
   }
 
   /**
    * Create a CsvReader for a given beanType.
    */
   public static <T> CsvReader<T> createCsvReader(Class<T> beanType) {
-
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().createCsvReader(beanType);
+    return getDefault().createCsvReader(beanType);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1041,7 +828,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @return The query
    */
   public static <T> Query<T> createNamedQuery(Class<T> beanType, String namedQuery) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().createNamedQuery(beanType, namedQuery);
+    return getDefault().createNamedQuery(beanType, namedQuery);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1064,8 +851,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @return A ORM Query object for this beanType
    */
   public static <T> Query<T> createQuery(Class<T> beanType) {
-
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().createQuery(beanType);
+    return getDefault().createQuery(beanType);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1102,8 +888,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @return The query with expressions defined as per the parsed query statement
    */
   public static <T> Query<T> createQuery(Class<T> beanType, String eql) {
-
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().createQuery(beanType, eql);
+    return getDefault().createQuery(beanType, eql);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1118,8 +903,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @return A ORM Query object for this beanType
    */
   public static <T> Query<T> find(Class<T> beanType) {
-
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().find(beanType);
+    return getDefault().find(beanType);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1131,10 +915,9 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *
    *   String sql = "select c.id, c.name from customer c where c.name like ? order by c.name";
    *
-   *   Query<Customer> query = ebeanServer.findNative(Customer.class, sql);
-   *   query.setParameter(1, "Rob%");
-   *
-   *   List<Customer> customers = query.findList();
+   *   List<Customer> customers = DB.findNative(Customer.class, sql)
+   *     .setParameter(1, "Rob%")
+   *     .findList()
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
@@ -1143,7 +926,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @return The query to set parameters and execute
    */
   public static <T> Query<T> findNative(Class<T> beanType, String nativeSql) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().findNative(beanType, nativeSql);
+    return getDefault().findNative(beanType, nativeSql);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1158,7 +941,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @param <T>     The type of the DTO bean.
    */
   public static <T> DtoQuery<T> findDto(Class<T> dtoType, String sql) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().findDto(dtoType, sql);
+    return getDefault().findDto(dtoType, sql);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1180,7 +963,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @return The update query to use
    */
   public static <T> UpdateQuery<T> update(Class<T> beanType) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().update(beanType);
+    return getDefault().update(beanType);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1194,7 +977,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static <T> Filter<T> filter(Class<T> beanType) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().filter(beanType);
+    return getDefault().filter(beanType);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1237,7 +1020,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @see Ebean#execute(CallableSql)
    */
   public static int execute(SqlUpdate sqlUpdate) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().execute(sqlUpdate);
+    return getDefault().execute(sqlUpdate);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1265,7 +1048,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @see Ebean#execute(SqlUpdate)
    */
   public static int execute(CallableSql callableSql) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().execute(callableSql);
+    return getDefault().execute(callableSql);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1283,13 +1066,13 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * 	   public void run() {
    * 		   User u1 = Ebean.find(User.class, 1);
    * 		   ...
-   * 	   }
+   *     }
    *   });
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
   public static void execute(TxScope scope, Runnable r) {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().execute(scope, r);
+    getDefault().execute(scope, r);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1316,7 +1099,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * }</pre>
    */
   public static void execute(Runnable r) {
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().execute(r);
+    getDefault().execute(r);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1335,13 +1118,13 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * 		   User u1 = Ebean.find(User.class, 1);
    * 		   ...
    * 		   return u1.getEmail();
-   * 	   }
+   *     }
    *   });
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
   public static <T> T executeCall(TxScope scope, Callable<T> c) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().executeCall(scope, c);
+    return getDefault().executeCall(scope, c);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1374,7 +1157,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * }</pre>
    */
   public static <T> T executeCall(Callable<T> c) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().executeCall(c);
+    return getDefault().executeCall(c);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1408,8 +1191,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * @param deletes   true if rows on the table where deleted
    */
   public static void externalModification(String tableName, boolean inserts, boolean updates, boolean deletes) {
-
-    serverMgr.getDefaultServer().externalModification(tableName, inserts, updates, deletes);
+    getDefault().externalModification(tableName, inserts, updates, deletes);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1419,14 +1201,14 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    */
   public static BeanState getBeanState(Object bean) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().getBeanState(bean);
+    return getDefault().getBeanState(bean);
   }
 
   /**
    * Return the manager of the server cache ("L2" cache).
    */
   public static ServerCacheManager getServerCacheManager() {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().getServerCacheManager();
+    return getDefault().getServerCacheManager();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -1434,14 +1216,14 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * queries.
    */
   public static BackgroundExecutor getBackgroundExecutor() {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().getBackgroundExecutor();
+    return getDefault().getBackgroundExecutor();
   }
 
   /**
    * Return the JsonContext for reading/writing JSON.
    */
   public static JsonContext json() {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().json();
+    return getDefault().json();
   }
 
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/EbeanServerFactory.java

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import java.util.Properties;
 import java.util.ServiceLoader;
 
 /**
+ * Deprecated - please migrate to DatabaseFactory.
+ * <p>
  * Creates EbeanServer instances.
  * <p>
  * This uses either a ServerConfig or properties in the ebean.properties file to
@@ -28,6 +30,7 @@ import java.util.ServiceLoader;
  * convenient way of using the 'default/primary' EbeanServer.
  * </p>
  */
+@Deprecated
 public class EbeanServerFactory {
 
 
@@ -48,7 +51,7 @@ public class EbeanServerFactory {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Create using ebean.properties to configure the server.
+   * Create using ebean.properties to configure the database.
    */
   public static synchronized EbeanServer create(String name) {
 
@@ -59,7 +62,7 @@ public class EbeanServerFactory {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Create using the ServerConfig object to configure the server.
+   * Create using the ServerConfig object to configure the database.
    */
   public static synchronized EbeanServer create(ServerConfig config) {
 
@@ -70,7 +73,7 @@ public class EbeanServerFactory {
     EbeanServer server = createInternal(config);
 
     if (config.isRegister()) {
-      PrimaryServer.setSkip(true);
+      DbPrimary.setSkip(true);
       Ebean.register(server, config.isDefaultServer());
     }
 
@@ -123,7 +126,7 @@ public class EbeanServerFactory {
 
     if (containerConfig == null) {
       // effectively load configuration from ebean.properties
-      Properties properties = PrimaryServer.getProperties();
+      Properties properties = DbPrimary.getProperties();
       containerConfig = new ContainerConfig();
       containerConfig.loadFromProperties(properties);
     }

src/main/java/io/ebean/EbeanVersion.java

@@ -6,22 +6,22 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.util.Properties;
+
 /**
- * Class to determine the ebean version. (
- * @author Roland Praml, FOCONIS AG
+ * Class to determine the ebean version.
  *
+ * @author Roland Praml, FOCONIS AG
  */
 public class EbeanVersion {
-  private EbeanVersion() {
 
-  }
   private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EbeanVersion.class);
 
   private static String version = "unknown";
+
   static {
     try {
       Properties prop = new Properties();
-      try (InputStream in = Ebean.class.getResourceAsStream("/META-INF/maven/io.ebean/ebean/pom.properties")) {
+      try (InputStream in = DB.class.getResourceAsStream("/META-INF/maven/io.ebean/ebean/pom.properties")) {
         if (in != null) {
           prop.load(in);
           in.close();
@@ -34,6 +34,10 @@ public class EbeanVersion {
     }
   }
 
+  private EbeanVersion() {
+    // hide
+  }
+
   /**
    * Returns the ebean version (read from /META-INF/maven/io.ebean/ebean/pom.properties)
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/EmptyPagedList.java

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package io.ebean;
+
+import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+
+/**
+ * An empty PagedList.
+ * <p>
+ * For use in application code when we need to return a PagedList but don't want to
+ * execute a query.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *
+ *   PagedList<Customer> empty = PagedList.emptyList();
+ *
+ * }</pre>
+ */
+public class EmptyPagedList<T> implements PagedList<T> {
+
+  @Override
+  public void loadCount() {
+    // do nothing
+  }
+
+  @Nonnull
+  @Override
+  public Future<Integer> getFutureCount() {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  @Nonnull
+  @Override
+  public List<T> getList() {
+    return Collections.emptyList();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int getTotalCount() {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int getTotalPageCount() {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int getPageSize() {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int getPageIndex() {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean hasNext() {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean hasPrev() {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String getDisplayXtoYofZ(String to, String of) {
+    return "";
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExampleExpression.java

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ package io.ebean;
  * example.setName("Rob%");
  * example.setNotes("%something%");
  *
- * List<Customer> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+ * List<Customer> list =
+ *     DB.find(Customer.class)
  *         .where()
  *         // pass the bean into the where() clause
  *         .exampleLike(example)
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  *     .includeZeros();
  *
  * List<Customer> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+ *     DB.find(Customer.class)
  *         .where()
  *         .add(qbe)
  *         .findList();

src/main/java/io/ebean/Expr.java

@@ -13,27 +13,15 @@ import java.util.Map;
  * {@link Query#where()}.
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * This provides a convenient way to create expressions for the 'Default'
- * server. It is actually a short cut for using the ExpressionFactory of the
- * 'default' EbeanServer.
+ * This provides a convenient way to create expressions for the default
+ * database.
  * <p>
- * See also {@link Ebean#getExpressionFactory()}
+ * See also {@link DB#getExpressionFactory()}
  * </p>
  * <p>
  * Creates standard common expressions for using in a Query Where or Having
  * clause.
  * </p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- * // Example: Using an Expr.or() method
- * Query<Order> query = Ebean.createQuery(Order.class);
- * query.where(
- *     Expr.or(Expr.eq("status", Order.NEW),
- *             Expr.gt("orderDate", lastWeek));
- *
- * List<Order> list = query.findList();
- * ...
- * }</pre>
  *
  * @see Query#where()
  */
@@ -46,14 +34,14 @@ public class Expr {
    * Equal To - property equal to the given value.
    */
   public static Expression eq(String propertyName, Object value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().eq(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().eq(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
    * Not Equal To - property not equal to the given value.
    */
   public static Expression ne(String propertyName, Object value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().ne(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().ne(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -61,30 +49,38 @@ public class Expr {
    * using a lower() function to make it case insensitive).
    */
   public static Expression ieq(String propertyName, String value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().ieq(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().ieq(propertyName, value);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * In Range - {@code property >= value1 and property < value2}.
+   * <p>
+   * Unlike Between inRange is "half open" and usually more useful for use with dates or timestamps.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  public static Expression inRange(String propertyName, Object value1, Object value2) {
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().inRange(propertyName, value1, value2);
   }
 
   /**
    * Between - property between the two given values.
    */
   public static Expression between(String propertyName, Object value1, Object value2) {
-
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().between(propertyName, value1, value2);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().between(propertyName, value1, value2);
   }
 
   /**
    * Between - value between two given properties.
    */
   public static Expression between(String lowProperty, String highProperty, Object value) {
-
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().betweenProperties(lowProperty, highProperty, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().betweenProperties(lowProperty, highProperty, value);
   }
 
   /**
    * Greater Than - property greater than the given value.
    */
   public static Expression gt(String propertyName, Object value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().gt(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().gt(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -92,42 +88,42 @@ public class Expr {
    * value.
    */
   public static Expression ge(String propertyName, Object value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().ge(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().ge(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
    * Less Than - property less than the given value.
    */
   public static Expression lt(String propertyName, Object value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().lt(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().lt(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
    * Less Than or Equal to - property less than or equal to the given value.
    */
   public static Expression le(String propertyName, Object value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().le(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().le(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
    * Is Null - property is null.
    */
   public static Expression isNull(String propertyName) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().isNull(propertyName);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().isNull(propertyName);
   }
 
   /**
    * Is Not Null - property is not null.
    */
   public static Expression isNotNull(String propertyName) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().isNotNull(propertyName);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().isNotNull(propertyName);
   }
 
   /**
    * Case insensitive {@link #exampleLike(Object)}
    */
   public static ExampleExpression iexampleLike(Object example) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().iexampleLike(example);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().iexampleLike(example);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -135,14 +131,14 @@ public class Expr {
    * LikeType.RAW (you need to add you own wildcards % and _).
    */
   public static ExampleExpression exampleLike(Object example) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().exampleLike(example);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().exampleLike(example);
   }
 
   /**
    * Create the query by Example expression specifying more options.
    */
   public static ExampleExpression exampleLike(Object example, boolean caseInsensitive, LikeType likeType) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().exampleLike(example, caseInsensitive, likeType);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().exampleLike(example, caseInsensitive, likeType);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -150,7 +146,7 @@ public class Expr {
    * characters % (percentage) and _ (underscore).
    */
   public static Expression like(String propertyName, String value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().like(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().like(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -159,14 +155,14 @@ public class Expr {
    * a lower() function to make the expression case insensitive.
    */
   public static Expression ilike(String propertyName, String value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().ilike(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().ilike(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
    * Starts With - property like value%.
    */
   public static Expression startsWith(String propertyName, String value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().startsWith(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().startsWith(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -174,14 +170,14 @@ public class Expr {
    * lower() function to make the expression case insensitive.
    */
   public static Expression istartsWith(String propertyName, String value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().istartsWith(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().istartsWith(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
    * Ends With - property like %value.
    */
   public static Expression endsWith(String propertyName, String value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().endsWith(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().endsWith(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -189,14 +185,14 @@ public class Expr {
    * function to make the expression case insensitive.
    */
   public static Expression iendsWith(String propertyName, String value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().iendsWith(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().iendsWith(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
    * Contains - property like %value%.
    */
   public static Expression contains(String propertyName, String value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().contains(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().contains(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -204,49 +200,86 @@ public class Expr {
    * function to make the expression case insensitive.
    */
   public static Expression icontains(String propertyName, String value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().icontains(propertyName, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().icontains(propertyName, value);
   }
 
   /**
    * For collection properties that are empty (have not existing elements).
    */
   public static Expression isEmpty(String propertyName) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().isEmpty(propertyName);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().isEmpty(propertyName);
   }
 
   /**
    * For collection properties that are not empty (have existing elements).
    */
   public static Expression isNotEmpty(String propertyName) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().isNotEmpty(propertyName);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().isNotEmpty(propertyName);
   }
 
   /**
    * In - property has a value in the array of values.
    */
   public static Expression in(String propertyName, Object[] values) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().in(propertyName, values);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().in(propertyName, values);
   }
 
   /**
    * In - using a subQuery.
    */
   public static Expression in(String propertyName, Query<?> subQuery) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().in(propertyName, subQuery);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().in(propertyName, subQuery);
   }
 
   /**
    * In - property has a value in the collection of values.
    */
   public static Expression in(String propertyName, Collection<?> values) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().in(propertyName, values);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().in(propertyName, values);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * In where null or empty values means that no predicate is added to the query.
+   * <p>
+   * That is, only add the IN predicate if the values are not null or empty.
+   * <p>
+   * Without this we typically need to code an <code>if</code> block to only add
+   * the IN predicate if the collection is not empty like:
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h3>Without inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where() // add some predicates
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW);
+   *
+   *   if (ids != null && !ids.isEmpty()) {
+   *     query.where().in("customer.id", ids);
+   *   }
+   *
+   *   query.findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Using inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     .inOrEmpty("customer.id", ids)
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  public static Expression inOrEmpty(String propertyName, Collection<?> values) {
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().inOrEmpty(propertyName, values);
   }
 
   /**
    * Id Equal to - ID property is equal to the value.
    */
   public static Expression idEq(Object value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().idEq(value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().idEq(value);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -259,7 +292,7 @@ public class Expr {
    * @param propertyMap a map keyed by property names.
    */
   public static Expression allEq(Map<String, Object> propertyMap) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().allEq(propertyMap);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().allEq(propertyMap);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -270,7 +303,7 @@ public class Expr {
    * </p>
    */
   public static Expression raw(String raw, Object value) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().raw(raw, value);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().raw(raw, value);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -281,14 +314,14 @@ public class Expr {
    * </p>
    */
   public static Expression raw(String raw, Object[] values) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().raw(raw, values);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().raw(raw, values);
   }
 
   /**
    * Add raw expression with no parameters.
    */
   public static Expression raw(String raw) {
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().raw(raw);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().raw(raw);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -296,7 +329,7 @@ public class Expr {
    */
   public static Expression and(Expression expOne, Expression expTwo) {
 
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().and(expOne, expTwo);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().and(expOne, expTwo);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -304,7 +337,7 @@ public class Expr {
    */
   public static Expression or(Expression expOne, Expression expTwo) {
 
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().or(expOne, expTwo);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().or(expOne, expTwo);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -312,7 +345,7 @@ public class Expr {
    */
   public static Expression not(Expression exp) {
 
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().not(exp);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().not(exp);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -320,7 +353,7 @@ public class Expr {
    */
   public static <T> Junction<T> conjunction(Query<T> query) {
 
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().conjunction(query);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().conjunction(query);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -328,6 +361,6 @@ public class Expr {
    */
   public static <T> Junction<T> disjunction(Query<T> query) {
 
-    return Ebean.getExpressionFactory().disjunction(query);
+    return DB.getExpressionFactory().disjunction(query);
   }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExpressionFactory.java

@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ import java.util.Map;
  *     Expr.or(Expr.eq("status", Order.Status.NEW),
  *             Expr.gt("orderDate", lastWeek));
  *
- * Query<Order> query = Ebean.createQuery(Order.class);
- * query.where().add(newOrLastWeek);
- * List<Order> list = query.findList();
+ * List<Order> list = DB.find(Order.class)
+ *   .where().add(newOrLastWeek)
+ *   .findList();
  * ...
  * }</pre>
  *
@@ -122,6 +122,11 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression eq(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Equal To or Null - property equal to the given value or null.
+   */
+  Expression eqOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Not Equal To - property not equal to the given value.
    */
@@ -149,6 +154,33 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression ineObject(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * In Range - {@code property >= value1 and property < value2}.
+   * <p>
+   * Unlike Between inRange is "half open" and usually more useful for use with dates or timestamps.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  Expression inRange(String propertyName, Object value1, Object value2);
+
+  /**
+   * Value in Range between 2 properties.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *    .startDate.inRangeWith(endDate, now)
+   *
+   *    // which equates to
+   *    startDate <= now and (endDate > now or endDate is null)
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <p>
+   * This is a convenience expression combining a number of simple expressions.
+   * The most common use of this could be called "effective dating" where 2 date or
+   * timestamp columns represent the date range in which
+   */
+  Expression inRangeWith(String lowProperty, String highProperty, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Between - property between the two given values.
    */
@@ -159,6 +191,14 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression betweenProperties(String lowProperty, String highProperty, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Greater Than Or Null - property greater than the given value or null.
+   * <p>
+   * A convenient expression combining GT and Is Null.  Most often useful for range
+   * expressions where the top range value is nullable.
+   */
+  Expression gtOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Greater Than - property greater than the given value.
    */
@@ -170,6 +210,14 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression ge(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Less Than or Null - property less than the given value or null.
+   * <p>
+   * A convenient expression combining LT and Is Null.  Most often useful for range
+   * expressions where the bottom range value is nullable.
+   */
+  Expression ltOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Less Than - property less than the given value.
    */
@@ -277,6 +325,41 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   Expression in(String propertyName, Collection<?> values);
 
+  /**
+   * In where null or empty values means that no predicate is added to the query.
+   * <p>
+   * That is, only add the IN predicate if the values are not null or empty.
+   * <p>
+   * Without this we typically need to code an <code>if</code> block to only add
+   * the IN predicate if the collection is not empty like:
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h3>Without inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where() // add some predicates
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW);
+   *
+   *   if (ids != null && !ids.isEmpty()) {
+   *     query.where().in("customer.id", ids);
+   *   }
+   *
+   *   query.findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Using inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     .inOrEmpty("customer.id", ids)
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  Expression inOrEmpty(String propertyName, Collection<?> values);
+
   /**
    * Not In - property has a value in the array of values.
    */
@@ -453,4 +536,12 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
    */
   <T> Junction<T> junction(Junction.Type type, Query<T> query, ExpressionList<T> parent);
 
+  /**
+   * Add the expressions to the given expression list.
+   *
+   * @param where       The expression list to add the expressions to
+   * @param expressions The expressions that are parsed
+   * @param params      Bind parameters to match ? or ?1 bind positions.
+   */
+  <T> void where(ExpressionList<T> where, String expressions, Object[] params);
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExpressionList.java

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import io.ebean.search.TextSimple;
 import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
 import javax.persistence.NonUniqueResultException;
+import java.sql.Connection;
 import java.sql.Timestamp;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ import java.util.function.Predicate;
  * </p>
  * <p>
  * The ExpressionList also duplicates methods that are found on the Query such
- * as findList() and orderBy(). The purpose of these methods is provide a fluid
+ * as findList() and order(). The purpose of these methods is provide a fluid
  * API. The upside of this approach is that you can build and execute a query
  * via chained methods. The down side is that this ExpressionList object has
  * more methods than you would initially expect (the ones duplicated from
@@ -51,6 +52,14 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   Query<T> query();
 
+  /**
+   * Controls, if paginated queries should always append an 'order by id' statement at the end to
+   * guarantee a deterministic sort result. This may affect performance.
+   * If this is not enabled, and an orderBy is set on the query, it's up to the programmer that
+   * this query provides a deterministic result.
+   */
+  Query<T> orderById(boolean orderById);
+
   /**
    * Set the order by clause replacing the existing order by clause if there is
    * one.
@@ -58,12 +67,18 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * This follows SQL syntax using commas between each property with the
    * optional asc and desc keywords representing ascending and descending order
    * respectively.
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * This is EXACTLY the same as {@link #orderBy(String)}.
-   * </p>
    */
-  Query<T> order(String orderByClause);
+  ExpressionList<T> order(String orderByClause);
+
+  /**
+   * Set the order by clause replacing the existing order by clause if there is
+   * one.
+   * <p>
+   * This follows SQL syntax using commas between each property with the
+   * optional asc and desc keywords representing ascending and descending order
+   * respectively.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> orderBy(String orderBy);
 
   /**
    * Return the OrderBy so that you can append an ascending or descending
@@ -71,7 +86,8 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * <p>
    * This will never return a null. If no order by clause exists then an 'empty'
    * OrderBy object is returned.
-   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * This is the same as <code>orderBy()</code>
    */
   OrderBy<T> order();
 
@@ -81,22 +97,15 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * <p>
    * This will never return a null. If no order by clause exists then an 'empty'
    * OrderBy object is returned.
-   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * This is the same as <code>order()</code>
    */
   OrderBy<T> orderBy();
 
   /**
-   * Add an orderBy clause to the query.
-   *
-   * @see Query#orderBy(String)
-   */
-  Query<T> orderBy(String orderBy);
-
-  /**
-   * Add an orderBy clause to the query.
-   *
-   * @see Query#orderBy(String)
+   * Deprecated migrate to {@link #orderBy(String)}
    */
+  @Deprecated
   Query<T> setOrderBy(String orderBy);
 
   /**
@@ -186,6 +195,16 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   Query<T> setIncludeSoftDeletes();
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query using the given transaction.
+   */
+  Query<T> usingTransaction(Transaction transaction);
+
+  /**
+   * Execute the query using the given connection.
+   */
+  Query<T> usingConnection(Connection connection);
+
   /**
    * Execute as a delete query deleting the 'root level' beans that match the predicates
    * in the query.
@@ -226,6 +245,32 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   int update(Transaction transaction);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning true if a row is found.
+   * <p>
+   * The query is executed using max rows of 1 and will only select the id property.
+   * This method is really just a convenient way to optimise a query to perform a
+   * 'does a row exist in the db' check.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = query().where().eq("email", "rob@foo.com").exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example using a query bean:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = new QContact().email.equalTo("rob@foo.com").exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @return True if the query finds a matching row in the database
+   */
+  boolean exists();
+
   /**
    * Execute the query iterating over the results.
    *
@@ -290,27 +335,27 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Execute the query returning a list of values for a single property.
-   * <p>
+   *
    * <h3>Example 1:</h3>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
-   *      .orderBy().asc("name")
+   *      .order().asc("name")
    *      .findSingleAttributeList();
    *
    * }</pre>
-   * <p>
+   *
    * <h3>Example 2:</h3>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .setDistinct(true)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("status", Customer.Status.NEW)
-   *      .orderBy().asc("name")
+   *      .order().asc("name")
    *      .setMaxRows(100)
    *      .findSingleAttributeList();
    *
@@ -323,11 +368,10 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Execute a query returning a single value of a single property/column.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  String name =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("id", 42)
    *      .findSingleAttribute();
@@ -408,10 +452,9 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * If maxRows is not set on the query prior to calling findPagedList() then a
    * PersistenceException is thrown.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .setFirstRow(50)
    *       .setMaxRows(20)
    *       .findPagedList();
@@ -454,7 +497,26 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * Add some filter predicate expressions to the many property.
    */
   @Nonnull
-  ExpressionList<T> filterMany(String prop);
+  ExpressionList<T> filterMany(String manyProperty);
+
+  /**
+   * Add filter expressions to the many property.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   DB.find(Customer.class)
+   *   .where()
+   *   .eq("name", "Rob")
+   *   .filterMany("orders", "status = ?", Status.NEW)
+   *   .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @param manyProperty The many property
+   * @param expressions  Filter expressions with and, or and ? or ?1 type bind parameters
+   * @param params       Bind parameters used in the expressions
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> filterMany(String manyProperty, String expressions, Object... params);
 
   /**
    * Specify specific properties to fetch on the main/root bean (aka partial
@@ -478,7 +540,7 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   List<Customer> customers =
-   *       Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *       DB.find(Customer.class)
    *          .setDistinct(true)
    *          .select("name")     // only select the customer name
    *          .findList();
@@ -505,14 +567,14 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    *
    * @see Query#setFirstRow(int)
    */
-  Query<T> setFirstRow(int firstRow);
+  ExpressionList<T> setFirstRow(int firstRow);
 
   /**
    * Set the maximum number of rows to fetch.
    *
    * @see Query#setMaxRows(int)
    */
-  Query<T> setMaxRows(int maxRows);
+  ExpressionList<T> setMaxRows(int maxRows);
 
   /**
    * Set the name of the property which values become the key of a map.
@@ -547,12 +609,11 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Extended version for setDistinct in conjunction with "findSingleAttributeList";
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<CountedValue<Order.Status>> orderStatusCount =
    *
-   *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *     DB.find(Order.class)
    *      .select("status")
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("orderDate", LocalDate.now().minusMonths(3))
@@ -629,6 +690,14 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> where();
 
+  /**
+   * Add the expressions to this expression list.
+   *
+   * @param expressions The expressions that are parsed and added to this expression list
+   * @param params      Bind parameters to match ? or ?1 bind positions.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> where(String expressions, Object... params);
+
   /**
    * Path exists - for the given path in a JSON document.
    * <pre>{@code
@@ -657,7 +726,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Equal to expression for the value at the given path in the JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonEqualTo("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -672,7 +740,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Not Equal to - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonNotEqualTo("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -687,7 +754,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Greater than - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonGreaterThan("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -698,7 +764,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Greater than or equal to - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonGreaterOrEqual("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -709,7 +774,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Less than - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonLessThan("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -720,7 +784,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Less than or equal to - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonLessOrEqualTo("content", "path.other", 34)
@@ -731,7 +794,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Between - for the given path in a JSON document.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   where().jsonBetween("content", "orderDate", lowerDateTime, upperDateTime)
@@ -742,21 +804,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Add an Expression to the list.
-   * <p>
-   * This returns the list so that add() can be chained.
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * <pre>{@code
-   *
-   * Query<Customer> query = Ebean.find(Customer.class);
-   * query.where()
-   *     .like("name","Rob%")
-   *     .eq("status", Customer.ACTIVE);
-   *
-   * List<Customer> list = query.findList();
-   * ...
-   *
-   * }</pre>
    */
   ExpressionList<T> add(Expression expr);
 
@@ -770,6 +817,11 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> eq(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Equal To or Null - property is equal to a given value or null.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> eqOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Not Equal To - property not equal to the given value.
    */
@@ -787,6 +839,33 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> ine(String propertyName, String value);
 
+  /**
+   * Value in Range between 2 properties.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *    .startDate.inRangeWith(endDate, now)
+   *
+   *    // which equates to
+   *    startDate <= now and (endDate > now or endDate is null)
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <p>
+   * This is a convenience expression combining a number of simple expressions.
+   * The most common use of this could be called "effective dating" where 2 date or
+   * timestamp columns represent the date range in which
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> inRangeWith(String lowProperty, String highProperty, Object value);
+
+  /**
+   * In Range - {@code property >= value1 and property < value2}.
+   * <p>
+   * Unlike Between inRange is "half open" and usually more useful for use with dates or timestamps.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> inRange(String propertyName, Object value1, Object value2);
+
   /**
    * Between - property between the two given values.
    */
@@ -802,6 +881,11 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> gt(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Greater Than or Null - property greater than the given value or null.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> gtOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Greater Than or Equal to - property greater than or equal to the given
    * value.
@@ -813,6 +897,11 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> lt(String propertyName, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Less Than or Null - property less than the given value or null.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> ltOrNull(String propertyName, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Less Than or Equal to - property less than or equal to the given value.
    */
@@ -842,7 +931,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * To get control over the options you can create an ExampleExpression and set
    * those options such as case insensitive etc.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // create an example bean and set the properties
@@ -851,16 +939,15 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * example.setName("Rob%");
    * example.setNotes("%something%");
    *
-   * List&lt;Customer&gt; list = Ebean.find(Customer.class).where()
-   *     // pass the bean into the where() clause
-   *     .exampleLike(example)
-   *     // you can add other expressions to the same query
-   *     .gt("id", 2).findList();
+   * List<Customer> list =
+   *   DB.find(Customer.class)
+   *     .where().exampleLike(example)
+   *     .findList();
    *
    * }</pre>
    * <p>
    * Similarly you can create an ExampleExpression
-   * <p>
+   * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * Customer example = new Customer();
@@ -870,7 +957,7 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * // create a ExampleExpression with more control
    * ExampleExpression qbe = new ExampleExpression(example, true, LikeType.EQUAL_TO).includeZeros();
    *
-   * List<Customer> list = Ebean.find(Customer.class).where().add(qbe).findList();
+   * List<Customer> list = DB.find(Customer.class).where().add(qbe).findList();
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
@@ -947,6 +1034,41 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    */
   ExpressionList<T> in(String propertyName, Collection<?> values);
 
+  /**
+   * In where null or empty values means that no predicate is added to the query.
+   * <p>
+   * That is, only add the IN predicate if the values are not null or empty.
+   * <p>
+   * Without this we typically need to code an <code>if</code> block to only add
+   * the IN predicate if the collection is not empty like:
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h3>Without inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where() // add some predicates
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW);
+   *
+   *   if (ids != null && !ids.isEmpty()) {
+   *     query.where().in("customer.id", ids);
+   *   }
+   *
+   *   query.findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Using inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     .inOrEmpty("customer.id", ids)
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> inOrEmpty(String propertyName, Collection<?> values);
+
   /**
    * In - using a subQuery.
    * <p>
@@ -1082,7 +1204,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Add expression for ALL of the given bit flags to be set.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * where().bitwiseAll("flags", BwFlags.HAS_BULK + BwFlags.HAS_COLOUR)
@@ -1096,7 +1217,6 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
 
   /**
    * Add expression for the given bit flags to be NOT set.
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * where().bitwiseNot("flags", BwFlags.HAS_COLOUR)
@@ -1131,21 +1251,37 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
   /**
    * Add raw expression with a single parameter.
    * <p>
-   * The raw expression should contain a single ? at the location of the
-   * parameter.
-   * </p>
+   * The raw expression should contain a single ? or ?1
+   * at the location of the parameter.  We use ?1 when binding a
+   * collection for an IN expression.
    * <p>
    * When properties in the clause are fully qualified as table-column names
    * then they are not translated. logical property name names (not fully
    * qualified) will still be translated to their physical name.
-   * </p>
    * <p>
-   * <h4>Example:</h4>
+   * <h4>Examples:</h4>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   // use a database function
    *   raw("add_days(orderDate, 10) < ?", someDate)
    *
+   *   raw("name like ?", "Rob%")
+   *
+   *   raw("name in (?1)", asList("Rob", "Fiona", "Jack"))
+   *
+   *   raw("name = any(?)", asList("Rob", "Fiona", "Jack"))
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h4>Subquery examples:</h4>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   // Bind collection using ?1
+   *   .raw("id in (select c.id from o_customer c where c.name in (?1))", asList("Rob", "Fiona", "Jack"))
+   *
+   *   // Using Postgres ANY expression
+   *   .raw("t0.customer_id in (select customer_id from customer_group where group_id = any(?::uuid[]))", groupIds)
+   *
    * }</pre>
    */
   ExpressionList<T> raw(String raw, Object value);
@@ -1153,14 +1289,25 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
   /**
    * Add raw expression with an array of parameters.
    * <p>
-   * The raw expression should contain the same number of ? as there are
-   * parameters.
-   * </p>
+   * The raw expression should contain the same number of ? or ?1, ?2 ... bind parameters
+   * as there are values. We use ?1, ?2 etc when binding a collection for an IN expression.
    * <p>
    * When properties in the clause are fully qualified as table-column names
    * then they are not translated. logical property name names (not fully
    * qualified) will still be translated to their physical name.
    * </p>
+   *
+   * <h4>Examples:</h4>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   raw("unitPrice > ? and product.id > ?", 2, 3)
+   *
+   *   raw("(status = ? or (orderDate < ? and shipDate is null) or customer.name like ?)",
+   *         Order.Status.APPROVED,
+   *         new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()),
+   *         "Rob")
+   *
+   * }</pre></pre>
    */
   ExpressionList<T> raw(String raw, Object... values);
 
@@ -1171,15 +1318,83 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * then they are not translated. logical property name names (not fully
    * qualified) will still be translated to their physical name.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   raw("orderQty < shipQty")
    *
    * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h4>Subquery example:</h4>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   .raw("t0.customer_id in (select customer_id from customer_group where group_id = any(?::uuid[]))", groupIds)
+   *
+   * }</pre>
    */
   ExpressionList<T> raw(String raw);
 
+  /**
+   * Only add the raw expression if the values is not null or empty.
+   * <p>
+   * This is a pure convenience expression to make it nicer to deal with the pattern where we use
+   * raw() expression with a subquery and only want to add the subquery predicate when the collection
+   * of values is not empty.
+   * </p>
+   * <h3>Without inOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where() // add some predicates
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW);
+   *
+   *   // common pattern - we can use rawOrEmpty() instead
+   *   if (orderIds != null && !orderIds.isEmpty()) {
+   *     query.where().raw("t0.customer_id in (select o.customer_id from orders o where o.id in (?1))", orderIds);
+   *   }
+   *
+   *   query.findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Using rawOrEmpty()</h3>
+   * Note that in the example below we use the <code>?1</code> bind parameter to get  "parameter expansion"
+   * for each element in the collection.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     // only add the expression if orderIds is not empty
+   *     .rawOrEmpty("t0.customer_id in (select o.customer_id from orders o where o.id in (?1))", orderIds);
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Postgres ANY</h3>
+   * With Postgres we would often use the SQL <code>ANY</code> expression and array parameter binding
+   * rather than <code>IN</code>.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   query.where()
+   *     .eq("status", Status.NEW)
+   *     .rawOrEmpty("t0.customer_id in (select o.customer_id from orders o where o.id = any(?))", orderIds);
+   *     .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   * <p>
+   * Note that we need to cast the Postgres array for UUID types like:
+   * </p>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   " ... = any(?::uuid[])"
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @param raw    The raw expression that is typically a subquery
+   * @param values The values which is typically a list or set of id values.
+   */
+  ExpressionList<T> rawOrEmpty(String raw, Collection<?> values);
+
   /**
    * Add a match expression.
    *
@@ -1250,12 +1465,10 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * typically you only explicitly need to use the and() junction
    * when it is nested inside an or() or not() junction.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  // Example: Nested and()
    *
-   *  Ebean.find(Customer.class)
    *    .where()
    *    .or()
    *      .and() // nested and
@@ -1266,7 +1479,7 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    *        .eq("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
    *        .gt("id", 0)
    *        .endAnd()
-   *      .orderBy().asc("name")
+   *      .order().asc("name")
    *      .findList();
    * }</pre>
    */
@@ -1276,16 +1489,27 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * Return a list of expressions that will be joined by OR's.
    * This is exactly the same as disjunction();
    * <p>
-   * <p>
    * Use endOr() or endJunction() to end the OR junction.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *  // Example: (status active OR anniversary is null)
+   *
+   *    .where()
+   *    .or()
+   *      .eq("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
+   *      .isNull("anniversary")
+   *    .order().asc("name")
+   *    .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  // Example: Use or() to join
    *  // two nested and() expressions
    *
-   *  Ebean.find(Customer.class)
    *    .where()
    *    .or()
    *      .and()
@@ -1296,7 +1520,7 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    *        .eq("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
    *        .gt("id", 0)
    *        .endAnd()
-   *      .orderBy().asc("name")
+   *      .order().asc("name")
    *      .findList();
    *
    * }</pre>
@@ -1309,8 +1533,8 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * Use endNot() or endJunction() to end expressions being added to the
    * NOT expression list.
    * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * <pre>@{code
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
    *
    *    .where()
    *      .not()
@@ -1319,19 +1543,18 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    *        .endNot()
    *
    * }</pre>
-   * <p>
-   * <pre>@{code
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // Example: nested not()
    *
-   * Ebean.find(Customer.class)
    *   .where()
    *     .eq("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
    *     .not()
    *       .gt("id", 1)
    *       .eq("anniversary", onAfter)
    *       .endNot()
-   *     .orderBy()
+   *     .order()
    *       .asc("name")
    *     .findList();
    *

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExtendedServer.java

@@ -10,9 +10,10 @@ import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 /**
- * The extended API for EbeanServer.
+ * The extended API for Database.
  * <p>
  * This provides the finder methods that take an explicit transaction rather than obtaining
  * the transaction from the usual mechanism (which is ThreadLocal based).
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ import java.util.function.Predicate;
  * the transaction to use.
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * Note that in all cases the transaction supplied can be null and in this case the EbeanServer
+ * Note that in all cases the transaction supplied can be null and in this case the Database
  * will use the normal mechanism to obtain the transaction to use.
  * </p>
  */
@@ -42,6 +43,32 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    */
   void setClock(Clock clock);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning true if a row is found.
+   * <p>
+   * The query is executed using max rows of 1 and will only select the id property.
+   * This method is really just a convenient way to optimise a query to perform a
+   * 'does a row exist in the db' check.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = query().where().eq("email", "rob@foo.com").exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example using a query bean:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = new QContact().email.equalTo("rob@foo.com").exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @return True if the query finds a matching row in the database
+   */
+  <T> boolean exists(Query<?> ormQuery, Transaction transaction);
+
   /**
    * Return the number of 'top level' or 'root' entities this query should return.
    *
@@ -65,11 +92,9 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * {@link #findEachWhile(Query, Predicate, Transaction)} is preferred
    * to findIterate(). The reason is that those methods automatically take care of
    * closing the queryIterator (and the underlying jdbc statement and resultSet).
-   * </p>
    * <p>
    * This is similar to findEach in that not all the result beans need to be held
    * in memory at the same time and as such is good for processing large queries.
-   * </p>
    *
    * @see Query#findIterate()
    * @see Query#findEach(Consumer)
@@ -78,6 +103,32 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
   @Nonnull
   <T> QueryIterator<T> findIterate(Query<T> query, Transaction transaction);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning the result as a Stream.
+   * <p>
+   * Note that this can support very large queries iterating any number of results.
+   * To do so internally it can use multiple persistence contexts.
+   * <p>
+   * Note that the stream needs to be closed so use with try with resources.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  @Nonnull
+  <T> Stream<T> findStream(Query<T> query, Transaction transaction);
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated - migrate to findStream().
+   * <p>
+   * Execute the query returning the result as a Stream.
+   * <p>
+   * Note that this can support very large queries iterating any number of results.
+   * To do so internally it can use multiple persistence contexts.
+   * <p>
+   * Note that the stream needs to be closed so use with try with resources.
+   */
+  @Nonnull
+  @Deprecated
+  <T> Stream<T> findLargeStream(Query<T> query, Transaction transaction);
+
   /**
    * Execute the query visiting the each bean one at a time.
    * <p>
@@ -92,7 +143,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   *     DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .where().eq("status", Order.Status.NEW)
    *       .order().asc("id")
    *       .findEach((Order order) -> {
@@ -126,7 +177,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   *     DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .where().eq("status", Order.Status.NEW)
    *       .order().asc("id")
    *       .findEachWhile((Order order) -> {
@@ -165,8 +216,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .findList();
    *
@@ -243,7 +293,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .setFirstRow(50)
    *       .setMaxRows(20)
    *       .findPagedList();
@@ -272,8 +322,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Set<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * Set<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .findSet();
    *
@@ -312,9 +361,9 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
-   *      .orderBy().asc("name")
+   *      .order().asc("name")
    *      .findSingleAttributeList();
    *
    * }</pre>
@@ -322,11 +371,11 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .setDistinct(true)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("status", Customer.Status.NEW)
-   *      .orderBy().asc("name")
+   *      .order().asc("name")
    *      .setMaxRows(100)
    *      .findSingleAttributeList();
    *
@@ -384,7 +433,7 @@ public interface ExtendedServer {
   /**
    * Execute the update query returning the number of rows updated.
    * <p>
-   * The update query must be created using {@link EbeanServer#update(Class)}.
+   * The update query must be created using {@link Database#update(Class)}.
    * </p>
    *
    * @param query       the update query to execute

src/main/java/io/ebean/FetchConfig.java

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  * // Normal fetch join results in a single SQL query
- * List<Order> list = Ebean.find(Order.class).fetch("details").findList();
+ * List<Order> list = DB.find(Order.class).fetch("details").findList();
  *
  * // Find Orders join details using a single SQL query
  * }</pre>
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  *
  * // This will use 2 SQL queries to build this object graph
  * List<Order> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *     DB.find(Order.class)
  *         .fetch("details", new FetchConfig().query())
  *         .findList();
  *
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  *
  * // This will use 3 SQL queries to build this object graph
  * List<Order> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *     DB.find(Order.class)
  *         .fetch("details", new FetchConfig().query())
  *         .fetch("customer", new FetchConfig().queryFirst(5))
  *         .findList();
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  * <pre>{@code
  * // This will use 3 SQL queries to build this object graph
  * List<Order> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *     DB.find(Order.class)
  *         .select("status, shipDate")
  *         .fetch("details", "quantity, price", new FetchConfig().query())
  *         .fetch("details.product", "sku, name")
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  * List<Order> list =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *     DB.find(Order.class)
  *         .fetch("customer", new FetchConfig().query(10).lazy(5))
  *         .findList();
  *
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ import java.io.Serializable;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- * List<Order> list = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ * List<Order> list = DB.find(Order.class)
  *   .fetch("customer","name", new FetchConfig().lazy(5))
  *   .fetch("customer.contacts","contactName, phone, email")
  *   .fetch("customer.shippingAddress")
@@ -148,6 +148,8 @@ public class FetchConfig implements Serializable {
 
   private boolean queryAll;
 
+  private boolean cache;
+
   /**
    * Construct the fetch configuration object.
    */
@@ -188,6 +190,17 @@ public class FetchConfig implements Serializable {
     return this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Eagerly fetch the beans fetching the beans from the L2 bean cache
+   * and using the DB for beans not in the cache.
+   */
+  public FetchConfig cache() {
+    this.cache = true;
+    this.queryBatchSize = 0;
+    this.queryAll = true;
+    return this;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Eagerly fetch the beans in this path as a separate query (rather than as
    * part of the main query).
@@ -247,6 +260,13 @@ public class FetchConfig implements Serializable {
     return queryAll;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return true if this uses L2 bean cache.
+   */
+  public boolean isCache() {
+    return cache;
+  }
+
   @Override
   public boolean equals(Object o) {
     if (this == o) return true;
@@ -255,6 +275,7 @@ public class FetchConfig implements Serializable {
     FetchConfig that = (FetchConfig) o;
     if (lazyBatchSize != that.lazyBatchSize) return false;
     if (queryBatchSize != that.queryBatchSize) return false;
+    if (cache != that.cache) return false;
     return queryAll == that.queryAll;
   }
 
@@ -263,6 +284,7 @@ public class FetchConfig implements Serializable {
     int result = lazyBatchSize;
     result = 92821 * result + queryBatchSize;
     result = 92821 * result + (queryAll ? 1 : 0);
+    result = 92821 * result + (cache ? 1 : 0);
     return result;
   }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/FetchGroup.java

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
+import io.ebean.service.SpiFetchGroupQuery;
+
 import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
 
 /**
@@ -111,4 +113,11 @@ public interface FetchGroup<T> {
     return XServiceProvider.fetchGroupOf(cls);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return a query to be used by query beans for constructing FetchGroup.
+   */
+  static <T> SpiFetchGroupQuery<T> queryFor(Class<T> beanType) {
+    return XServiceProvider.fetchGroupQueryFor(beanType);
+  }
+
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/FetchGroupBuilder.java

@@ -67,12 +67,26 @@ public interface FetchGroupBuilder<T> {
   @Nonnull
   FetchGroupBuilder<T> fetchQuery(String path);
 
+  /**
+   * Fetch the path including all its properties using L2 cache.
+   * Cache misses fallback to fetchQuery().
+   */
+  @Nonnull
+  FetchGroupBuilder<T> fetchCache(String path);
+
   /**
    * Fetch the path including specified properties using a query join.
    */
   @Nonnull
   FetchGroupBuilder<T> fetchQuery(String path, String properties);
 
+  /**
+   * Fetch the path including specified properties using L2 cache.
+   * Cache misses fallback to fetchQuery().
+   */
+  @Nonnull
+  FetchGroupBuilder<T> fetchCache(String path, String properties);
+
   /**
    * Fetch the path including all its properties lazily.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/Filter.java

@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ import java.util.Set;
  * // get a list of entities (query execution statistics in this case)
  *
  * List<MetaQueryStatistic> list =
- *     Ebean.find(MetaQueryStatistic.class).findList();
+ *     DB.find(MetaQueryStatistic.class).findList();
  *
  * long nowMinus24Hrs = System.currentTimeMillis() - 24 * (1000 * 60 * 60);
  *
  * // sort and filter the list returning a filtered list...
  *
  * List<MetaQueryStatistic> filteredList =
- *     Ebean.filter(MetaQueryStatistic.class)
+ *     DB.filter(MetaQueryStatistic.class)
  *         .sort("avgTimeMicros desc")
  *         .gt("executionCount", 0)
  *         .gt("lastQueryTime", nowMinus24Hrs)
@@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ import java.util.Set;
  * // get a list of entities (query execution statistics)
  *
  * List<Order> orders =
- *     Ebean.find(Order.class).findList();
+ *     DB.find(Order.class).findList();
  *
  * // Apply a filter...
  *
  * List<Order> filteredOrders =
- *     Ebean.filter(Order.class)
+ *     DB.filter(Order.class)
  *         .startsWith("customer.name", "Rob")
  *         .eq("customer.shippingAddress.city", "Auckland")
  *         .filter(orders);
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public interface Filter<T> {
    * expressions.
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * Refer to {@link Ebean#sort(List, String)} for more detail.
+   * Refer to {@link DB#sort(List, String)} for more detail.
    * </p>
    */
   Filter<T> sort(String sortByClause);

src/main/java/io/ebean/Finder.java

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package io.ebean;
 
 import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
-
 import java.util.List;
 
 /**
@@ -14,8 +13,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  * </p>
  * <h3>Testing</h3>
  * <p>
- * For testing the mocki-ebean project has the ability to replace the finder implementation
- * <p>
+ * For testing the mocki-ebean project has the ability to replace the finder implementation.
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
@@ -25,7 +23,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  *     super(Customer.class);
  *   }
  *
- *   // Add your customer finder methods ...
+ *   // Add finder methods ...
  *
  *   public Customer byName(String name) {
  *     return query().eq("name", name).findOne();
@@ -34,18 +32,28 @@ import java.util.List;
  *   public List<Customer> findNew() {
  *     return query().where()
  *       .eq("status", Customer.Status.NEW)
- *       .orderBy("name")
+ *       .order("name")
  *       .findList()
  *   }
  * }
  *
- * @Entity
+ * ＠Entity
  * public class Customer extends BaseModel {
  *
  *   public static final CustomerFinder find = new CustomerFinder();
  *   ...
  *
+ * }
  * }</pre>
+ * <p>
+ *  When the Finder is registered as a field on Customer it can then be used like:
+ * </p>
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *
+ *   Customer rob = Customer.find.byName("Rob");
+ *
+ * }</pre>
+ *
  */
 public class Finder<I, T> {
 
@@ -55,9 +63,9 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   private final Class<T> type;
 
   /**
-   * The name of the EbeanServer, null for the default server.
+   * The name of the database this finder will use, null for the default database.
    */
-  private final String serverName;
+  private final String _$dbName;
 
   /**
    * Create with the type of the entity bean.
@@ -72,25 +80,26 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
    *   // ... add extra customer specific finder methods
    * }
    *
-   * @Entity
+   * ＠Entity
    * public class Customer extends BaseModel {
    *
    *   public static final CustomerFinder find = new CustomerFinder();
    *   ...
    *
+   * }
    * }</pre>
    */
   public Finder(Class<T> type) {
     this.type = type;
-    this.serverName = null;
+    this._$dbName = null;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Create with the type of the entity bean and specific server name.
+   * Create with the type of the entity bean and specific database name.
    */
-  public Finder(Class<T> type, String serverName) {
+  public Finder(Class<T> type, String databaseName) {
     this.type = type;
-    this.serverName = serverName;
+    this._$dbName = databaseName;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -108,30 +117,27 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return the underlying 'default' EbeanServer.
-   * <p>
-   * This provides full access to the API such as explicit transaction demarcation etc.
+   * Return the Database this finder will use.
    */
-  public EbeanServer db() {
-    return Ebean.getServer(serverName);
+  public Database db() {
+    return DB.byName(_$dbName);
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return typically a different EbeanServer to the default.
+   * Return typically a different Database to the default.
    * <p>
-   * This is equivalent to {@link Ebean#getServer(String)}
+   * This is equivalent to {@link DB#byName(String)}
    *
-   * @param server The name of the EbeanServer. If this is null then the default EbeanServer is
-   *               returned.
+   * @param databaseName The name of the Database. If this is null then the default database is returned.
    */
-  public EbeanServer db(String server) {
-    return Ebean.getServer(server);
+  public Database db(String databaseName) {
+    return DB.byName(databaseName);
   }
 
   /**
    * Creates an entity reference for this ID.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#getReference(Class, Object)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#getReference(Class, Object)}
    */
   @Nonnull
   public T ref(I id) {
@@ -141,7 +147,7 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Retrieves an entity by ID.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#find(Class, Object)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#find(Class, Object)}
    */
   @Nullable
   public T byId(I id) {
@@ -151,7 +157,7 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Delete a bean by Id.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#delete(Class, Object)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#delete(Class, Object)}
    */
   public void deleteById(I id) {
     db().delete(type, id);
@@ -181,7 +187,7 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
    * }</pre>
    *
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#update(Class)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#update(Class)}
    */
   public UpdateQuery<T> update() {
     return db().update(type);
@@ -190,7 +196,7 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   /**
    * Creates a query.
    * <p>
-   * Equivalent to {@link EbeanServer#find(Class)}
+   * Equivalent to {@link Database#find(Class)}
    */
   public Query<T> query() {
     return db().find(type);

src/main/java/io/ebean/FutureList.java

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  *  // create a query to find all orders
- * Query<Order> query = Ebean.find(Order.class);
+ * Query<Order> query = DB.find(Order.class);
  *
  *  // execute the query in a background thread
  *  // immediately returning the futureList

src/main/java/io/ebean/Junction.java

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  * Query q =
- *     Ebean.find(Person.class)
+ *     DB.find(Person.class)
  *       .where()
  *         .or()
  *           .like("name", "Rob%")
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  * Query q =
- *     Ebean.find(Person.class)
+ *     DB.find(Person.class)
  *       .where()
  *         .or()
  *           .like("name", "Rob%")
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  * Query<Customer> q =
- *  Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+ *  DB.find(Customer.class)
  *      .where()
  *        .or()
  *          .and()

src/main/java/io/ebean/Model.java

@@ -11,15 +11,15 @@ import io.ebean.bean.EntityBean;
  * Ebean users.
  * <p>
  * Note that there is a ebean-mocker project that enables you to use Mockito or similar
- * tools to still mock out the underlying 'default EbeanServer' for testing purposes.
+ * tools to still mock out the underlying 'default Database' for testing purposes.
  * <p>
  * You may choose not use this Model mapped superclass if you don't like the 'Active Record' style
  * or if you believe it 'pollutes' your entity beans.
  * <p>
- * You can use Dependency Injection like Guice or Spring to construct and wire a EbeanServer instance
+ * You can use Dependency Injection like Guice or Spring to construct and wire a Database instance
  * and have that same instance used with this Model and Finder. The way that works is that when the
- * DI container creates the EbeanServer instance it can be registered with the Ebean singleton. In this
- * way the EbeanServer instance can be injected as per normal Guice / Spring dependency injection and
+ * DI container creates the Database instance it can be registered with DB. In this
+ * way the Database instance can be injected as per normal Guice / Spring dependency injection and
  * that same instance also used to support the Model and Finder active record style.
  * <p>
  * If you choose to use the Model mapped superclass you will probably also chose to additionally add
@@ -32,19 +32,19 @@ import io.ebean.bean.EntityBean;
  *     // Typically there is a common base model that has some
  *     // common properties like the ones below
  *
- *     @MappedSuperclass
- *     public class BaseModel extends Model {
+ *   ＠MappedSuperclass
+ *   public class BaseModel extends Model {
  *
- *       @Id Long id;
+ *     ＠Id Long id;
  *
- *       @Version Long version;
+ *     ＠Version Long version;
  *
- *       @WhenCreated Timestamp whenCreated;
+ *     ＠WhenCreated Timestamp whenCreated;
  *
- *       @WhenUpdated Timestamp whenUpdated;
- *
- *       ...
+ *     ＠WhenUpdated Timestamp whenUpdated;
  *
+ *     ...
+ *   }
  * }</pre>
  * <p>
  * <h3>Extend the Model</h3>
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ import io.ebean.bean.EntityBean;
  *
  *     // Extend the mappedSuperclass
  *
- *     @Entity @Table(name="o_account")
+ *     ＠Entity ＠Table(name="o_account")
  *     public class Customer extends BaseModel {
  *
  *       String name;
@@ -76,15 +76,33 @@ import io.ebean.bean.EntityBean;
 public abstract class Model {
 
   /**
-   * Return the underlying 'default' EbeanServer.
+   * The name of the database this entity will use, null for the default database.
+   */
+  private final String _$dbName;
+
+  /**
+   * Create using the default database.
+   */
+  public Model() {
+    this._$dbName = null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create with a named database (typically not the default database).
+   */
+  public Model(String dbName) {
+    this._$dbName = dbName;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the underlying 'default' Database.
    * <p>
    * This provides full access to the API such as explicit transaction demarcation etc.
    * <p>
    * Example:
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Transaction transaction = Customer.db().beginTransaction();
-   * try {
+   * try (Transaction transaction = Customer.db().beginTransaction()) {
    *
    *   // turn off cascade persist for this transaction
    *   transaction.setPersistCascade(false);
@@ -104,26 +122,12 @@ public abstract class Model {
    *
    *   transaction.commit();
    *
-   * } finally {
-   *   transaction.end();
    * }
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  public static EbeanServer db() {
-    return Ebean.getDefaultServer();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return a named EbeanServer that is typically different to the default server.
-   * <p>
-   * If you are using multiple databases then each database has a name and maps to a single
-   * EbeanServer. You can use this method to get an EbeanServer for another database.
-   *
-   * @param server The name of the EbeanServer. If this is null then the default EbeanServer is returned.
-   */
-  public static EbeanServer db(String server) {
-    return Ebean.getServer(server);
+  public Database db() {
+    return DB.byName(_$dbName);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -146,7 +150,7 @@ public abstract class Model {
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#markAsDirty(Object)
+   * @see Database#markAsDirty(Object)
    */
   public void markAsDirty() {
     db().markAsDirty(this);
@@ -182,12 +186,19 @@ public abstract class Model {
    * Ebean will detect if this is a new bean or a previously fetched bean and perform either an
    * insert or an update based on that.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#save(Object)
+   * @see Database#save(Object)
    */
   public void save() {
     db().save(this);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Save this entity with an explicit transaction.
+   */
+  public void save(Transaction transaction) {
+    db().save(this, transaction);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Flush any batched changes to the database.
    * <p>
@@ -202,21 +213,35 @@ public abstract class Model {
   /**
    * Update this entity.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#update(Object)
+   * @see Database#update(Object)
    */
   public void update() {
     db().update(this);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Update this entity with an explicit transaction.
+   */
+  public void update(Transaction transaction) {
+    db().update(this, transaction);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Insert this entity.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#insert(Object)
+   * @see Database#insert(Object)
    */
   public void insert() {
     db().insert(this);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Insert with an explicit transaction.
+   */
+  public void insert(Transaction transaction) {
+    db().insert(this, transaction);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Delete this bean.
    * <p>
@@ -232,12 +257,19 @@ public abstract class Model {
    * deleted. Note that, if JDBC batch mode is used then this always returns true.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#delete(Object)
+   * @see Database#delete(Object)
    */
   public boolean delete() {
     return db().delete(this);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Delete this entity with an explicit transaction.
+   */
+  public boolean delete(Transaction transaction) {
+    return db().delete(this, transaction);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Delete a bean permanently without soft delete.
    * <p>
@@ -245,37 +277,23 @@ public abstract class Model {
    * want to perform a hard/permanent delete.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#deletePermanent(Object)
+   * @see Database#deletePermanent(Object)
    */
   public boolean deletePermanent() {
     return db().deletePermanent(this);
   }
 
   /**
-   * Perform an update using this entity against the specified server.
+   * Delete a bean permanently without soft delete using an explicit transaction.
    */
-  public void update(String server) {
-    db(server).update(this);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Perform an insert using this entity against the specified server.
-   */
-  public void insert(String server) {
-    db(server).insert(this);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Perform a delete using this entity against the specified server.
-   */
-  public boolean delete(String server) {
-    return db(server).delete(this);
+  public boolean deletePermanent(Transaction transaction) {
+    return db().deletePermanent(this, transaction);
   }
 
   /**
    * Refreshes this entity from the database.
    *
-   * @see EbeanServer#refresh(Object)
+   * @see Database#refresh(Object)
    */
   public void refresh() {
     db().refresh(this);

src/main/java/io/ebean/OrderBy.java

@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
-import io.ebean.util.StringHelper;
-
 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
@@ -81,7 +78,6 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
    * Add a property with ascending order to this OrderBy.
    */
   public Query<T> asc(String propertyName, String collation) {
-
     list.add(new Property(propertyName, true, collation));
     return query;
   }
@@ -90,7 +86,6 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
    * Add a property with descending order to this OrderBy.
    */
   public Query<T> desc(String propertyName) {
-
     list.add(new Property(propertyName, false));
     return query;
   }
@@ -99,7 +94,6 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
    * Add a property with descending order to this OrderBy.
    */
   public Query<T> desc(String propertyName, String collation) {
-
     list.add(new Property(propertyName, false, collation));
     return query;
   }
@@ -109,7 +103,6 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
    * Return true if the property is known to be contained in the order by clause.
    */
   public boolean containsProperty(String propertyName) {
-
     for (Property aList : list) {
       if (propertyName.equals(aList.getProperty())) {
         return true;
@@ -162,10 +155,9 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
    * Return a copy of the OrderBy.
    */
   public OrderBy<T> copy() {
-
     OrderBy<T> copy = new OrderBy<>();
-    for (Property aList : list) {
-      copy.add(aList.copy());
+    for (Property property : list) {
+      copy.add(property.copy());
     }
     return copy;
   }
@@ -242,6 +234,18 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
     return this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return true if this order by can be used in select clause.
+   */
+  public boolean supportsSelect() {
+    for (Property property : list) {
+      if (!property.supportsSelect()) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
   /**
    * A property and its ascending descending order.
    */
@@ -335,7 +339,7 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
         if (collation != null)  {
           if (collation.contains("${}")) {
             // this is a complex collation, e.g. DB2 - we must replace the property
-            sb.append(StringHelper.replaceString(collation, "${}", property));
+            sb.append(collation.replace("${}", property));
           } else {
             sb.append(property);
             sb.append(" collate ").append(collation);
@@ -402,6 +406,12 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
       this.ascending = ascending;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Support use in select clause if no collation or nulls ordering.
+     */
+    boolean supportsSelect() {
+      return nulls == null;
+    }
   }
 
   private void parse(String orderByClause) {
@@ -412,15 +422,15 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
 
     String[] chunks = orderByClause.split(",");
     for (String chunk : chunks) {
-      String[] pairs = chunk.split(" ");
-      Property p = parseProperty(pairs);
+      Property p = parseProperty(chunk);
       if (p != null) {
         list.add(p);
       }
     }
   }
 
-  private Property parseProperty(String[] pairs) {
+  private Property parseProperty(String chunk) {
+    String[] pairs = chunk.split(" ");
     if (pairs.length == 0) {
       return null;
     }
@@ -446,8 +456,7 @@ public final class OrderBy<T> implements Serializable {
       boolean asc = isAscending(wordList.get(1));
       return new Property(wordList.get(0), asc, wordList.get(2), wordList.get(3));
     }
-    String m = "Expecting a 1, 2 or 4 words in [" + Arrays.toString(pairs) + "] but got " + wordList;
-    throw new RuntimeException(m);
+    return new Property(chunk.trim(), true);
   }
 
   private boolean isAscending(String s) {

src/main/java/io/ebean/PagedList.java

@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@ import java.util.concurrent.Future;
  *     // We want to find the first 50 new orders
  *     //  ... so we don't really need setFirstRow(0)
  *
- *     PagedList<Order> pagedList
- *       = ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+ *     PagedList<Order> pagedList = DB.find(Order.class)
  *       .where().eq("status", Order.Status.NEW)
  *       .order().asc("id")
  *       .setFirstRow(0)
@@ -61,6 +60,13 @@ import java.util.concurrent.Future;
  */
 public interface PagedList<T> {
 
+  /**
+   * Return an empty PagedList.
+   */
+  static <B> PagedList<B> emptyList() {
+    return new EmptyPagedList<>();
+  }
+
   /**
    * Initiate the loading of the total row count in the background.
    * <pre>{@code
@@ -88,8 +94,8 @@ public interface PagedList<T> {
    * Return the Future row count. You might get this if you wish to cancel the total row count query
    * or specify a timeout for the row count query.
    * <p>
-   * The loadRowCount() & getTotalRowCount() methods internally make use of this getFutureRowCount() method.
-   * Generally I expect people to prefer loadRowCount() & getTotalRowCount() over getFutureRowCount().
+   * The loadRowCount() and getTotalRowCount() methods internally make use of this getFutureRowCount() method.
+   * Generally I expect people to prefer loadRowCount() and getTotalRowCount() over getFutureRowCount().
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *

src/main/java/io/ebean/Pairs.java

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  *
  *   // where a bean is annotated with a complex
  *   // natural key made of several properties
- *   @Cache(naturalKey = {"store","code","sku"})
+ *   ＠Cache(naturalKey = {"store","code","sku"})
  *
  *
  *   Pairs pairs = new Pairs("sku", "code");
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ import java.util.List;
  *   pairs.add("sj2", 1001);
  *   pairs.add("pf3", 1000);
  *
- *   List<OCachedNatKeyBean3> list = Ebean.find(OCachedNatKeyBean3.class)
+ *   List<OCachedNatKeyBean3> list = DB.find(OCachedNatKeyBean3.class)
  *   .where()
  *   .eq("store", "def")
  *   .inPairs(pairs)       // IN clause with 'pairs' of values
- *   .orderBy("sku desc")
+ *   .order("sku desc")
  *
  *   // query expressions cover the natural key properties
  *   // so we can choose to hit the L2 bean cache if we want

src/main/java/io/ebean/ProfileLocation.java

@@ -31,17 +31,37 @@ public interface ProfileLocation {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Obtain the location description.
+   * Obtain the description returning true if this is the initial call.
    */
-  String obtain();
+  boolean obtain();
 
   /**
    * Return a short version of the location description.
    */
-  String shortDescription();
+  String location();
+
+  /**
+   * Return the short label.
+   */
+  String label();
+
+  /**
+   * Return the full location.
+   */
+  String fullLocation();
 
   /**
    * Add execution time.
    */
   void add(long executionTime);
+
+  /**
+   * Return true if this request should be traced.
+   */
+  boolean trace();
+
+  /**
+   * Set the number of times to trace the transactions for this profile location.
+   */
+  void setTraceCount(int traceCount);
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/Query.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package io.ebean;
 import javax.annotation.Nonnull;
 import javax.annotation.Nullable;
 import javax.persistence.NonUniqueResultException;
+import java.sql.Connection;
 import java.sql.Timestamp;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 /**
  * Object relational query for finding a List, Set, Map or single entity bean.
@@ -19,14 +21,11 @@ import java.util.function.Predicate;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- * List<Order> orderList =
- *   ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
- *     .fetch("customer")
- *     .fetch("details")
+ * List<Order> orderList = DB.find(Order.class)
  *     .where()
  *       .like("customer.name","rob%")
  *       .gt("orderDate",lastWeek)
- *     .orderBy("customer.id, id desc")
+ *     .order("customer.id, id desc")
  *     .setMaxRows(50)
  *     .findList();
  *
@@ -38,29 +37,14 @@ import java.util.function.Predicate;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  * String oql =
- *   	+" fetch customer "
- *   	+" fetch details "
  *   	+" where customer.name like :custName and orderDate > :minOrderDate "
  *   	+" order by customer.id, id desc "
  *   	+" limit 50 ";
  *
- * Query<Order> query = ebeanServer.createQuery(Order.class, oql);
- * query.setParameter("custName", "Rob%");
- * query.setParameter("minOrderDate", lastWeek);
- *
- * List<Order> orderList = query.findList();
- * ...
- * }</pre>
- * <p>
- * Example: Using a named query called "with.cust.and.details"
- * </p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- * Query<Order> query = ebeanServer.createNamedQuery(Order.class,"with.cust.and.details");
- * query.setParameter("custName", "Rob%");
- * query.setParameter("minOrderDate", lastWeek);
- *
- * List<Order> orderList = query.findList();
+ * List<Order> orderList = DB.createQuery(Order.class, oql)
+ *   .setParameter("custName", "Rob%")
+ *   .setParameter("minOrderDate", lastWeek)
+ *   .findList();
  * ...
  * }</pre>
  * <h3>AutoTune</h3>
@@ -372,6 +356,27 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   Query<T> setAutoTune(boolean autoTune);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query allowing properties with invalid JSON to be collected and not fail the query.
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   // fetch a bean with JSON content
+   *   EBasicJsonList bean= DB.find(EBasicJsonList.class)
+   *       .setId(42)
+   *       .setAllowLoadErrors()  // collect errors into bean state if we have invalid JSON
+   *       .findOne();
+   *
+   *
+   *   // get the invalid JSON errors from the bean state
+   *   Map<String, Exception> errors = server().getBeanState(bean).getLoadErrors();
+   *
+   *   // If this map is not empty tell we have invalid JSON
+   *   // and should try and fix the JSON content or inform the user
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  Query<T> setAllowLoadErrors();
+
   /**
    * Set the default lazy loading batch size to use.
    * <p>
@@ -415,8 +420,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     // Only fetch the customer id, name and status.
    *     // This is described as a "Partial Object"
    *     .select("name, status")
@@ -444,8 +448,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // query orders...
-   * List<Order> orders =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * List<Order> orders = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       // fetch the customer...
    *       // ... getting the customers name and phone number
    *       .fetch("customer", "name, phoneNumber")
@@ -460,8 +463,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // fetch customers (their id, name and status)
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .select("name, status")
    *     .fetch("contacts", "firstName,lastName,email")
    *     .findList();
@@ -500,6 +502,14 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   Query<T> fetchQuery(String path, String fetchProperties);
 
+  /**
+   * Fetch the path and properties using L2 bean cache.
+   *
+   * @param path            The path of the beans we are fetching from L2 cache.
+   * @param fetchProperties The properties that should be loaded.
+   */
+  Query<T> fetchCache(String path, String fetchProperties);
+
   /**
    * Fetch the path and properties lazily (via batch lazy loading).
    * <p>
@@ -530,8 +540,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // fetch customers (their id, name and status)
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .select("name, status")
    *     .fetch("contacts", "firstName,lastName,email", new FetchConfig().lazy(10))
    *     .findList();
@@ -552,8 +561,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // fetch customers (their id, name and status)
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     // eager fetch the contacts
    *     .fetch("contacts")
    *     .findList();
@@ -588,6 +596,11 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   Query<T> fetchQuery(String path);
 
+  /**
+   * Fetch the path eagerly using L2 cache.
+   */
+  Query<T> fetchCache(String path);
+
   /**
    * Fetch the path lazily (via batch lazy loading).
    * <p>
@@ -616,8 +629,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // fetch customers (their id, name and status)
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     // lazy fetch contacts with a batch size of 100
    *     .fetch("contacts", new FetchConfig().lazy(100))
    *     .findList();
@@ -634,10 +646,25 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   Query<T> apply(FetchPath fetchPath);
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query using the given transaction.
+   */
+  Query<T> usingTransaction(Transaction transaction);
+
+  /**
+   * Execute the query using the given connection.
+   */
+  Query<T> usingConnection(Connection connection);
+
+  /**
+   * Execute the query using the given database.
+   */
+  Query<T> usingDatabase(Database database);
+
   /**
    * Execute the query returning the list of Id's.
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    */
   @Nonnull
@@ -659,12 +686,11 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * the jdbc statement and resultSet are closed at the end of the iteration.
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  Query<Customer> query =
-   *    ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   *  Query<Customer> query = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().eq("status", Status.NEW)
    *     .order().asc("id");
    *
@@ -682,6 +708,52 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   @Nonnull
   QueryIterator<T> findIterate();
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning the result as a Stream.
+   * <p>
+   * Note that this can support very large queries iterating
+   * any number of results. To do so internally it can use
+   * multiple persistence contexts.
+   * </p>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *  // use try with resources to ensure Stream is closed
+   *
+   *  try (Stream<Customer> stream = query.findStream()) {
+   *    stream
+   *    .map(...)
+   *    .collect(...);
+   *  }
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  @Nonnull
+  Stream<T> findStream();
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated - migrate to findStream.
+   * <p>
+   * Execute the query returning the result as a Stream.
+   * <p>
+   * Note that this uses multiple persistence contexts such that we can use
+   * it with a large number of results.
+   * </p>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *  // use try with resources to ensure Stream is closed
+   *
+   *  try (Stream<Customer> stream = query.findLargeStream()) {
+   *    stream
+   *    .map(...)
+   *    .collect(...);
+   *  }
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  @Nonnull
+  @Deprecated
+  Stream<T> findLargeStream();
+
   /**
    * Execute the query processing the beans one at a time.
    * <p>
@@ -711,7 +783,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   *  DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().eq("status", Status.NEW)
    *     .order().asc("id")
    *     .findEach((Customer customer) -> {
@@ -740,7 +812,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   *  DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .fetch("contacts", new FetchConfig().query(2))
    *     .where().eq("status", Status.NEW)
    *     .order().asc("id")
@@ -763,12 +835,11 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   /**
    * Execute the query returning the list of objects.
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * List<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .findList();
    *
@@ -780,12 +851,11 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   /**
    * Execute the query returning the set of objects.
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Set<Customer> customers =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
+   * Set<Customer> customers = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .findSet();
    *
@@ -797,7 +867,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   /**
    * Execute the query returning a map of the objects.
    * <p>
-   * This query will execute against the EbeanServer that was used to create it.
+   * This query will execute against the Database that was used to create it.
    * </p>
    * <p>
    * You can use setMapKey() so specify the property values to be used as keys
@@ -805,8 +875,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Map<String, Product> map =
-   *   ebeanServer.find(Product.class)
+   * Map<String, Product> map = DB.find(Product.class)
    *     .setMapKey("sku")
    *     .findMap();
    *
@@ -822,9 +891,9 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
-   *      .orderBy().asc("name")
+   *      .order().asc("name")
    *      .findSingleAttributeList();
    *
    * }</pre>
@@ -833,11 +902,11 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  List<String> names =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .setDistinct(true)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("status", Customer.Status.NEW)
-   *      .orderBy().asc("name")
+   *      .order().asc("name")
    *      .setMaxRows(100)
    *      .findSingleAttributeList();
    *
@@ -854,7 +923,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *  String name =
-   *    Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *    DB.find(Customer.class)
    *      .select("name")
    *      .where().eq("id", 42)
    *      .findSingleAttribute();
@@ -868,6 +937,37 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   boolean isCountDistinct();
 
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning true if a row is found.
+   * <p>
+   * The query is executed using max rows of 1 and will only select the id property.
+   * This method is really just a convenient way to optimise a query to perform a
+   * 'does a row exist in the db' check.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example using a query bean:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists =
+   *     new QContact()
+   *       .email.equalTo("rob@foo.com")
+   *       .exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h2>Example:</h2>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   boolean userExists = query()
+   *     .where().eq("email", "rob@foo.com")
+   *     .exists();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @return True if the query finds a matching row in the database
+   */
+  boolean exists();
+
   /**
    * Execute the query returning either a single bean or null (if no matching
    * bean is found).
@@ -882,8 +982,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // assuming the sku of products is unique...
-   * Product product =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Product.class)
+   * Product product = DB.find(Product.class)
    *         .where().eq("sku", "aa113")
    *         .findOne();
    * ...
@@ -895,8 +994,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    * // Fetch order 1 and additionally fetch join its order details...
-   * Order order =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * Order order = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .setId(1)
    *       .fetch("details")
    *       .findOne();
@@ -1037,7 +1135,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *  PagedList<Order> pagedList = DB.find(Order.class)
    *       .setFirstRow(50)
    *       .setMaxRows(20)
    *       .findPagedList();
@@ -1062,11 +1160,9 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * // a query with a named parameter
    * String oql = "find order where status = :orderStatus";
    *
-   * Query<Order> query = ebeanServer.find(Order.class, oql);
-   *
-   * // bind the named parameter
-   * query.bind("orderStatus", OrderStatus.NEW);
-   * List<Order> list = query.findList();
+   * List<Order> list = DB.find(Order.class, oql)
+   *   .setParameter("orderStatus", OrderStatus.NEW)
+   *   .findList();
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
@@ -1084,12 +1180,9 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * // a query with a positioned parameter
    * String oql = "where status = ? order by id desc";
    *
-   * Query<Order> query = ebeanServer.createQuery(Order.class, oql);
-   *
-   * // bind the parameter
-   * query.setParameter(1, OrderStatus.NEW);
-   *
-   * List<Order> list = query.findList();
+   * List<Order> list = DB.createQuery(Order.class, oql)
+   *   .setParameter(1, OrderStatus.NEW)
+   *   .findList();
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
@@ -1098,6 +1191,30 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   Query<T> setParameter(int position, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Bind the next positioned parameter.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   * // a query with a positioned parameters
+   * String oql = "where status = ? and name = ?";
+   *
+   * List<Order> list = DB.createQuery(Order.class, oql)
+   *   .setParameter(OrderStatus.NEW)
+   *   .setParameter("Rob")
+   *   .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  Query<T> setParameter(Object value);
+
+  /**
+   * Bind all the positioned parameters.
+   * <p>
+   * A convenience for multiple calls to {@link #setParameter(Object)}
+   */
+  Query<T> setParameters(Object... values);
+
   /**
    * Set the Id value to query. This is used with findOne().
    * <p>
@@ -1106,8 +1223,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * Order order =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * Order order = DB.find(Order.class)
    *     .setId(1)
    *     .fetch("details")
    *     .findOne();
@@ -1128,8 +1244,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * Add a single Expression to the where clause returning the query.
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Order> newOrders =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * List<Order> newOrders = DB.find(Order.class)
    * 		.where().eq("status", Order.NEW)
    * 		.findList();
    * ...
@@ -1144,8 +1259,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * where clause.
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Order> orders =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
+   * List<Order> orders = DB.find(Order.class)
    *     .where()
    *       .eq("status", Order.NEW)
    *       .ilike("customer.name","rob%")
@@ -1191,10 +1305,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   * List<Customer> list =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Customer.class)
-   *     // .fetch("orders", new FetchConfig().lazy())
-   *     // .fetch("orders", new FetchConfig().query())
+   * List<Customer> list = DB.find(Customer.class)
    *     .fetch("orders")
    *     .where().ilike("name", "rob%")
    *     .filterMany("orders").eq("status", Order.Status.NEW).gt("orderDate", lastWeek)
@@ -1208,8 +1319,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * </p>
    *
    * @param propertyName the name of the many property that you want to have a filter on.
-   * @return the expression list that you add filter expressions for the many
-   * to.
+   * @return the expression list that you add filter expressions for the many to.
    */
   ExpressionList<T> filterMany(String propertyName);
 
@@ -1251,10 +1361,6 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * This follows SQL syntax using commas between each property with the
    * optional asc and desc keywords representing ascending and descending order
    * respectively.
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * This is EXACTLY the same as {@link #order(String)}.
-   * </p>
    */
   Query<T> orderBy(String orderByClause);
 
@@ -1265,10 +1371,6 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * This follows SQL syntax using commas between each property with the
    * optional asc and desc keywords representing ascending and descending order
    * respectively.
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * This is EXACTLY the same as {@link #orderBy(String)}.
-   * </p>
    */
   Query<T> order(String orderByClause);
 
@@ -1278,10 +1380,8 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <p>
    * This will never return a null. If no order by clause exists then an 'empty'
    * OrderBy object is returned.
-   * </p>
    * <p>
-   * This is EXACTLY the same as {@link #orderBy()}.
-   * </p>
+   * This is the same as <code>orderBy()</code>
    */
   OrderBy<T> order();
 
@@ -1291,26 +1391,18 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <p>
    * This will never return a null. If no order by clause exists then an 'empty'
    * OrderBy object is returned.
-   * </p>
    * <p>
-   * This is EXACTLY the same as {@link #order()}.
-   * </p>
+   * This is the same as <code>order()</code>
    */
   OrderBy<T> orderBy();
 
   /**
    * Set an OrderBy object to replace any existing OrderBy clause.
-   * <p>
-   * This is EXACTLY the same as {@link #setOrderBy(OrderBy)}.
-   * </p>
    */
   Query<T> setOrder(OrderBy<T> orderBy);
 
   /**
    * Set an OrderBy object to replace any existing OrderBy clause.
-   * <p>
-   * This is EXACTLY the same as {@link #setOrder(OrderBy)}.
-   * </p>
    */
   Query<T> setOrderBy(OrderBy<T> orderBy);
 
@@ -1323,7 +1415,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * <pre>{@code
    *
    *   List<Customer> customers =
-   *       Ebean.find(Customer.class)
+   *       DB.find(Customer.class)
    *          .setDistinct(true)
    *          .select("name")
    *          .findList();
@@ -1339,7 +1431,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    *
    *  List<CountedValue<Order.Status>> orderStatusCount =
    *
-   *     Ebean.find(Order.class)
+   *     DB.find(Order.class)
    *      .select("status")
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("orderDate", LocalDate.now().minusMonths(3))
@@ -1395,10 +1487,8 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    *
    * // Assuming sku is unique for products...
    *
-   * Map<String,Product> productMap =
-   *     ebeanServer.find(Product.class)
-   *     // use sku for keys...
-   *     .setMapKey("sku")
+   * Map<String,Product> productMap = DB.find(Product.class)
+   *     .setMapKey("sku")  // sku map keys...
    *     .findMap();
    *
    * }</pre>
@@ -1448,17 +1538,6 @@ public interface Query<T> {
     return setUseQueryCache(enabled ? CacheMode.ON : CacheMode.OFF);
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Set an id to identify this query for profiling purposes.
-   * <p>
-   * The profileId is expected to be unique for a given bean type.
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * Note that the profileId is treated as a short internally and has a MAX value of 32,767.
-   * </p>
-   */
-  Query<T> setProfileId(int profileId);
-
   /**
    * Set the profile location of this query. This is used to relate query execution metrics
    * back to a location like a specific line of code.
@@ -1570,11 +1649,50 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    */
   Query<T> alias(String alias);
 
+  /**
+   * Set the base table to use for this query.
+   * <p>
+   * Typically this is used when a table has partitioning and we wish to specify a specific
+   * partition/table to query against.
+   * </p>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   QOrder()
+   *   .setBaseTable("order_2019_05")
+   *   .status.equalTo(Status.NEW)
+   *   .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  Query<T> setBaseTable(String baseTable);
+
   /**
    * Return the type of beans being queried.
    */
   Class<T> getBeanType();
 
+  /**
+   * Restrict the query to only return subtypes of the given inherit type.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   List<Animal> animals =
+   *     new QAnimal()
+   *       .name.startsWith("Fluffy")
+   *       .setInheritType(Cat.class)
+   *       .findList();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @param type An inheritance subtype of the
+   */
+  Query<T> setInheritType(Class<? extends T> type);
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the inherit type. This is normally the same as getBeanType() returns as long as no other type is set.
+   */
+  Class<? extends T> getInheritType();
+
   /**
    * Return the type of query being executed.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/QueryIterator.java

@@ -23,9 +23,9 @@ import java.util.Iterator;
  * <h3>Try finally style</h3>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *  Query<Customer> query = server.find(Customer.class)
+ *  Query<Customer> query = database.find(Customer.class)
  *     .where().gt("id", 0)
- *     .orderBy("id")
+ *     .order("id")
  *     .setMaxRows(2);
  *
  *  QueryIterator<Customer> it = query.findIterate();

src/main/java/io/ebean/RawSql.java

@@ -6,17 +6,13 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <p>
  * If you don't want to build object graphs you can use {@link SqlQuery} instead
  * which returns {@link SqlRow} objects rather than entity beans.
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * <b>Unparsed RawSql:</b>
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * When RawSql is created via {@link RawSqlBuilder#unparsed(String)} then Ebean can not
  * modify the SQL at all. It can't add any extra expressions into the SQL.
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * <b>Parsed RawSql:</b>
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * When RawSql is created via {@link RawSqlBuilder#parse(String)} then Ebean will parse the
  * SQL and find places in the SQL where it can add extra where expressions, add
@@ -24,16 +20,13 @@ package io.ebean;
  * explicitly tell Ebean where these insertion points are you can place special
  * strings into your SQL ({@code ${where}} or {@code ${andWhere}} and {@code ${having}} or
  * {@code ${andHaving})}.
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * If the SQL already includes a WHERE clause put in {@code ${andWhere}} in the location
  * you want Ebean to add any extra where expressions. If the SQL doesn't have a
  * WHERE clause put {@code ${where}} in instead. Similarly you can put in {@code ${having}} or
  * {@code ${andHaving}} where you want Ebean put add extra having expressions.
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * <b>Aggregates:</b>
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * Often RawSql will be used with Aggregate functions (sum, avg, max etc). The
  * follow example shows an example based on Total Order Amount -
@@ -44,38 +37,37 @@ package io.ebean;
  * on RawSql and not based on a real DB Table or DB View. It has some properties
  * to hold the values for the aggregate functions (sum etc) and a &#064;OneToOne
  * to Order.
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * <h3>Example OrderAggregate</h3>
  * <pre>{@code
  *  ...
- *  // @Sql indicates to that this bean
- *  // is based on RawSql rather than a table
+ *   // ＠Sql indicates to that this bean
+ *   // is based on RawSql rather than a table
  *
- * @Entity
- * @Sql
- * public class OrderAggregate {
+ *   ＠Entity
+ *   ＠Sql
+ *   public class OrderAggregate {
  *
- *  @OneToOne
- *  Order order;
+ *    ＠OneToOne
+ *    Order order;
  *
- *  Double totalAmount;
+ *    Double totalAmount;
  *
- *  Double totalItems;
- *
- *  // getters and setters
- *  ...
+ *    Double totalItems;
  *
+ *    // getters and setters
+ *    ...
+ *   }
  * }</pre>
- * <p>
+ *
  * <h3>Example 1:</h3>
- * <p>
+ *
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   String sql = " select order_id, o.status, c.id, c.name, sum(d.order_qty*d.unit_price) as totalAmount"
- *     + " from o_order o"
- *     + " join o_customer c on c.id = o.kcustomer_id "
- *     + " join o_order_detail d on d.order_id = o.id " + " group by order_id, o.status ";
+ *   String sql = " select order_id, o.status, c.id, c.name, sum(l.order_qty*l.unit_price) as totalAmount"
+ *     + " from order o"
+ *     + " join customer c on c.id = o.customer_id "
+ *     + " join order_line l on l.order_id = o.id " + " group by order_id, o.status ";
  *
  *   RawSql rawSql = RawSqlBuilder.parse(sql)
  *     // map the sql result columns to bean properties
@@ -87,7 +79,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  *     // .columnMapping("sum(d.order_qty*d.unit_price)", "totalAmount")
  *     .create();
  *
- *   List<OrderAggregate> list = Ebean.find(OrderAggregate.class)
+ *   List<OrderAggregate> list = DB.find(OrderAggregate.class)
  *       .setRawSql(rawSql)
  *       .where().gt("order.id", 0)
  *       .having().gt("totalAmount", 20)
@@ -95,18 +87,17 @@ package io.ebean;
  *
  *
  * }</pre>
- * <p>
+ *
  * <h3>Example 2:</h3>
  * <p>
  * The following example uses a FetchConfig().query() so that after the initial
  * RawSql query is executed Ebean executes a secondary query to fetch the
  * associated order status, orderDate along with the customer name.
- * </p>
- * <p>
+ *
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *  String sql = " select order_id, 'ignoreMe', sum(d.order_qty*d.unit_price) as totalAmount "
- *     + " from o_order_detail d"
+ *  String sql = " select order_id, 'ignoreMe', sum(l.order_qty*l.unit_price) as totalAmount "
+ *     + " from order_line l"
  *     + " group by order_id ";
  *
  *   RawSql rawSql = RawSqlBuilder.parse(sql)
@@ -114,7 +105,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  *     .columnMappingIgnore("'ignoreMe'")
  *     .create();
  *
- *   List<OrderAggregate> orders = Ebean.find(OrderAggregate.class)
+ *   List<OrderAggregate> orders = DB.find(OrderAggregate.class)
  *     .setRawSql(rawSql)
  *     .fetch("order", "status,orderDate", new FetchConfig().query())
  *     .fetch("order.customer", "name")
@@ -125,28 +116,26 @@ package io.ebean;
  *     .findList();
  *
  * }</pre>
- * <p>
  * <h3>Example 3: tableAliasMapping</h3>
  * <p>
  * Instead of mapping each column you can map each table alias to a path using tableAliasMapping().
- * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  *   String rs = "select o.id, o.status, c.id, c.name, "+
- *               " d.id, d.order_qty, p.id, p.name " +
- *               "from o_order o join o_customer c on c.id = o.kcustomer_id " +
- *               "join o_order_detail d on d.order_id = o.id  " +
- *               "join o_product p on p.id = d.product_id  " +
+ *               " l.id, l.order_qty, p.id, p.name " +
+ *               "from orders o join o_customer c on c.id = o.customer_id " +
+ *               "join order_line l on l.order_id = o.id  " +
+ *               "join product p on p.id = l.product_id  " +
  *               "where o.id <= :maxOrderId  and p.id = :productId "+
- *               "order by o.id, d.id asc";
+ *               "order by o.id, l.id asc";
  *
  *  RawSql rawSql = RawSqlBuilder.parse(rs)
  *       .tableAliasMapping("c", "customer")
- *       .tableAliasMapping("d", "details")
- *       .tableAliasMapping("p", "details.product")
+ *       .tableAliasMapping("l", "lines")
+ *       .tableAliasMapping("p", "lines.product")
  *       .create();
  *
- *  List<Order> ordersFromRaw = Ebean.find(Order.class)
+ *  List<Order> ordersFromRaw = DB.find(Order.class)
  *       .setRawSql(rawSql)
  *       .setParameter("maxOrderId", 2)
  *       .setParameter("productId", 1)
@@ -154,9 +143,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  *
  * }</pre>
  * <p>
- * <p>
  * Note that lazy loading also works with object graphs built with RawSql.
- * </p>
  */
 public interface RawSql {
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/RowConsumer.java

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  *
  *  String sql = "select id, name, status from o_customer order by name desc";
  *
- *  Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
+ *  DB.sqlQuery(sql)
  *    .findEachRow((resultSet, rowNum) -> {
  *
  *      // read directly from ResultSet

src/main/java/io/ebean/RowMapper.java

@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  *    //
- *    // A mapper from ResultSet into our CustomerDto bean
+ *    // Map from ResultSet to CustomerDto bean
  *    //
  *    class CustomerMapper implements RowMapper<CustomerDto> {
  *
- *     @Override
+ *     ＠Override
  *     public CustomerDto map(ResultSet rset, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
  *
  *       long id = rset.getLong(1);
@@ -40,9 +40,10 @@ import java.sql.SQLException;
  *
  *   String sql = "select id, name, status from o_customer where name = ?";
  *
- *  CustomerDto rob = Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
+ *  CustomerDto rob = DB.sqlQuery(sql)
  *    .setParameter(1, "Rob")
- *    .findOne(CUSTOMER_MAPPER);
+ *    .mapTo(CUSTOMER_MAPPER)
+ *    .findOne();
  *
  *
  * }</pre>

src/main/java/io/ebean/ScriptRunner.java

@@ -13,20 +13,8 @@ import java.util.Map;
  * <h3>Example of simple use</h3>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   EbeanServer server = Ebean.getDefaultServer();
- *   server.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql");
- *
- * }</pre>
- *
- *
- * <h3>Example using place holders in the script</h3>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- *   Map<String,String> placeholders = new HashMap<>();
- *   placeholders.put("tableName", "e_basic");
- *
- *   EbeanServer server = Ebean.getDefaultServer();
- *   server.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql");
+ *   Database database = DB.getDefault();
+ *   database.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql");
  *
  * }</pre>
  */
@@ -45,8 +33,8 @@ public interface ScriptRunner {
    *   Map<String,String> placeholders = new HashMap<>();
    *   placeholders.put("tableName", "e_basic");
    *
-   *   EbeanServer server = Ebean.getDefaultServer();
-   *   server.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql");
+   *   Database database = DB.getDefault();
+   *   database.script().run("/scripts/test-script.sql", placeholders);
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
@@ -62,4 +50,13 @@ public interface ScriptRunner {
    */
   void run(URL resource, Map<String, String> placeholderMap);
 
+  /**
+   * Run the raw provided DDL or SQL script.
+   *
+   * @param name          The name of the script for logging purposes
+   * @param content       The SQL content
+   * @param useAutoCommit Set to true to use auto commit true and continue when any errors occur
+   */
+  void runScript(String name, String content, boolean useAutoCommit);
+
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/SerializableConflictException.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package io.ebean;
+
+import javax.persistence.OptimisticLockException;
+
+/**
+ * Thrown at SERIALIZABLE isolation level for non-recoverable concurrent conflict.
+ */
+public class SerializableConflictException extends OptimisticLockException {
+
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+  /**
+   * Create with a message and cause.
+   */
+  public SerializableConflictException(String message, Throwable cause) {
+    super(message, cause);
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/SqlQuery.java

@@ -10,34 +10,30 @@ import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
 /**
- * Query object for performing native SQL queries that return SqlRow's.
- * <p>
- * Firstly note that you can use your own sql queries with <em>entity beans</em>
- * by using the SqlSelect annotation. This should be your first approach when
- * wanting to use your own SQL queries.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * If ORM Mapping is too tight and constraining for your problem then SqlQuery
- * could be a good approach.
- * </p>
+ * Query object for performing native SQL queries that return SqlRow or directly read
+ * ResultSet using a RowMapper.
  * <p>
  * The returned SqlRow objects are similar to a LinkedHashMap with some type
  * conversion support added.
  * </p>
  * <p>
+ * Refer to {@link DtoQuery} for native sql queries returning DTO beans.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * Refer to {@link Database#findNative(Class, String)} for native sql queries returning entity beans.
+ * </p>
+ *
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   // its typically a good idea to use a named query
- *   // and put the sql in the orm.xml instead of in your code
+ *   // example using named parameters
  *
  *   String sql = "select id, name from customer where name like :name and status_code = :status";
  *
- *   SqlQuery sqlQuery = Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql);
- *   sqlQuery.setParameter("name", "Acme%");
- *   sqlQuery.setParameter("status", "ACTIVE");
- *
- *   // execute the query returning a List of MapBean objects
- *   List<SqlRow> list = sqlQuery.findList();
+ *   List<SqlRow> list =
+ *     DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+ *       .setParameter("name", "Acme%")
+ *       .setParameter("status", "ACTIVE")
+ *       .findList();
  *
  * }</pre>
  */
@@ -79,17 +75,15 @@ public interface SqlQuery extends Serializable {
   SqlRow findOne();
 
   /**
-   * Execute the query returning a single result using the mapper.
-   *
-   * @param mapper Used to map each ResultSet row into the result object.
+   * Deprecated migrate to use {@link #mapTo(RowMapper)}
    */
+  @Deprecated
   <T> T findOne(RowMapper<T> mapper);
 
   /**
-   * Execute the query returning a list using the mapper.
-   *
-   * @param mapper Used to map each ResultSet row into the result object.
+   * Deprecated migrate to use {@link #mapTo(RowMapper)}
    */
+  @Deprecated
   <T> List<T> findList(RowMapper<T> mapper);
 
   /**
@@ -104,7 +98,7 @@ public interface SqlQuery extends Serializable {
    *
    *  String sql = "select id, name, status from customer order by name desc";
    *
-   *  Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
+   *  DB.sqlQuery(sql)
    *    .findEachRow((resultSet, rowNum) -> {
    *
    *      // read directly from ResultSet
@@ -129,77 +123,158 @@ public interface SqlQuery extends Serializable {
   Optional<SqlRow> findOneOrEmpty();
 
   /**
-   * Execute the query returning a single scalar attribute.
-   * <pre>@{code
+   * Deprecated - migrate to <code>.mapToScalar(attributeType).findOne()</code>.
+   * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   String sql = "select max(unit_price) from o_order_detail where order_qty > ?";
-   *
-   *   BigDecimal maxPrice = Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
-   *     .setParameter(1, 2)
-   *     .findSingleAttribute(BigDecimal.class);
-   *
-   * }</pre>
-   *
-   * <p>
-   * The attributeType can be any scalar type that Ebean supports (includes javax time types, Joda types etc).
-   * </p>
-   *
-   * @param attributeType The type of the returned value
+   *    .mapToScalar(BigDecimal.class)
+   *    .findOne();
+   * }
    */
+  @Deprecated
   <T> T findSingleAttribute(Class<T> attributeType);
 
   /**
-   * Execute the query returning a single BigDecimal value.
-   * <p>
-   * This is an alias for <code>findSingleAttribute(BigDecimal.class)</code>
-   * </p>
+   * Deprecated - migrate to <code>.mapToScalar(BigDecimal.class).findOne()</code>.
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *    .mapToScalar(BigDecimal.class)
+   *    .findOne();
+   * }
    */
+  @Deprecated
   BigDecimal findSingleDecimal();
 
   /**
-   * Execute the query returning a single Long value.
-   * <p>
-   * This is an alias for <code>findSingleAttribute(Long.class)</code>
-   * </p>
+   * Deprecated - migrate to <code>.mapToScalar(Long.class).findOne()</code>.
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *    .mapToScalar(Long.class)
+   *    .findOne();
+   * }
    */
+  @Deprecated
   Long findSingleLong();
 
   /**
-   * Execute the query returning a list of scalar attribute values.
+   * Deprecated - migrate to <code>.mapToScalar(Long.class).findList()</code>.
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *    .mapToScalar(Long.class)
+   *    .findList();
+   * }
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  <T> List<T> findSingleAttributeList(Class<T> attributeType);
+
+  /**
+   * Set one of more positioned parameters.
+   * <p>
+   * This is a convenient alternative to multiple calls to {@link #setParameter(Object)}.
    *
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   String sql =
-   *   " select (unit_price * order_qty) " +
-   *   " from o_order_detail " +
-   *   " where unit_price > ? " +
-   *   " order by (unit_price * order_qty) desc";
+   *   String sql = "select id, name from customer where name like ? and status = ?";
    *
-   *   //
-   *   List<BigDecimal> lineAmounts = Ebean.createSqlQuery(sql)
-   *     .setParameter(1, 3)
-   *     .findSingleAttributeList(BigDecimal.class);
+   *   List<SqlRow> list =
+   *     DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *       .setParameters("Rob", Status.NEW)
+   *       .findList();
+   *
+   *
+   *   // effectively the same as ...
+   *
+   *       .setParameter("Rob")
+   *       .setParameter("Status.NEW)
+   *
+   *   // and ...
+   *
+   *       .setParameter(1, "Rob")
+   *       .setParameter(2, "Status.NEW)
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  SqlQuery setParameters(Object... values);
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated migrate to setParameters(Object... values)
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  SqlQuery setParams(Object... values);
+
+  /**
+   * Set the next bind parameter by position.
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   String sql = "select id, name from customer where name like ? and status = ?";
+   *
+   *   List<SqlRow> list =
+   *     DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *       .setParameter("Rob")
+   *       .setParameter("Status.NEW)
+   *       .findList();
+   *
+   *   // the same as ...
+   *
+   *       .setParameters("Rob", Status.NEW)
+   *
+   *   // and ...
+   *
+   *       .setParameter(1, "Rob")
+   *       .setParameter(2, "Status.NEW)
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
    * <p>
-   * The attributeType can be any scalar type that Ebean supports (includes javax time types, Joda types etc).
+   * When binding a collection of values into a IN expression we should use
+   * indexed parameters like ?1, ?2, ?3 etc rather than just ?.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @param attributeType The type of the returned value
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   String sql = "select c.id, c.name from customer c where c.name in (?1)";
+   *
+   *   List<SqlRow> rows = DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *       .setParameter(asList("Rob", "Fiona", "Jack"))
+   *       .findList();
+   *
+   *
+   *   List<SqlRow> rows = DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *       .setParameter(1, asList("Rob", "Fiona", "Jack"))
+   *       .findList();
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @param value The value to bind
    */
-  <T> List<T> findSingleAttributeList(Class<T> attributeType);
+  SqlQuery setParameter(Object value);
 
   /**
-   * The same as bind for named parameters.
-   */
-  SqlQuery setParameter(String name, Object value);
-
-  /**
-   * The same as bind for positioned parameters.
+   * Bind the parameter by its index position (1 based like JDBC).
+   * <p>
+   * When binding a collection of values into a IN expression we should use
+   * indexed parameters like ?1, ?2, ?3 etc rather than just ?.
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   String sql = "select c.id, c.name from customer c where c.name in (?1)";
+   *
+   *   List<SqlRow> rows = DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *       .setParameter(asList("Rob", "Fiona", "Jack"))
+   *       .findList();
+   *
+   *
+   *   List<SqlRow> rows = DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *       .setParameter(1, asList("Rob", "Fiona", "Jack"))
+   *       .findList();
+   * }</pre>
    */
   SqlQuery setParameter(int position, Object value);
 
+  /**
+   * Bind the named parameter value.
+   */
+  SqlQuery setParameter(String name, Object value);
+
   /**
    * Set the index of the first row of the results to return.
    */
@@ -236,4 +311,59 @@ public interface SqlQuery extends Serializable {
    */
   SqlQuery setBufferFetchSizeHint(int bufferFetchSizeHint);
 
+  /**
+   * The query result maps to a single scalar value like Long, BigDecimal,
+   * String, UUID, OffsetDateTime etc.
+   * <p>
+   * Any scalar type Ebean is aware of can be used including java time
+   * types like Instant, LocalDate, OffsetDateTime, UUID, Inet, Cdir etc.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   String sql = " select min(updtime) from o_order_detail " +
+   *                " where unit_price > ? and updtime is not null ";
+   *
+   *   OffsetDateTime minCreated = DB.sqlQuery(sql)
+   *     .setParameter(42)
+   *     .mapToScalar(OffsetDateTime.class)
+   *     .findOne();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @param attributeType The type the result is returned as
+   * @return The query to execute via findOne() findList() etc
+   */
+  <T> TypeQuery<T> mapToScalar(Class<T> attributeType);
+
+  /**
+   * Use a RowMapper to map the result to beans.
+   *
+   * @param mapper Maps rows to beans
+   * @param <T>    The type of beans mapped to
+   * @return The query to execute by findOne() findList() etc
+   */
+  <T> TypeQuery<T> mapTo(RowMapper<T> mapper);
+
+  /**
+   * Query mapping to single scalar values.
+   *
+   * @param <T> The type of the scalar values
+   */
+  interface TypeQuery<T> {
+
+    /**
+     * Return the single value.
+     */
+    T findOne();
+
+    /**
+     * Return the single value that is optional.
+     */
+    Optional<T> findOneOrEmpty();
+
+    /**
+     * Return the list of values.
+     */
+    List<T> findList();
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/SqlUpdate.java

@@ -5,56 +5,92 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <p>
  * Provides a simple way to execute raw SQL insert update or delete statements
  * without having to resort to JDBC.
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * Supports the use of positioned or named parameters and can automatically
  * notify Ebean of the table modified so that Ebean can maintain its cache.
- * </p>
  * <p>
  * Note that {@link #setAutoTableMod(boolean)} and
  * Ebean#externalModification(String, boolean, boolean, boolean)} can be to
  * notify Ebean of external changes and enable Ebean to maintain it's "L2"
  * server cache.
- * </p>
- * <p>
+ *
+ * <h2>Positioned parameter example</h2>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   // example that uses 'named' parameters
+ *   // example using 'positioned' parameters
  *
- *   String s = "UPDATE f_topic set post_count = :count where id = :id";
+ *   String sql = "insert into audit_log (group, title, description) values (?, ?, ?);
  *
- *   SqlUpdate update = Ebean.createSqlUpdate(s);
- *   update.setParameter("id", 1);
- *   update.setParameter("count", 50);
- *
- *   int modifiedCount = update.execute();
- *
- *   String msg = "There were " + modifiedCount + " rows updated";
+ *   int rows =
+ *     DB.sqlUpdate(sql)
+ *       .setParams("login", "new user", "user rob was created")
+ *       .executeNow();
  *
  * }</pre>
+ *
+ * <h2>Named parameter example</h2>
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *
+ *   // example using 'named' parameters
+ *
+ *   String sql = "update topic set post_count = :count where id = :id";
+ *
+ *   int rows =
+ *     DB.sqlUpdate(sql)
+ *       .setParameter("id", 1)
+ *       .setParameter("count", 50)
+ *       .execute();
+ *
+ *   String msg = "There were " + rows + " rows updated";
+ *
+ * }</pre>
+ *
+ * <h2>Index parameter examples (e.g. ?1, ?2, ?3 ...)</h2>
  * <p>
- * <h3>Example: Using setNextParameter()</h3>
+ * We can use index parameters like ?1, ?2, ?3 etc when binding arrays/collections
+ * of values into an IN expression.
+ * </p>
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *
+ *   // Binding a list of 3 values (9991, 9992, 9993) into an IN expression
+ *
+ *   DB.sqlUpdate("delete from o_customer where name = ? and id in (?2)")
+ *     .setParameter(1, "Foo")
+ *     .setParameter(2, asList(9991, 9992, 9993))
+ *     .execute();
+ *
+ *   // note this effectively is the same as
+ *
+ *   DB.sqlUpdate("delete from o_customer where name = ? and id in (?2)")
+ *     .setParameter("Foo")
+ *     .setParameter(asList(9991, 9992, 9993))
+ *     .execute();
+ *
+ * }</pre>
+ *
+ * <h3>Example: Using setParameter()</h3>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
  *  String sql = "insert into audit_log (id, description, modified_description) values (?,?,?)";
- *  SqlUpdate insert = Ebean.createSqlUpdate(sql);
  *
- *  try (Transaction txn = Ebean.beginTransaction()) {
+ *  SqlUpdate insert = DB.sqlUpdate(sql);
+ *
+ *  try (Transaction txn = DB.beginTransaction()) {
  *    txn.setBatchMode(true);
  *
- *    insert.setNextParameter(10000);
- *    insert.setNextParameter("hello");
- *    insert.setNextParameter("rob");
+ *    insert.setParameter(10000);
+ *    insert.setParameter("hello");
+ *    insert.setParameter("rob");
  *    insert.execute();
  *
- *    insert.setNextParameter(10001);
- *    insert.setNextParameter("goodbye");
- *    insert.setNextParameter("rob");
+ *    insert.setParameter(10001);
+ *    insert.setParameter("goodbye");
+ *    insert.setParameter("rob");
  *    insert.execute();
  *
- *    insert.setNextParameter(10002);
- *    insert.setNextParameter("chow");
- *    insert.setNextParameter("bob");
+ *    insert.setParameter(10002);
+ *    insert.setParameter("chow");
+ *    insert.setParameter("bob");
  *    insert.execute();
  *
  *    txn.commit();
@@ -65,21 +101,21 @@ package io.ebean;
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   try (Transaction txn = Ebean.beginTransaction()) {
+ *   try (Transaction txn = DB.beginTransaction()) {
  *
- *     insert.setNextParameter(10000);
- *     insert.setNextParameter("hello");
- *     insert.setNextParameter("rob");
+ *     insert.setParameter(10000);
+ *     insert.setParameter("hello");
+ *     insert.setParameter("rob");
  *     insert.addBatch();
  *
- *     insert.setNextParameter(10001);
- *     insert.setNextParameter("goodbye");
- *     insert.setNextParameter("rob");
+ *     insert.setParameter(10001);
+ *     insert.setParameter("goodbye");
+ *     insert.setParameter("rob");
  *     insert.addBatch();
  *
- *     insert.setNextParameter(10002);
- *     insert.setNextParameter("chow");
- *     insert.setNextParameter("bob");
+ *     insert.setParameter(10002);
+ *     insert.setParameter("chow");
+ *     insert.setParameter("bob");
  *     insert.addBatch();
  *
  *     int[] rows = insert.executeBatch();
@@ -112,8 +148,6 @@ public interface SqlUpdate {
    * {@link Transaction#setBatchMode(boolean)} and
    * {@link Transaction#setBatchSize(int)}.
    * </p>
-   *
-   * @see Ebean#execute(SqlUpdate)
    */
   int execute();
 
@@ -218,10 +252,56 @@ public interface SqlUpdate {
   SqlUpdate setTimeout(int secs);
 
   /**
-   * Set the next positioned parameter.
+   * Set one of more positioned parameters.
+   * <p>
+   * This is a convenient alternative to multiple setParameter() calls.
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   *   String sql = "insert into audit_log (id, name, version) values (?,?,?)";
+   *
+   *   DB.sqlUpdate(sql)
+   *       .setParameters(UUID.randomUUID(), "Hello", 1)
+   *       .executeNow();
+   *
+   *
+   *   // is the same as ...
+   *
+   *   DB.sqlUpdate(sql)
+   *       .setParameter(UUID.randomUUID())
+   *       .setParameter("Hello")
+   *       .setParameter(1)
+   *       .executeNow();
+   *
+   *   // which is the same as ...
+   *
+   *   DB.sqlUpdate(sql)
+   *       .setParameter(1, UUID.randomUUID())
+   *       .setParameter(2, "Hello")
+   *       .setParameter(3, 1)
+   *       .executeNow();
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   */
+  SqlUpdate setParameters(Object... values);
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated migrate to setParameters(Object... values).
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  SqlUpdate setParams(Object... values);
+
+  /**
+   * Set the next bind parameter by position.
    *
    * @param value The value to bind
    */
+  SqlUpdate setParameter(Object value);
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated migrate to setParameter(value).
+   */
+  @Deprecated
   SqlUpdate setNextParameter(Object value);
 
   /**

src/main/java/io/ebean/Transaction.java

@@ -14,21 +14,20 @@ import java.sql.Connection;
 public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
 
   /**
-   * Return the current transaction (of the default server) or null if there is
+   * Return the current transaction (of the default database) or null if there is
    * no current transaction in scope.
    * <p>
-   * This is the same as <code>Ebean.currentTransaction()</code>
+   * This is the same as <code>DB.currentTransaction()</code>
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * This returns the current transaction for the 'default server'.  If you are using
-   * multiple EbeanServer's then use {@link EbeanServer#currentTransaction()}.
+   * This returns the current transaction for the default database.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @see Ebean#currentTransaction()
-   * @see EbeanServer#currentTransaction()
+   * @see DB#currentTransaction()
+   * @see Database#currentTransaction()
    */
   static Transaction current() {
-    return Ebean.currentTransaction();
+    return DB.currentTransaction();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -244,8 +243,7 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    *
    *   // assume Customer has L2 bean caching enabled ...
    *
-   *   Transaction transaction = Ebean.beginTransaction();
-   *   try {
+   *   try (Transaction transaction = DB.beginTransaction()) {
    *
    *     // this uses L2 bean cache as the transaction
    *     // ... is considered "query only" at this point
@@ -253,7 +251,7 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    *
    *     // transaction no longer "query only" once
    *     // ... a bean has been saved etc
-   *     Ebean.save(someBean);
+   *     someBean.save();
    *
    *     // will NOT use L2 bean cache as the transaction
    *     // ... is no longer considered "query only"
@@ -273,8 +271,7 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    *     Customer.find.byId(99); // skips l2 bean cache
    *
    *
-   *   } finally {
-   *     transaction.end();
+   *     transaction.commit();
    *   }
    *
    * }</pre>
@@ -290,36 +287,66 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
   boolean isSkipCache();
 
   /**
-   * Turn on or off statement batching. Statement batching can be transparent
-   * for drivers and databases that support getGeneratedKeys. Otherwise you may
-   * wish to specifically control when batching is used via this method.
-   * <p>
-   * Refer to <code>java.sql.PreparedStatement.addBatch();</code>
-   * <p>
-   * Note that you may also wish to use the setPersistCascade method to stop
-   * save and delete cascade behaviour. You may do this to have full control
-   * over the order of execution rather than the normal cascading fashion.
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
-   * Note that the <em>execution order</em> in batch mode may be different from
-   * non batch mode execution order. Also note that <em>insert behaviour</em>
-   * may be different depending on the JDBC driver and its support for
-   * getGeneratedKeys. That is, for JDBC drivers that do not support
-   * getGeneratedKeys you may not get back the generated IDs (used for inserting
-   * associated detail beans etc).
-   * </p>
+   * Turn on or off use of JDBC statement batching.
    * <p>
    * Calls to save(), delete(), insert() and execute() all support batch
-   * processing. This includes normal beans, MapBean, CallableSql and UpdateSql.
+   * processing. This includes normal beans, CallableSql and UpdateSql.
    * </p>
+   *
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   * try (Transaction transaction = database.beginTransaction()) {
+   *
+   *   // turn on JDBC batch
+   *   transaction.setBatchMode(true);
+   *
+   *   // tune the batch size
+   *   transaction.setBatchSize(50);
+   *
+   *   ...
+   *
+   *   transaction.commit();
+   * }
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>getGeneratedKeys</h3>
    * <p>
-   * The flushing of the batched statements is automatic but you can call
-   * batchFlush when you like. Note that flushing occurs when a query is
-   * executed or when you mix UpdateSql and CallableSql with save and delete of
+   * Often with large batch inserts we want to turn off getGeneratedKeys. We do
+   * this via {@link #setGetGeneratedKeys(boolean)}.
+   * Also note that some JDBC drivers do not support getGeneratedKeys in JDBC batch mode.
+   * </p>
+   * <pre>{@code
+   *
+   * try (Transaction transaction = database.beginTransaction()) {
+   *
+   *   transaction.setBatchMode(true);
+   *   transaction.setBatchSize(100);
+   *   // insert but don't bother getting back the generated keys
+   *   transaction.setBatchGetGeneratedKeys(false);
+   *
+   *
+   *   // perform lots of inserts ...
+   *   ...
+   *
+   *   transaction.commit();
+   * }
+   *
+   * }</pre>
+   *
+   * <h3>Flush</h3>
+   * <p>
+   * The batch is automatically flushed when it hits the batch size and also when we
+   * execute queries or when we mix UpdateSql and CallableSql with save and delete of
    * beans.
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * Example: batch processing executing every 3 rows
+   * We use {@link #flush()} to explicitly flush the batch and we can use
+   * {@link #setFlushOnQuery(boolean)} and {@link #setFlushOnMixed(boolean)}
+   * to control the automatic flushing behaviour.
+   * </p>
+   * <p>
+   * Example: batch processing of CallableSql executing every 10 rows
    * </p>
    *
    * <pre>{@code
@@ -334,24 +361,21 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    * CallableSql cs = new CallableSql(sql);
    * cs.registerOut(2, Types.INTEGER);
    *
-   * // (optional) inform eBean this stored procedure
+   * // (optional) inform Ebean this stored procedure
    * // inserts into a table called sp_test
    * cs.addModification("sp_test", true, false, false);
    *
-   * Transaction txn = ebeanServer.beginTransaction();
-   * txn.setBatchMode(true);
-   * txn.setBatchSize(3);
-   * try {
+   * try (Transaction txn = DB.beginTransaction()) {
+   *   txn.setBatchMode(true);
+   *   txn.setBatchSize(10);
+   *
    *   for (int i = 0; i < da.length;) {
    *     cs.setParameter(1, da[i]);
-   *     ebeanServer.execute(cs);
+   *     DB.execute(cs);
    *   }
    *
-   *   // NB: commit implicitly flushes
+   *   // Note: commit implicitly flushes
    *   txn.commit();
-   *
-   * } finally {
-   *   txn.end();
    * }
    *
    * }</pre>
@@ -408,7 +432,15 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    * number of objects and you don't care about getting back the ids.
    * </p>
    */
-  void setBatchGetGeneratedKeys(boolean getGeneratedKeys);
+  void setGetGeneratedKeys(boolean getGeneratedKeys);
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated renamed to setGetGeneratedKeys().
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  default void setBatchGetGeneratedKeys(boolean getGeneratedKeys) {
+    setGetGeneratedKeys(getGeneratedKeys);
+  }
 
   /**
    * By default when mixing UpdateSql (or CallableSql) with Beans the batch is
@@ -425,7 +457,15 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    * have a 2 step process (delayed binding).
    * </p>
    */
-  void setBatchFlushOnMixed(boolean batchFlushOnMixed);
+  void setFlushOnMixed(boolean batchFlushOnMixed);
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated renamed to setFlushOnMixed().
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  default void setBatchFlushOnMixed(boolean batchFlushOnMixed) {
+    setFlushOnMixed(batchFlushOnMixed);
+  }
 
   /**
    * By default executing a query will automatically flush any batched
@@ -435,7 +475,15 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    * execute a query and the batch will not be automatically flushed.
    * </p>
    */
-  void setBatchFlushOnQuery(boolean batchFlushOnQuery);
+  void setFlushOnQuery(boolean batchFlushOnQuery);
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated renamed to setFlushOnQuery().
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  default void setBatchFlushOnQuery(boolean batchFlushOnQuery) {
+    setFlushOnQuery(batchFlushOnQuery);
+  }
 
   /**
    * Return true if the batch (of persisted beans or executed UpdateSql etc)
@@ -444,7 +492,15 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
    * The default is for this to be true.
    * </p>
    */
-  boolean isBatchFlushOnQuery();
+  boolean isFlushOnQuery();
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated renamed to isFlushOnQuery().
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  default boolean isBatchFlushOnQuery() {
+    return isFlushOnQuery();
+  }
 
   /**
    * The batch will be flushing automatically but you can use this to explicitly

src/main/java/io/ebean/TxScope.java

@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
  * <p>
  * This information matches the features of the Transactional annotation. You
  * can use it directly with Runnable or Callable via
- * {@link Ebean#execute(TxScope, Runnable)} or
- * {@link Ebean#executeCall(TxScope, Callable)}.
+ * {@link DB#execute(TxScope, Runnable)} or
+ * {@link DB#executeCall(TxScope, Callable)}.
  * </p>
  * <p>
  * This object is used internally with the enhancement of a method with
  * Transactional annotation.
  * </p>
  *
- * @see Ebean#execute(TxScope, Runnable)
- * @see Ebean#executeCall(TxScope, Callable)
+ * @see DB#execute(TxScope, Runnable)
+ * @see DB#executeCall(TxScope, Callable)
  */
 public final class TxScope {
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/Update.java

@@ -12,26 +12,27 @@ package io.ebean;
  * The following is an example of named updates on an entity bean.
  * </p>
  * <pre>{@code
- *  ...
- * @NamedUpdates(value = {
- *   @NamedUpdate(
- *      name = "setTitle",
- *      notifyCache = false,
- *      update = "update topic set title = :title, postCount = :count where id = :id"),
- *  @NamedUpdate(
- *      name = "setPostCount",
- *      notifyCache = false,
- *      update = "update f_topic set post_count = :postCount where id = :id"),
- *  @NamedUpdate(
- *      name = "incrementPostCount",
- *      notifyCache = false,
- *      update = "update Topic set postCount = postCount + 1 where id = :id")
- *      //update = "update f_topic set post_count = post_count + 1 where id = :id")
- *  })
- * @Entity
- * @Table(name = "f_topic")
- * public class Topic {
- *  ...
+ *    ...
+ *   ＠NamedUpdates(value = {
+ *     ＠NamedUpdate(
+ *       name = "setTitle",
+ *       notifyCache = false,
+ *       update = "update topic set title = :title, postCount = :count where id = :id"),
+ *    ＠NamedUpdate(
+ *       name = "setPostCount",
+ *       notifyCache = false,
+ *       update = "update f_topic set post_count = :postCount where id = :id"),
+ *    ＠NamedUpdate(
+ *       name = "incrementPostCount",
+ *       notifyCache = false,
+ *       update = "update Topic set postCount = postCount + 1 where id = :id")
+ *       //update = "update f_topic set post_count = post_count + 1 where id = :id")
+ *   })
+ *   ＠Entity
+ *   ＠Table(name = "f_topic")
+ *   public class Topic {
+ *     ...
+ *   }
  * }</pre>
  *
  * <p>
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- * Update<Topic> update = Ebean.createUpdate(Topic.class, "incrementPostCount");
+ * Update<Topic> update = DB.createUpdate(Topic.class, "incrementPostCount");
  * update.setParameter("id", 1);
  * int rows = update.execute();
  *

src/main/java/io/ebean/UpdateQuery.java

@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *  int rows = ebeanServer
- *      .update(Customer.class)
+ *  int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
  *      .set("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
  *      .set("updtime", new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()))
  *      .where()
@@ -39,8 +38,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * <p>
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *   int rows = ebeanServer
- *       .update(Customer.class)
+ *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
  *       .set("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
  *       .set("updtime", new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()))
  *       .where()
@@ -73,8 +71,7 @@ public interface UpdateQuery<T> {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   int rows = ebeanServer
-   *      .update(Customer.class)
+   *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
    *      .set("status", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
    *      .set("updtime", new Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()))
    *      .where()
@@ -93,8 +90,7 @@ public interface UpdateQuery<T> {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   int rows = ebeanServer
-   *      .update(Customer.class)
+   *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
    *      .setNull("notes")
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("id", 1000)
@@ -114,8 +110,7 @@ public interface UpdateQuery<T> {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   int rows = ebeanServer
-   *      .update(Customer.class)
+   *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
    *      .setRaw("status = coalesce(status, 'A')")
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("id", 1000)
@@ -134,8 +129,7 @@ public interface UpdateQuery<T> {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   int rows = ebeanServer
-   *      .update(Customer.class)
+   *   int rows = DB.update(Customer.class)
    *      .setRaw("status = coalesce(status, ?)", Customer.Status.ACTIVE)
    *      .where()
    *      .gt("id", 1000)

src/main/java/io/ebean/XServiceProvider.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
+import io.ebean.service.SpiFetchGroupQuery;
 import io.ebean.service.SpiFetchGroupService;
 import io.ebean.service.SpiProfileLocationFactory;
 import io.ebean.service.SpiRawSqlService;
@@ -19,29 +20,23 @@ class XServiceProvider {
   private static SpiFetchGroupService fetchGroupService = initSpiFetchGroupService();
 
   private static SpiFetchGroupService initSpiFetchGroupService() {
-    Iterator<SpiFetchGroupService> loader = ServiceLoader.load(SpiFetchGroupService.class).iterator();
-    if (loader.hasNext()) {
-      return loader.next();
-    }
-    throw new IllegalStateException("No service implementation found for SpiFetchGroupService?");
+    return loadFirstService(SpiFetchGroupService.class);
   }
 
   private static SpiRawSqlService initRawSql() {
-
-    Iterator<SpiRawSqlService> loader = ServiceLoader.load(SpiRawSqlService.class).iterator();
-    if (loader.hasNext()) {
-      return loader.next();
-    }
-    throw new IllegalStateException("No service implementation found for SpiRawSqlService?");
+    return loadFirstService(SpiRawSqlService.class);
   }
 
   private static SpiProfileLocationFactory initProfileLocation() {
+    return loadFirstService(SpiProfileLocationFactory.class);
+  }
 
-    Iterator<SpiProfileLocationFactory> loader = ServiceLoader.load(SpiProfileLocationFactory.class).iterator();
+  private static <T> T loadFirstService(Class<T> cls) {
+    Iterator<T> loader = ServiceLoader.load(cls).iterator();
     if (loader.hasNext()) {
       return loader.next();
     }
-    throw new IllegalStateException("No service implementation found for SpiProfileLocationFactory?");
+    throw new IllegalStateException("No service implementation found for " + cls);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -71,4 +66,11 @@ class XServiceProvider {
   static <T> FetchGroupBuilder<T> fetchGroupOf(Class<T> cls) {
     return fetchGroupService.of(cls);
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the FetchGroup Query for building fetch groups via query beans.
+   */
+  static <T> SpiFetchGroupQuery<T> fetchGroupQueryFor(Class<T> cls) {
+    return fetchGroupService.queryFor(cls);
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/BeanCollectionLoader.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ package io.ebean.bean;
 public interface BeanCollectionLoader {
 
   /**
-   * Return the name of the associated EbeanServer.
+   * Return the name of the associated Database.
    */
   String getName();
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/BeanLoader.java

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ package io.ebean.bean;
 public interface BeanLoader {
 
   /**
-   * Return the name of the associated EbeanServer.
+   * Return the name of the associated Database.
    */
   String getName();
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/CallOrigin.java

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package io.ebean.bean;
+
+/**
+ * A call origin for query execution profiling to collect graph use (for query tuning).
+ */
+public interface CallOrigin {
+
+  /**
+   * Return the top element. Typically the top stack element with class and line.
+   */
+  String getTopElement();
+
+  /**
+   * Return the full description of the call origin.
+   */
+  String getFullDescription();
+
+  /**
+   * Compute and return an origin key based on the query hash.
+   */
+  String getOriginKey(int queryHash);
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/CallStack.java

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ package io.ebean.bean;
 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
+import static io.ebean.util.EncodeB64.enc;
+
 /**
  * Represent the call stack (stack trace elements).
  * <p>
@@ -17,15 +19,15 @@ import java.util.Arrays;
  * Note the call stack is trimmed to remove the common ebean internal elements.
  * </p>
  */
-public final class CallStack implements Serializable {
+public final class CallStack implements Serializable, CallOrigin {
 
   private static final long serialVersionUID = -8590644046907438579L;
 
+  private static final String NEWLINE = "\n";
+
   private final String zeroHash;
   private final String pathHash;
-
   private final StackTraceElement[] callStack;
-
   private final int hc;
 
   public CallStack(StackTraceElement[] callStack, int zeroHash, int pathHash) {
@@ -37,12 +39,17 @@ public final class CallStack implements Serializable {
 
   private int computeHashCode() {
     int hc = 0;
-    for (StackTraceElement aCallStack : callStack) {
-      hc = 92821 * hc + aCallStack.hashCode();
+    for (StackTraceElement element : callStack) {
+      hc = 92821 * hc + element.hashCode();
     }
     return hc;
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public String toString() {
+    return zeroHash + ":" + pathHash + ":" + callStack[0];
+  }
+
   @Override
   public int hashCode() {
     return hc;
@@ -63,73 +70,29 @@ public final class CallStack implements Serializable {
   /**
    * Return the first element of the call stack.
    */
-  public StackTraceElement getFirstStackTraceElement() {
-    return callStack[0];
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the call stack.
-   */
-  public StackTraceElement[] getCallStack() {
-    return callStack;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the hash for the first stack element.
-   */
-  public String getZeroHash() {
-    return zeroHash;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the hash for the stack elements (excluding first stack element).
-   */
-  public String getPathHash() {
-    return pathHash;
-  }
-
   @Override
-  public String toString() {
-    return zeroHash + ":" + pathHash + ":" + callStack[0];
+  public String getTopElement() {
+    return callStack[0].toString();
   }
 
   /**
    * Return the call stack lines appended with the given newLine string.
    */
-  public String description(String newLine) {
+  @Override
+  public String getFullDescription() {
     StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(400);
-    for (StackTraceElement aCallStack : callStack) {
-      sb.append(aCallStack.toString()).append(newLine);
+    for (int i = 0; i < callStack.length; i++) {
+      if (i > 0) {
+        sb.append(NEWLINE);
+      }
+      sb.append(callStack[i].toString());
     }
     return sb.toString();
   }
 
+  @Override
   public String getOriginKey(int queryHash) {
     return enc(queryHash) + "." + zeroHash + "." + pathHash;
   }
 
-  private static final int radix = 1 << 6;
-  private static final int mask = radix - 1;
-
-  /**
-   * Convert the integer to unsigned base 64.
-   */
-  public static String enc(int i) {
-    char[] buf = new char[32];
-    int charPos = 32;
-    do {
-      buf[--charPos] = intToBase64[i & mask];
-      i >>>= 6;
-    } while (i != 0);
-
-    return new String(buf, charPos, (32 - charPos));
-  }
-
-  private static final char intToBase64[] = {
-    'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
-    'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
-    'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',
-    'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
-    '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '-', '_'
-  };
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/EntityBean.java

@@ -16,12 +16,16 @@ public interface EntityBean extends Serializable {
   /**
    * Return all the property names in defined order.
    */
-  String[] _ebean_getPropertyNames();
+  default String[] _ebean_getPropertyNames() {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Return the property name at the given position.
    */
-  String _ebean_getPropertyName(int pos);
+  default String _ebean_getPropertyName(int pos) {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Return the enhancement marker value.
@@ -30,28 +34,38 @@ public interface EntityBean extends Serializable {
    * entity classes are enhanced (specifically not just a super class).
    * </p>
    */
-  String _ebean_getMarker();
+  default String _ebean_getMarker() {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Create and return a new entity bean instance.
    */
-  Object _ebean_newInstance();
+  default Object _ebean_newInstance() {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Generated method that sets the loaded state on all the embedded beans on
    * this entity bean by using EntityBeanIntercept.setEmbeddedLoaded(Object o);
    */
-  void _ebean_setEmbeddedLoaded();
+  default void _ebean_setEmbeddedLoaded() {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Return true if any embedded beans are new or dirty.
    */
-  boolean _ebean_isEmbeddedNewOrDirty();
+  default boolean _ebean_isEmbeddedNewOrDirty() {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Return the intercept for this object.
    */
-  EntityBeanIntercept _ebean_getIntercept();
+  default EntityBeanIntercept _ebean_getIntercept() {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Similar to _ebean_getIntercept() except it checks to see if the intercept
@@ -66,7 +80,9 @@ public interface EntityBean extends Serializable {
    * frameworks that can't take into account our ebean fields.
    * </p>
    */
-  EntityBeanIntercept _ebean_intercept();
+  default EntityBeanIntercept _ebean_intercept() {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Set the value of a field of an entity bean of this type.
@@ -75,12 +91,16 @@ public interface EntityBean extends Serializable {
    * on entity beans. That means lazy loading and oldValues creation.
    * </p>
    */
-  void _ebean_setField(int fieldIndex, Object value);
+  default void _ebean_setField(int fieldIndex, Object value) {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Set the field value with interception.
    */
-  void _ebean_setFieldIntercept(int fieldIndex, Object value);
+  default void _ebean_setFieldIntercept(int fieldIndex, Object value) {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Return the value of a field from an entity bean of this type.
@@ -89,11 +109,15 @@ public interface EntityBean extends Serializable {
    * on entity beans. That means lazy loading.
    * </p>
    */
-  Object _ebean_getField(int fieldIndex);
+  default Object _ebean_getField(int fieldIndex) {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Return the field value with interception.
    */
-  Object _ebean_getFieldIntercept(int fieldIndex);
+  default Object _ebean_getFieldIntercept(int fieldIndex) {
+    throw new NotEnhancedException();
+  }
 
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/EntityBeanIntercept.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.bean;
 
-import io.ebean.Ebean;
+import io.ebean.DB;
+import io.ebean.Database;
 import io.ebean.ValuePair;
 
 import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException;
@@ -39,6 +40,8 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
 
   private String ebeanServerName;
 
+  private boolean deletedFromCollection;
+
   /**
    * The actual entity bean that 'owns' this intercept.
    */
@@ -79,14 +82,14 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   private static final byte FLAG_CHANGED_PROP = 2;
 
   /**
-   * Flags indicating if a property is a dirty embedded bean. Used to distingush
+   * Flags indicating if a property is a dirty embedded bean. Used to distinguish
    * between an embedded bean being completely overwritten and one of its
    * embedded properties being made dirty.
    */
   private static final byte FLAG_EMBEDDED_DIRTY = 4;
 
   /**
-   * Flags indicating if a property is a dirty embedded bean. Used to distingush
+   * Flags indicating if a property is a dirty embedded bean. Used to distinguish
    * between an embedded bean being completely overwritten and one of its
    * embedded properties being made dirty.
    */
@@ -95,25 +98,29 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   private final byte[] flags;
 
   private boolean fullyLoadedBean;
-
+  private boolean loadedFromCache;
   private Object[] origValues;
-
+  private Exception[] loadErrors;
   private int lazyLoadProperty = -1;
-
   private Object ownerId;
   private int sortOrder;
 
   /**
    * Create a intercept with a given entity.
-   * <p>
-   * Refer to agent ProxyConstructor.
-   * </p>
    */
   public EntityBeanIntercept(Object ownerBean) {
     this.owner = (EntityBean) ownerBean;
     this.flags = new byte[owner._ebean_getPropertyNames().length];
   }
 
+  /**
+   * EXPERIMENTAL - Constructor only for use by serialization frameworks.
+   */
+  public EntityBeanIntercept() {
+    this.owner = null;
+    this.flags = null;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return the 'owning' entity bean.
    */
@@ -301,6 +308,22 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Set true when the bean has been loaded from L2 bean cache.
+   * The effect of this is that we should skip the cache if there
+   * is subsequent lazy loading (bean cache partially populated).
+   */
+  public void setLoadedFromCache(boolean loadedFromCache) {
+    this.loadedFromCache = loadedFromCache;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return true if this bean was loaded from L2 bean cache.
+   */
+  public boolean isLoadedFromCache() {
+    return loadedFromCache;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return true if the bean should be treated as readOnly. If a setter method
    * is called when it is readOnly an Exception is thrown.
@@ -348,13 +371,11 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   /**
    * Set the loaded state to true.
    * <p>
-   * Calls to setter methods after the bean is loaded can result in 'Old Values'
-   * being created to support ConcurrencyMode.ALL
-   * </p>
+   * Calls to setter methods after the bean is loaded can result in
+   * 'Old Values' being created.
    * <p>
    * Worth noting that this is also set after a insert/update. By doing so it
    * 'resets' the bean for making further changes and saving again.
-   * </p>
    */
   public void setLoaded() {
     this.state = STATE_LOADED;
@@ -368,8 +389,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   }
 
   /**
-   * When finished loading for lazy or refresh on an already partially populated
-   * bean.
+   * When finished loading for lazy or refresh on an already partially populated bean.
    */
   public void setLoadedLazy() {
     this.state = STATE_LOADED;
@@ -400,9 +420,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
 
   /**
    * Set true to turn off lazy loading.
-   * <p>
-   * Typically used to disable lazy loading on SQL based report beans.
-   * </p>
    */
   public void setDisableLazyLoad(boolean disableLazyLoad) {
     this.disableLazyLoad = disableLazyLoad;
@@ -422,7 +439,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * Return true if the embedded bean is new or dirty and hence needs saving.
    */
   public boolean isEmbeddedNewOrDirty(Object embeddedBean) {
-
     if (embeddedBean == null) {
       // if it was previously set then the owning bean would
       // have oldValues containing the previous embedded bean
@@ -430,7 +446,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
     }
     if (embeddedBean instanceof EntityBean) {
       return ((EntityBean) embeddedBean)._ebean_getIntercept().isNewOrDirty();
-
     } else {
       // non-enhanced so must assume it is new and needs to be saved
       return true;
@@ -448,8 +463,8 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Finds the index position of a given property. Returns -1 if the property
-   * can not be found.
+   * Finds the index position of a given property. Returns -1 if the
+   * property can not be found.
    */
   public int findProperty(String propertyName) {
     String[] names = owner._ebean_getPropertyNames();
@@ -472,7 +487,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return the number of properties.s
+   * Return the number of properties.
    */
   public int getPropertyLength() {
     return owner._ebean_getPropertyNames().length;
@@ -494,8 +509,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Set the property to be treated as unloaded. Used for properties initialised in default
-   * constructor.
+   * Set the property to be treated as unloaded. Used for properties initialised in default constructor.
    */
   public void setPropertyUnloaded(int propertyIndex) {
     flags[propertyIndex] &= ~FLAG_LOADED_PROP;
@@ -582,7 +596,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * For forced update on a 'New' bean set all the loaded properties to changed.
    */
   public void setNewBeanForUpdate() {
-
     for (int i = 0; i < flags.length; i++) {
       if ((flags[i] & FLAG_LOADED_PROP) != 0) {
         flags[i] |= FLAG_CHANGED_PROP;
@@ -637,8 +650,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
     for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
       if ((flags[i] & FLAG_CHANGED_PROP) != 0) {
         // the property has been changed on this bean
-        String propName = (prefix == null ? getProperty(i) : prefix + getProperty(i));
-        props.add(propName);
+        props.add((prefix == null ? getProperty(i) : prefix + getProperty(i)));
       } else if ((flags[i] & FLAG_EMBEDDED_DIRTY) != 0) {
         // an embedded property has been changed - recurse
         EntityBean embeddedBean = (EntityBean) owner._ebean_getField(i);
@@ -651,12 +663,10 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * Return true if any of the given property names are dirty.
    */
   public boolean hasDirtyProperty(Set<String> propertyNames) {
-
     String[] names = owner._ebean_getPropertyNames();
     int len = getPropertyLength();
     for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
       if ((flags[i] & FLAG_CHANGED_PROP) != 0) {
-        // the property has been changed on this bean
         if (propertyNames.contains(names[i])) {
           return true;
         }
@@ -689,10 +699,9 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
         String propName = (prefix == null ? getProperty(i) : prefix + getProperty(i));
         Object newVal = owner._ebean_getField(i);
         Object oldVal = getOrigValue(i);
-        if (!areEqual(oldVal, newVal)) {
+        if (notEqual(oldVal, newVal)) {
           dirtyValues.put(propName, new ValuePair(newVal, oldVal));
         }
-
       } else if ((flags[i] & FLAG_EMBEDDED_DIRTY) != 0) {
         // an embedded property has been changed - recurse
         EntityBean embeddedBean = (EntityBean) owner._ebean_getField(i);
@@ -711,10 +720,9 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
         // the property has been changed on this bean
         Object newVal = owner._ebean_getField(i);
         Object oldVal = getOrigValue(i);
-        if (!areEqual(oldVal, newVal)) {
+        if (notEqual(oldVal, newVal)) {
           visitor.visit(i, newVal, oldVal);
         }
-
       } else if ((flags[i] & FLAG_EMBEDDED_DIRTY) != 0) {
         // an embedded property has been changed - recurse
         EntityBean embeddedBean = (EntityBean) owner._ebean_getField(i);
@@ -735,7 +743,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Add and return a dirty property hash recursing into embedded beans.
+   * Add and return a dirty property hash.
    */
   private void addDirtyPropertyKey(StringBuilder sb) {
     if (sortOrder > 0) {
@@ -770,7 +778,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   }
 
   public boolean[] getLoaded() {
-    boolean[] ret= new boolean[flags.length];
+    boolean[] ret = new boolean[flags.length];
     for (int i = 0; i < ret.length; i++) {
       ret[i] = (flags[i] & FLAG_LOADED_PROP) != 0;
     }
@@ -795,21 +803,18 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * Load the bean when it is a reference.
    */
   protected void loadBean(int loadProperty) {
-
     synchronized (this) {
       if (beanLoader == null) {
-        BeanLoader serverLoader = (BeanLoader) Ebean.getServer(ebeanServerName);
-        if (serverLoader == null) {
-          throw new PersistenceException("Server [" + ebeanServerName + "] was not found?");
+        final Database database = DB.byName(ebeanServerName);
+        if (database == null) {
+          throw new PersistenceException("Database [" + ebeanServerName + "] was not found?");
         }
-
         // For stand alone reference bean or after deserialisation lazy load
         // using the ebeanServer. Synchronise only on the bean.
-        loadBeanInternal(loadProperty, serverLoader);
+        loadBeanInternal(loadProperty, database.getPluginApi());
         return;
       }
     }
-
     synchronized (beanLoader) {
       // Lazy loading using LoadBeanContext which supports batch loading
       // Synchronise on the beanLoader (a 'node' of the LoadBeanContext 'tree')
@@ -821,32 +826,24 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * Invoke the lazy loading. This method is synchronised externally.
    */
   private void loadBeanInternal(int loadProperty, BeanLoader loader) {
-
     if ((flags[loadProperty] & FLAG_LOADED_PROP) != 0) {
       // race condition where multiple threads calling preGetter concurrently
       return;
     }
-
     if (lazyLoadFailure) {
       // failed when batch lazy loaded by another bean in the batch
       throw new EntityNotFoundException("(Lazy) loading failed on type:" + owner.getClass().getName() + " id:" + ownerId + " - Bean has been deleted");
     }
-
     if (lazyLoadProperty == -1) {
-
       lazyLoadProperty = loadProperty;
-
       if (nodeUsageCollector != null) {
         nodeUsageCollector.setLoadProperty(getProperty(lazyLoadProperty));
       }
-
       loader.loadBean(this);
-
       if (lazyLoadFailure) {
         // failed when lazy loading this bean
         throw new EntityNotFoundException("Lazy loading failed on type:" + owner.getClass().getName() + " id:" + ownerId + " - Bean has been deleted.");
       }
-
       // bean should be loaded and intercepting now. setLoaded() has
       // been called by the lazy loading mechanism
     }
@@ -856,32 +853,31 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * Helper method to check if two objects are equal.
    */
   @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
-  protected boolean areEqual(Object obj1, Object obj2) {
+  protected static boolean notEqual(Object obj1, Object obj2) {
     if (obj1 == null) {
-      return (obj2 == null);
+      return (obj2 != null);
     }
     if (obj2 == null) {
-      return false;
+      return true;
     }
     if (obj1 == obj2) {
-      return true;
+      return false;
     }
     if (obj1 instanceof BigDecimal) {
       // Use comparable for BigDecimal as equals
       // uses scale in comparison...
       if (obj2 instanceof BigDecimal) {
         Comparable com1 = (Comparable) obj1;
-        return (com1.compareTo(obj2) == 0);
-
+        return (com1.compareTo(obj2) != 0);
       } else {
-        return false;
+        return true;
       }
     }
     if (obj1 instanceof URL) {
       // use the string format to determine if dirty
-      return obj1.toString().equals(obj2.toString());
+      return !obj1.toString().equals(obj2.toString());
     }
-    return obj1.equals(obj2);
+    return !obj1.equals(obj2);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -892,6 +888,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   }
 
   private void preGetterCallback(int propertyIndex) {
+    PreGetterCallback preGetterCallback = this.preGetterCallback;
     if (preGetterCallback != null) {
       preGetterCallback.preGetterTrigger(propertyIndex);
     }
@@ -921,25 +918,20 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   }
 
   /**
-   * OneToMany and ManyToMany don't have any interception so just check for
-   * PropertyChangeSupport.
+   * OneToMany and ManyToMany only set loaded state.
    */
   public void preSetterMany(boolean interceptField, int propertyIndex, Object oldValue, Object newValue) {
-
     if (readOnly) {
       throw new IllegalStateException("This bean is readOnly");
     }
-
     setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
   }
 
   private void setChangedPropertyValue(int propertyIndex, boolean setDirtyState, Object origValue) {
-
     if (readOnly) {
       throw new IllegalStateException("This bean is readOnly");
     }
     setChangedProperty(propertyIndex);
-
     if (setDirtyState) {
       setOriginalValue(propertyIndex, origValue);
       setDirtyStatus();
@@ -964,10 +956,9 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * the old values for use with ConcurrencyMode.ALL.
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, Object oldValue, Object newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
-    } else if (!areEqual(oldValue, newValue)) {
+    } else if (notEqual(oldValue, newValue)) {
       setChangedPropertyValue(propertyIndex, intercept, oldValue);
     }
   }
@@ -977,7 +968,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * Check for primitive boolean.
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, boolean oldValue, boolean newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (oldValue != newValue) {
@@ -989,7 +979,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * Check for primitive int.
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, int oldValue, int newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (oldValue != newValue) {
@@ -1001,7 +990,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * long.
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, long oldValue, long newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (oldValue != newValue) {
@@ -1013,7 +1001,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * double.
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, double oldValue, double newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (Double.compare(oldValue, newValue) != 0) {
@@ -1025,7 +1012,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * float.
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, float oldValue, float newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (Float.compare(oldValue, newValue) != 0) {
@@ -1037,7 +1023,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * short.
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, short oldValue, short newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (oldValue != newValue) {
@@ -1049,7 +1034,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * char.
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, char oldValue, char newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (oldValue != newValue) {
@@ -1061,7 +1045,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * byte.
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, byte oldValue, byte newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (oldValue != newValue) {
@@ -1073,7 +1056,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * char[].
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, char[] oldValue, char[] newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (!Arrays.equals(oldValue, newValue)) {
@@ -1085,7 +1067,6 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
    * byte[].
    */
   public void preSetter(boolean intercept, int propertyIndex, byte[] oldValue, byte[] newValue) {
-
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
     } else if (!Arrays.equals(oldValue, newValue)) {
@@ -1115,4 +1096,47 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
   public void setSortOrder(int sortOrder) {
     this.sortOrder = sortOrder;
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Set if the entity was deleted from a BeanCollection.
+   */
+  public void setDeletedFromCollection(final boolean deletedFromCollection) {
+    this.deletedFromCollection = deletedFromCollection;
+  }
+
+  public boolean isOrphanDelete() {
+    return deletedFromCollection && !isNew();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set the load error that happened on this property.
+   */
+  public void setLoadError(int propertyIndex, Exception t) {
+    if (loadErrors == null) {
+      loadErrors = new Exception[owner._ebean_getPropertyNames().length];
+    }
+    loadErrors[propertyIndex] = t;
+    flags[propertyIndex] |= FLAG_LOADED_PROP;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the loadErrors.
+   */
+  public Map<String, Exception> getLoadErrors() {
+    if (loadErrors == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    Map<String, Exception> ret = null;
+    int len = getPropertyLength();
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      Exception loadError = loadErrors[i];
+      if (loadError != null) {
+        if (ret == null) {
+          ret = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        }
+        ret.put(getProperty(i), loadError);
+      }
+    }
+    return ret;
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/NotEnhancedException.java

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package io.ebean.bean;
+
+/**
+ * This exception is thrown, when the default implementation of EntityBean is not or not properly overwritten by enhancer.
+ *
+ * @author Roland Praml, FOCONIS AG
+ *
+ */
+public class NotEnhancedException extends RuntimeException {
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/ObjectGraphNode.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.bean;
 
 import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Objects;
 
 /**
  * Identifies a unique node of an object graph.
@@ -85,8 +86,7 @@ public final class ObjectGraphNode implements Serializable {
     }
 
     ObjectGraphNode e = (ObjectGraphNode) obj;
-    //noinspection StringEquality
-    return ((e.path == path) || (e.path != null && e.path.equals(path)))
+    return (Objects.equals(e.path, path))
       && e.originQueryPoint.equals(originQueryPoint);
   }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/ObjectGraphOrigin.java

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ public final class ObjectGraphOrigin implements Serializable {
 
   private static final long serialVersionUID = 410937765287968708L;
 
-  private final CallStack callStack;
+  private final CallOrigin callOrigin;
 
   private final String beanType;
 
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ public final class ObjectGraphOrigin implements Serializable {
 
   private final String key;
 
-  public ObjectGraphOrigin(int queryHash, CallStack callStack, String beanType) {
-    this.callStack = callStack;
+  public ObjectGraphOrigin(int queryHash, CallOrigin callOrigin, String beanType) {
+    this.callOrigin = callOrigin;
     this.beanType = beanType;
     this.queryHash = queryHash;
-    this.key = callStack.getOriginKey(queryHash);
+    this.key = callOrigin.getOriginKey(queryHash);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -49,22 +49,22 @@ public final class ObjectGraphOrigin implements Serializable {
   /**
    * The call stack involved.
    */
-  public CallStack getCallStack() {
-    return callStack;
+  public CallOrigin getCallOrigin() {
+    return callOrigin;
   }
 
-  public String getFirstStackElement() {
-    return callStack.getFirstStackTraceElement().toString();
+  public String getTopElement() {
+    return callOrigin.getTopElement();
   }
 
   @Override
   public String toString() {
-    return "key[" + key + "] type[" + beanType + "] " + callStack.getFirstStackTraceElement() + " ";
+    return "key[" + key + "] type[" + beanType + "] " + callOrigin.getTopElement();
   }
 
   @Override
   public int hashCode() {
-    int hc = 92821 * callStack.hashCode();
+    int hc = 92821 * callOrigin.hashCode();
     hc = 92821 * hc + beanType.hashCode();
     hc = 92821 * hc + queryHash;
     return hc;
@@ -82,6 +82,6 @@ public final class ObjectGraphOrigin implements Serializable {
     ObjectGraphOrigin e = (ObjectGraphOrigin) obj;
     return e.queryHash == queryHash
       && e.beanType.equals(beanType)
-      && e.callStack.equals(callStack);
+      && e.callOrigin.equals(callOrigin);
   }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/PersistenceContext.java

@@ -61,6 +61,22 @@ public interface PersistenceContext {
    */
   int size(Class<?> rootType);
 
+  /**
+   * Return a copy of the Persistence context to use for large query iteration.
+   */
+  PersistenceContext forIterate();
+
+  /**
+   * Return a new Persistence context during iteration of large query result.
+   */
+  PersistenceContext forIterateReset();
+
+  /**
+   * Return true if the persistence context has grown and hit the 'reset limit'
+   * during large query iteration.
+   */
+  boolean resetLimit();
+
   /**
    * Wrapper on a bean to also indicate if a bean has been deleted.
    * <p>

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/SingleBeanLoader.java

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package io.ebean.bean;
+
+import io.ebean.Database;
+
+/**
+ * BeanLoader used when single beans are loaded (which is usually not ideal / N+1).
+ */
+public abstract class SingleBeanLoader implements BeanLoader {
+
+  protected final Database database;
+
+  SingleBeanLoader(Database database) {
+    this.database = database;
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public String getName() {
+    return database.getName();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Single bean lazy loaded when bean from L2 cache.
+   */
+  public static class L2 extends SingleBeanLoader {
+    public L2(Database database) {
+      super(database);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void loadBean(EntityBeanIntercept ebi) {
+      database.getPluginApi().loadBeanL2(ebi);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Single bean lazy loaded when a reference bean.
+   */
+  public static class Ref extends SingleBeanLoader {
+    public Ref(Database database) {
+      super(database);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void loadBean(EntityBeanIntercept ebi) {
+      database.getPluginApi().loadBeanRef(ebi);
+    }
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/ServerCache.java

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.cache;
 
+import io.ebean.meta.MetricVisitor;
+
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
@@ -79,4 +81,11 @@ public interface ServerCache {
    * @param reset if true the statistics are reset.
    */
   ServerCacheStatistics getStatistics(boolean reset);
+
+  /**
+   * Visit the metrics for the cache.
+   */
+  default void visit(MetricVisitor visitor) {
+    // do nothing by default
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/ServerCacheConfig.java

@@ -9,13 +9,15 @@ public class ServerCacheConfig {
 
   private final ServerCacheType type;
   private final String cacheKey;
+  private final String shortName;
   private final ServerCacheOptions cacheOptions;
   private final CurrentTenantProvider tenantProvider;
   private final QueryCacheEntryValidate queryCacheEntryValidate;
 
-  public ServerCacheConfig(ServerCacheType type, String cacheKey, ServerCacheOptions cacheOptions, CurrentTenantProvider tenantProvider, QueryCacheEntryValidate queryCacheEntryValidate) {
+  public ServerCacheConfig(ServerCacheType type, String cacheKey, String shortName, ServerCacheOptions cacheOptions, CurrentTenantProvider tenantProvider, QueryCacheEntryValidate queryCacheEntryValidate) {
     this.type = type;
     this.cacheKey = cacheKey;
+    this.shortName = shortName;
     this.cacheOptions = cacheOptions;
     this.tenantProvider = tenantProvider;
     this.queryCacheEntryValidate = queryCacheEntryValidate;
@@ -35,6 +37,13 @@ public class ServerCacheConfig {
     return cacheKey;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return the short name for the cache.
+   */
+  public String getShortName() {
+    return shortName;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return the tuning options.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/ServerCacheFactory.java

@@ -1,10 +1,19 @@
 package io.ebean.cache;
 
+import io.ebean.meta.MetricVisitor;
+
 /**
  * Defines method for constructing caches for beans and queries.
  */
 public interface ServerCacheFactory {
 
+  /**
+   * Visit the metrics for the cache.
+   */
+  default void visit(MetricVisitor visitor) {
+    // do nothing by default
+  }
+
   /**
    * Create the cache for the given type with options.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/ServerCacheManager.java

@@ -1,10 +1,19 @@
 package io.ebean.cache;
 
+import io.ebean.meta.MetricVisitor;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
 /**
  * The cache service for server side caching of beans and query results.
  */
 public interface ServerCacheManager {
 
+  /**
+   * Visit the metrics for all the server caches.
+   */
+  void visitMetrics(MetricVisitor visitor);
+
   /**
    * Return true if the L2 caching is local.
    * <p>
@@ -14,6 +23,31 @@ public interface ServerCacheManager {
    */
   boolean isLocalL2Caching();
 
+  /**
+   * Return all the cache regions.
+   */
+  List<ServerCacheRegion> allRegions();
+
+  /**
+   * Set the regions that are enabled.
+   * <p>
+   * Typically this is set on startup and at runtime (via dynamic configuration).
+   * </p>
+   *
+   * @param regions A region name or comma delimited list of region names.
+   */
+  void setEnabledRegions(String regions);
+
+  /**
+   * Enable or disable all the cache regions.
+   */
+  void setAllRegionsEnabled(boolean enabled);
+
+  /**
+   * Return the cache region by name. Typically to enable or disable the region.
+   */
+  ServerCacheRegion getRegion(String name);
+
   /**
    * Return the cache for mapping natural keys to id values.
    */
@@ -46,7 +80,7 @@ public interface ServerCacheManager {
 
   /**
    * Clear all the local caches.
-   *
+   * <p>
    * This is used when the L2 Cache is based on clustered near-caches (Like Ebean-K8s-L2Cache).
    * It is not used when the L2 cache is a distributed cache such as HazelCast or Ignite etc.
    */
@@ -54,7 +88,7 @@ public interface ServerCacheManager {
 
   /**
    * Clear the local caches for this bean type.
-   *
+   * <p>
    * This is used when the L2 Cache is based on clustered near-caches (Like Ebean-K8s-L2Cache).
    * It is not used when the L2 cache is a distributed cache such as HazelCast or Ignite etc.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/ServerCacheNotification.java

@@ -10,22 +10,15 @@ import java.util.Set;
  */
 public class ServerCacheNotification {
 
-  private final long modifyTimestamp;
-
   private final Set<String> dependentTables;
 
-  public ServerCacheNotification(long modifyTimestamp, Set<String> dependentTables) {
-    this.modifyTimestamp = modifyTimestamp;
+  public ServerCacheNotification(Set<String> dependentTables) {
     this.dependentTables = dependentTables;
   }
 
   @Override
   public String toString() {
-    return "ts:" + modifyTimestamp + " tables:" + dependentTables;
-  }
-
-  public long getModifyTimestamp() {
-    return modifyTimestamp;
+    return "tables:" + dependentTables;
   }
 
   public Set<String> getDependentTables() {

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/ServerCacheRegion.java

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package io.ebean.cache;
+
+/**
+ * Cache region can be enabled independently.
+ */
+public interface ServerCacheRegion {
+
+  /**
+   * Return the region name.
+   */
+  String getName();
+
+  /**
+   * Return true if the cache region is enabled.
+   */
+  boolean isEnabled();
+
+  /**
+   * Set to true to enable the cache region.
+   */
+  void setEnabled(boolean enabled);
+
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/ServerCacheStatistics.java

@@ -21,23 +21,13 @@ public class ServerCacheStatistics {
 
   protected long missCount;
 
-  protected long insertCount;
-
-  protected long updateCount;
+  protected long putCount;
 
   protected long removeCount;
 
   protected long clearCount;
 
-  protected long evictionRunCount;
-
-  protected long evictionRunMicros;
-
-  protected long evictByIdle;
-
-  protected long evictByTTL;
-
-  protected long evictByLRU;
+  protected long evictCount;
 
   @Override
   public String toString() {
@@ -49,15 +39,10 @@ public class ServerCacheStatistics {
     sb.append(" hitRatio:").append(getHitRatio());
     sb.append(" hit:").append(hitCount);
     sb.append(" miss:").append(missCount);
-    sb.append(" insert:").append(insertCount);
-    sb.append(" update:").append(updateCount);
+    sb.append(" put:").append(putCount);
     sb.append(" remove:").append(removeCount);
     sb.append(" clear:").append(clearCount);
-    sb.append(" evictByIdle:").append(evictByIdle);
-    sb.append(" evictByTTL:").append(evictByTTL);
-    sb.append(" evictByLRU:").append(evictByLRU);
-    sb.append(" evictionRunCount:").append(evictionRunCount);
-    sb.append(" evictionRunMicros:").append(evictionRunMicros);
+    sb.append(" evict:").append(evictCount);
     return sb.toString();
   }
 
@@ -153,29 +138,15 @@ public class ServerCacheStatistics {
   /**
    * Set the put insert count.
    */
-  public void setInsertCount(long insertCount) {
-    this.insertCount = insertCount;
+  public void setPutCount(long putCount) {
+    this.putCount = putCount;
   }
 
   /**
    * Return the put insert count.
    */
-  public long getInsertCount() {
-    return insertCount;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set the put update count.
-   */
-  public void setUpdateCount(long updateCount) {
-    this.updateCount = updateCount;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the put update count.
-   */
-  public long getUpdateCount() {
-    return updateCount;
+  public long getPutCount() {
+    return putCount;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -206,73 +177,18 @@ public class ServerCacheStatistics {
     return clearCount;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Set the eviction run count.
-   */
-  public void setEvictionRunCount(long evictCount) {
-    this.evictionRunCount = evictCount;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the eviction run count.
-   */
-  public long getEvictionRunCount() {
-    return evictionRunCount;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set the eviction run time in micros.
-   */
-  public void setEvictionRunMicros(long evictionRunMicros) {
-    this.evictionRunMicros = evictionRunMicros;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the eviction run time in micros.
-   */
-  public long getEvictionRunMicros() {
-    return evictionRunMicros;
-  }
-
   /**
    * Set the count of entries evicted due to idle time.
    */
-  public void setEvictByIdle(long evictByIdle) {
-    this.evictByIdle = evictByIdle;
+  public void setEvictCount(long evictCount) {
+    this.evictCount = evictCount;
   }
 
   /**
    * Return the count of entries evicted due to idle time.
    */
-  public long getEvictByIdle() {
-    return evictByIdle;
+  public long getEvictCount() {
+    return evictCount;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Set the count of entries evicted due to time to live.
-   */
-  public void setEvictByTTL(long evictByTTL) {
-    this.evictByTTL = evictByTTL;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the count of entries evicted due to time to live.
-   */
-  public long getEvictByTTL() {
-    return evictByTTL;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set the count of entries evicted due to time least recently used.
-   */
-  public void setEvictByLRU(long evictByLRU) {
-    this.evictByLRU = evictByLRU;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the count of entries evicted due to time least recently used.
-   */
-  public long getEvictByLRU() {
-    return evictByLRU;
-  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/ServerCacheType.java

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public enum ServerCacheType {
    */
   QUERY("_Q");
 
-  private String code;
+  private final String code;
 
   ServerCacheType(String code) {
     this.code = code;

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/AbstractBeanCollection.java

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebean.common;
 
-import io.ebean.Ebean;
+import io.ebean.DB;
 import io.ebean.ExpressionList;
 import io.ebean.bean.BeanCollection;
 import io.ebean.bean.BeanCollectionLoader;
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ abstract class AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements BeanCollection<E> {
   protected boolean disableLazyLoad;
 
   /**
-   * The EbeanServer this is associated with. (used for lazy fetch).
+   * The Database this is associated with. (used for lazy fetch).
    */
   protected transient BeanCollectionLoader loader;
 
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ abstract class AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements BeanCollection<E> {
 
   void lazyLoadCollection(boolean onlyIds) {
     if (loader == null) {
-      loader = (BeanCollectionLoader) Ebean.getServer(ebeanServerName);
+      loader = (BeanCollectionLoader) DB.byName(ebeanServerName);
     }
     loader.loadMany(this, onlyIds);
     checkEmptyLazyLoad();
@@ -219,7 +219,6 @@ abstract class AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements BeanCollection<E> {
 
   /**
    * Copies all relevant properties for a clone. See {@link #getShallowCopy()}
-   * @param other
    */
   protected void setFromOriginal(AbstractBeanCollection<E> other) {
     this.disableLazyLoad = other.disableLazyLoad;

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/BeanMap.java

@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ public final class BeanMap<K, E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Ma
   }
 
   @Override
-  @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
+  @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked"})
   public Set<Entry<K, E>> entrySet() {
     init();
     if (isReadOnly()) {

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/ModifyHolder.java

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.common;
 
+import io.ebean.bean.EntityBean;
+
 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
@@ -54,6 +56,11 @@ class ModifyHolder<E> implements Serializable {
   void modifyAddition(E bean) {
     if (bean != null) {
       touched = true;
+
+      if (bean instanceof EntityBean) {
+        ((EntityBean) bean)._ebean_getIntercept().setDeletedFromCollection(false);
+      }
+
       // If it is to delete then just remove the deletion
       if (!undoDeletion(bean)) {
         // Insert
@@ -70,6 +77,11 @@ class ModifyHolder<E> implements Serializable {
   void modifyRemoval(Object bean) {
     if (bean != null) {
       touched = true;
+
+      if (bean instanceof EntityBean) {
+        ((EntityBean) bean)._ebean_getIntercept().setDeletedFromCollection(true);
+      }
+
       // If it is to be added then just remove the addition
       if (!undoAddition(bean)) {
         modifyDeletions.add((E) bean);

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/AbstractNamingConvention.java

@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@ package io.ebean.config;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.util.AnnotationUtil;
 
-import java.util.regex.Matcher;
-import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
 import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
 import javax.persistence.Table;
@@ -16,10 +14,6 @@ import javax.persistence.Table;
  */
 public abstract class AbstractNamingConvention implements NamingConvention {
 
-  private static final Pattern TABLE_REPLACE = Pattern.compile("{table}", Pattern.LITERAL);
-
-  private static final Pattern COLUMN_REPLACE = Pattern.compile("{column}", Pattern.LITERAL);
-
   /**
    * The Constant DEFAULT_SEQ_FORMAT.
    */
@@ -83,12 +77,11 @@ public abstract class AbstractNamingConvention implements NamingConvention {
   }
 
   @Override
-  public String getSequenceName(String tableName, String pkColumn) {
-    String s = TABLE_REPLACE.matcher(sequenceFormat).replaceAll(Matcher.quoteReplacement(tableName));
-    if (pkColumn == null) {
-      pkColumn = "";
-    }
-    return COLUMN_REPLACE.matcher(s).replaceAll(Matcher.quoteReplacement(pkColumn));
+  public String getSequenceName(String rawTableName, String pkColumn) {
+    final String tableNameUnquoted = databasePlatform.unQuote(rawTableName);
+    String seqName = sequenceFormat.replace("{table}", tableNameUnquoted);
+    pkColumn = (pkColumn == null) ? "" : databasePlatform.unQuote(pkColumn);
+    return seqName.replace("{column}", pkColumn);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -219,8 +212,8 @@ public abstract class AbstractNamingConvention implements NamingConvention {
    * Return true if this class is part of entity inheritance.
    */
   protected boolean hasInheritance(Class<?> supCls) {
-    return AnnotationUtil.findAnnotationRecursive(supCls, Inheritance.class) != null
-        || AnnotationUtil.findAnnotation(supCls, DiscriminatorValue.class) != null;
+    return AnnotationUtil.typeHas(supCls, Inheritance.class)
+        || AnnotationUtil.has(supCls, DiscriminatorValue.class);
   }
 
 
@@ -252,16 +245,12 @@ public abstract class AbstractNamingConvention implements NamingConvention {
    * Gets the table name from annotation.
    */
   protected TableName getTableNameFromAnnotation(Class<?> beanClass) {
-
-    final Table t = AnnotationUtil.findAnnotationRecursive(beanClass, Table.class);
-
-    // Take the annotation if defined
-    if (t != null && !isEmpty(t.name())) {
+    final Table table = AnnotationUtil.typeGet(beanClass, Table.class);
+    if (table != null && !isEmpty(table.name())) {
       // Note: empty catalog and schema are converted to null
       // Only need to convert quoted identifiers from annotations
-      return new TableName(quoteIdentifiers(t.catalog()), quoteIdentifiers(t.schema()), quoteIdentifiers(t.name()));
+      return new TableName(quoteIdentifiers(table.catalog()), quoteIdentifiers(table.schema()), quoteIdentifiers(table.name()));
     }
-
     // No annotation
     return null;
   }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/AutoConfigure.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
 /**
- * Used to provide some automatic configuration early in the creation of an EbeanServer.
+ * Used to provide some automatic configuration early in the creation of a Database.
  */
 public interface AutoConfigure {
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/AutoTuneConfig.java

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
 /**
- * Defines the AutoTune behaviour for a EbeanServer.
+ * Defines the AutoTune behaviour for a Database.
  */
 public class AutoTuneConfig {
 
-  private AutoTuneMode mode = AutoTuneMode.DEFAULT_ON;
+  private AutoTuneMode mode = AutoTuneMode.DEFAULT_OFF;
 
   private String queryTuningFile = "ebean-autotune.xml";
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/ContainerConfig.java

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package io.ebean.config;
 import java.util.Properties;
 
 /**
- * Configuration for the container that holds the EbeanServer instances.
+ * Configuration for the container that holds the Database instances.
  * <p>
  * Provides configuration for cluster communication (if clustering is used). The cluster communication is
  * used to invalidate appropriate parts of the L2 cache across the cluster.

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/DatabaseConfig.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package io.ebean.config;
+
+import io.ebean.DatabaseFactory;
+
+/**
+ * The configuration used for creating a Database.
+ * <p>
+ * Used to programmatically construct an Database and optionally register it
+ * with the DB singleton.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * If you just use DB thout this programmatic configuration Ebean will read
+ * the application.properties file and take the configuration from there. This usually
+ * includes searching the class path and automatically registering any entity
+ * classes and listeners etc.
+ * </p>
+ * <pre>{@code
+ *
+ * DatabaseConfig config = new DatabaseConfig();
+ *
+ * // read the ebean.properties and load
+ * // those settings into this serverConfig object
+ * config.loadFromProperties();
+ *
+ * // explicitly register the entity beans to avoid classpath scanning
+ * config.addClass(Customer.class);
+ * config.addClass(User.class);
+ *
+ * Database db = DatabaseFactory.create(config);
+ *
+ * }</pre>
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * Note that ServerConfigProvider provides a standard Java ServiceLoader mechanism that can
+ * be used to apply configuration to the DatabaseConfig.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @author emcgreal
+ * @author rbygrave
+ * @see DatabaseFactory
+ */
+public class DatabaseConfig extends ServerConfig {
+
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/DbConstraintNaming.java

@@ -88,7 +88,6 @@ public class DbConstraintNaming {
    * Return the primary key constraint name.
    */
   public String primaryKeyName(String tableName) {
-
     return pkPrefix + normaliseTable(tableName) + pkSuffix;
   }
 
@@ -103,7 +102,6 @@ public class DbConstraintNaming {
    * Return the index name associated with a foreign key constraint given multiple columns.
    */
   public String foreignKeyIndexName(String tableName, String[] columns) {
-
     String colPart = joinColumnNames(columns);
     return fkIndexPrefix + normaliseTable(tableName) + fkIndexMiddle + colPart + fkIndexSuffix;
   }
@@ -112,7 +110,6 @@ public class DbConstraintNaming {
    * Return the index name associated with a foreign key constraint given a single column foreign key.
    */
   public String foreignKeyIndexName(String tableName, String column) {
-
     String colPart = normaliseTable(column);
     return fkIndexPrefix + normaliseTable(tableName) + fkIndexMiddle + colPart + fkIndexSuffix;
   }
@@ -121,7 +118,6 @@ public class DbConstraintNaming {
    * Return the index name for a general index (not associated with a foreign key).
    */
   public String indexName(String tableName, String column) {
-
     String colPart = normaliseTable(column);
     return indexPrefix + normaliseTable(tableName) + indexMiddle + colPart + indexSuffix;
   }
@@ -130,7 +126,6 @@ public class DbConstraintNaming {
    * Return the index name for a general index (not associated with a foreign key).
    */
   public String indexName(String tableName, String[] columns) {
-
     String colPart = joinColumnNames(columns);
     return indexPrefix + normaliseTable(tableName) + indexMiddle + colPart + indexSuffix;
   }
@@ -139,7 +134,6 @@ public class DbConstraintNaming {
    * Join the column names together with underscores.
    */
   protected String joinColumnNames(String[] columns) {
-
     if (columns.length == 1) {
       return normaliseColumn(columns[0]);
     }
@@ -157,7 +151,6 @@ public class DbConstraintNaming {
    * Return the unique constraint name.
    */
   public String uniqueConstraintName(String tableName, String columnName) {
-
     return uqPrefix + normaliseTable(tableName) + "_" + normaliseColumn(columnName) + uqSuffix;
   }
 
@@ -165,7 +158,6 @@ public class DbConstraintNaming {
    * Return the unique constraint name.
    */
   public String uniqueConstraintName(String tableName, String[] columns) {
-
     String colPart = joinColumnNames(columns);
     return uqPrefix + normaliseTable(tableName) + "_" + colPart + uqSuffix;
   }
@@ -174,7 +166,6 @@ public class DbConstraintNaming {
    * Return the check constraint name.
    */
   public String checkConstraintName(String tableName, String columnName) {
-
     return ckPrefix + normaliseTable(tableName) + "_" + normaliseColumn(columnName) + ckSuffix;
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/DbConstraintNormalise.java

@@ -41,17 +41,20 @@ public class DbConstraintNormalise {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Normalise the column name by removing any quoted identifier characters.
+   * Normalise the column name by removing any quoted identifier characters and formula brackets.
    */
   public String normaliseColumn(String columnName) {
-
-    columnName = trimQuotes(columnName);
+    columnName = trimBrackets(trimQuotes(columnName));
     if (lowerCaseColumns) {
       columnName = columnName.toLowerCase();
     }
     return columnName;
   }
 
+  private String trimBrackets(String value) {
+    return value.replace("(","").replace(")","");
+  }
+
   /**
    * Lower case the table name checking for quoted identifiers.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/DbMigrationConfig.java

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Properties;
 
+import static io.ebean.util.StringHelper.replace;
+
 /**
  * Configuration for the DB migration processing.
  */
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@ public class DbMigrationConfig {
    * <p>
    * The default of "dbmigration" is reasonable in most cases. You may look to set this
    * to be something like "dbmigration/myapp" where myapp gives it a unique resource path
-   * in the case there are multiple EbeanServer applications in the single classpath.
+   * in the case there are multiple Database applications in the single classpath.
    * </p>
    */
   public void setMigrationPath(String migrationPath) {
@@ -375,8 +377,8 @@ public class DbMigrationConfig {
    */
   public String getDdlHeader() {
     if (ddlHeader != null && !ddlHeader.isEmpty()) {
-      ddlHeader = StringHelper.replaceString(ddlHeader, "${version}", EbeanVersion.getVersion());
-      ddlHeader = StringHelper.replaceString(ddlHeader, "${timestamp}", ZonedDateTime.now().format( DateTimeFormatter.ISO_INSTANT ));
+      ddlHeader = replace(ddlHeader, "${version}", EbeanVersion.getVersion());
+      ddlHeader = replace(ddlHeader, "${timestamp}", ZonedDateTime.now().format( DateTimeFormatter.ISO_INSTANT ));
     }
     return ddlHeader;
   }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/DocStoreConfig.java

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public class DocStoreConfig {
   protected boolean create;
 
   /**
-   * The URL of the Document store server. For example: http://localhost:9200.
+   * The URL of the Document store. For example: http://localhost:9200.
    */
   protected String url;
 
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public class DocStoreConfig {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Set the URL to the Document store server.
+   * Set the URL to the Document store.
    * <p>
    * For a local ElasticSearch server this would be: http://localhost:9200
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/JsonConfig.java

@@ -5,6 +5,22 @@ package io.ebean.config;
  */
 public abstract class JsonConfig {
 
+  /**
+   * Defined the format used for Date types.
+   */
+  public enum Date {
+
+    /**
+     * Format as epoch millis.
+     */
+    MILLIS,
+
+    /**
+     * Format as ISO-8601 date format.
+     */
+    ISO8601
+  }
+
   /**
    * Defined the format used for DateTime types.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/MatchingNamingConvention.java

@@ -36,8 +36,7 @@ public class MatchingNamingConvention extends AbstractNamingConvention {
 
   @Override
   public TableName getTableNameByConvention(Class<?> beanClass) {
-
-    return new TableName(getCatalog(), getSchema(), beanClass.getSimpleName());
+    return new TableName(quoteIdentifiers(getCatalog()), quoteIdentifiers(getSchema()), quoteIdentifiers(beanClass.getSimpleName()));
   }
 
   @Override

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/ModuleInfo.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package io.ebean.config;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.lang.annotation.Target;
+
+/**
+ * Used by generated code to hold entity classes to register with Ebean.
+ */
+@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
+public @interface ModuleInfo {
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the entity classes with db name prefix.
+   * <p>
+   * The db name prefix is added to entity classes for non default databases.
+   */
+  String[] entities() default {};
+
+  /**
+   * Other classes like Attribute Converters.
+   */
+  String[] other() default {};
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/ModuleInfoLoader.java

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package io.ebean.config;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Loads and returns entity classes to register with Ebean databases.
+ */
+public interface ModuleInfoLoader {
+
+  /**
+   * Return the entity classes to register with the default DB.
+   */
+  List<Class<?>> entityClasses();
+
+  /**
+   * Return entity classes to register for a named DB (not default DB).
+   */
+  List<Class<?>> entityClassesFor(String dbName);
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/PlatformConfig.java

@@ -17,6 +17,13 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
 
   private boolean allQuotedIdentifiers;
 
+  private DbConstraintNaming constraintNaming;
+
+  /**
+   * Flag set when a supplied constraintNaming is used.
+   */
+  private boolean customConstraintNaming;
+
   /**
    * The database boolean true value (typically either 1, T, or Y).
    */
@@ -47,6 +54,13 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
    */
   private DbUuid dbUuid = DbUuid.AUTO_VARCHAR;
 
+  /**
+   * Set to true to force InetAddress to map to Varchar (for Postgres rather than INET)
+   */
+  private boolean databaseInetAddressVarchar;
+
+  private boolean caseSensitiveCollation = true;
+
   /**
    * Modify the default mapping of standard types such as default precision for DECIMAL etc.
    */
@@ -56,7 +70,7 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
    * Construct with defaults.
    */
   public PlatformConfig() {
-
+    this.constraintNaming = new DbConstraintNaming();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -69,6 +83,23 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
     this.idType = platformConfig.idType;
     this.geometrySRID = platformConfig.geometrySRID;
     this.dbUuid = platformConfig.dbUuid;
+    this.caseSensitiveCollation = platformConfig.caseSensitiveCollation;
+    this.allQuotedIdentifiers = platformConfig.allQuotedIdentifiers;
+    this.databaseInetAddressVarchar = platformConfig.databaseInetAddressVarchar;
+    this.customDbTypeMappings = platformConfig.customDbTypeMappings;
+    this.constraintNaming = new DbConstraintNaming(!allQuotedIdentifiers);
+  }
+
+  public DbConstraintNaming getConstraintNaming() {
+    return constraintNaming;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set a custom database constraint naming convention.
+   */
+  public void setConstraintNaming(DbConstraintNaming constraintNaming) {
+    this.customConstraintNaming = true;
+    this.constraintNaming = constraintNaming;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -83,6 +114,23 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
    */
   public void setAllQuotedIdentifiers(boolean allQuotedIdentifiers) {
     this.allQuotedIdentifiers = allQuotedIdentifiers;
+    if (!customConstraintNaming) {
+      this.constraintNaming = new DbConstraintNaming(!allQuotedIdentifiers);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return true if the collation is case sensitive.
+   */
+  public boolean isCaseSensitiveCollation() {
+    return caseSensitiveCollation;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set to false to indicate that the collation is case insensitive.
+   */
+  public void setCaseSensitiveCollation(boolean caseSensitiveCollation) {
+    this.caseSensitiveCollation = caseSensitiveCollation;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -181,6 +229,20 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
     this.idType = idType;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return true if InetAddress should map to varchar column (rather than Postgres INET).
+   */
+  public boolean isDatabaseInetAddressVarchar() {
+    return databaseInetAddressVarchar;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set to true to force InetAddress to map to varchar column.
+   */
+  public void setDatabaseInetAddressVarchar(boolean databaseInetAddressVarchar) {
+    this.databaseInetAddressVarchar = databaseInetAddressVarchar;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Add a custom type mapping.
    * <p>
@@ -235,6 +297,8 @@ public class PlatformConfig {
     databaseSequenceBatchSize = p.getInt("databaseSequenceBatchSize", databaseSequenceBatchSize);
     databaseBooleanTrue = p.get("databaseBooleanTrue", databaseBooleanTrue);
     databaseBooleanFalse = p.get("databaseBooleanFalse", databaseBooleanFalse);
+    databaseInetAddressVarchar = p.getBoolean("databaseInetAddressVarchar", databaseInetAddressVarchar);
+    caseSensitiveCollation = p.getBoolean("caseSensitiveCollation", caseSensitiveCollation);
 
     DbUuid dbUuid = p.getEnum(DbUuid.class, "dbuuid", null);
     if (dbUuid != null) {

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/ServerConfigProvider.java

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ package io.ebean.config;
  *
  * public class EbeanConfigProvider implements ServerConfigProvider {
  *
- *   @Override
+ *   ＠Override
  *   public void apply(ServerConfig config) {
  *
  *     // register the entity bean classes explicitly

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/TenantMode.java

@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ public enum TenantMode {
    * (that holds configuration e.g.)
    */
   DB_WITH_MASTER(true, true);
-  
-  boolean dynamicDataSource;
-  boolean ddlEnabled;
+
+  final boolean dynamicDataSource;
+  final boolean ddlEnabled;
 
   TenantMode(boolean dynamicDataSource, boolean ddlEnabled) {
     this.dynamicDataSource = dynamicDataSource;
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ public enum TenantMode {
   public boolean isDynamicDataSource() {
     return dynamicDataSource;
   }
-  
+
   /**
    * Returns true, if DDL is enabled.
    */
   public boolean isDdlEnabled() {
     return ddlEnabled;
   }
- 
+
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/AbstractDbEncrypt.java

@@ -43,11 +43,8 @@ public abstract class AbstractDbEncrypt implements DbEncrypt {
   public DbEncryptFunction getDbEncryptFunction(int jdbcType) {
     switch (jdbcType) {
       case Types.VARCHAR:
-        return varcharEncryptFunction;
       case Types.CLOB:
-        return varcharEncryptFunction;
       case Types.CHAR:
-        return varcharEncryptFunction;
       case Types.LONGVARCHAR:
         return varcharEncryptFunction;
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DataErrorType.java

@@ -18,5 +18,10 @@ public enum DataErrorType {
   /**
    * Data integrity error like an invalid foreign key.
    */
-  DataIntegrity
+  DataIntegrity,
+
+  /**
+   * Non recoverable concurrency conflict.
+   */
+  SerializableConflict
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DatabasePlatform.java

@@ -49,6 +49,10 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
    */
   protected boolean useExtraTransactionOnIterateSecondaryQueries;
 
+  protected boolean supportsDeleteTableAlias;
+
+  protected boolean supportsSavepointId = true;
+
   /**
    * The behaviour used when ending a read only transaction at read committed isolation level.
    */
@@ -69,6 +73,13 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
    */
   protected boolean allQuotedIdentifiers;
 
+  protected boolean caseSensitiveCollation = true;
+
+  /**
+   * Set true if the Database support LIMIT clause on sql update.
+   */
+  protected boolean inlineSqlUpdateLimit;
+
   /**
    * For limit/offset, row_number etc limiting of SQL queries.
    */
@@ -133,9 +144,9 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
    */
   protected Platform platform = Platform.GENERIC;
 
-  protected String columnAliasPrefix = "c";
+  protected String truncateTable = "truncate table %s";
 
-  protected String tableAliasPlaceHolder = "${ta}";
+  protected String columnAliasPrefix;
 
   /**
    * Use a BackTick ` at the beginning and end of table or column names that you
@@ -163,23 +174,24 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
   /**
    * Characters escaped for startsWith, endsWith and contains.
    */
-  protected char[] likeSpecialCharacters = { '%', '_', '|' };
+  protected char[] likeSpecialCharacters = {'%', '_', '|'};
 
   protected DbEncrypt dbEncrypt;
 
   protected boolean idInExpandedForm;
 
   protected boolean selectCountWithAlias;
+  protected boolean selectCountWithColumnAlias;
 
   /**
    * If set then use the FORWARD ONLY hint when creating ResultSets for
    * findIterate() and findVisit().
    */
   protected boolean forwardOnlyHintOnFindIterate;
-  
+
   /**
    * If set then use the CONCUR_UPDATABLE hint when creating ResultSets.
-   * 
+   * <p>
    * This is {@code false} for HANA
    */
   protected boolean supportsResultSetConcurrencyModeUpdatable = true;
@@ -224,6 +236,7 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
    */
   public void configure(PlatformConfig config) {
     this.sequenceBatchSize = config.getDatabaseSequenceBatchSize();
+    this.caseSensitiveCollation = config.isCaseSensitiveCollation();
     configureIdType(config.getIdType());
     configure(config, config.isAllQuotedIdentifiers());
   }
@@ -265,7 +278,7 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
    * Return true if this matches the given platform.
    */
   public boolean isPlatform(Platform platform) {
-    return this.platform == platform;
+    return this.platform.base() == platform;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -306,6 +319,37 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
     return supportsNativeIlike;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return true if the platform supports delete statements with table alias.
+   */
+  public boolean isSupportsDeleteTableAlias() {
+    return supportsDeleteTableAlias;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return true if the collation is case sensitive.
+   * <p>
+   * This is expected to be used for testing only.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  public boolean isCaseSensitiveCollation() {
+    return caseSensitiveCollation;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return true if the platform supports SavepointId values.
+   */
+  public boolean isSupportsSavepointId() {
+    return supportsSavepointId;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return true if the platform supports LIMIT with sql update.
+   */
+  public boolean isInlineSqlUpdateLimit() {
+    return inlineSqlUpdateLimit;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return the maximum table name length.
    * <p>
@@ -337,11 +381,11 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
   /**
    * Return a DB Sequence based IdGenerator.
    *
-   * @param be        the BackgroundExecutor that can be used to load the sequence if
-   *                  desired
-   * @param ds        the DataSource
-   * @param stepSize  the sequence allocation size as defined by mapping (defaults to 50)
-   * @param seqName   the name of the sequence
+   * @param be       the BackgroundExecutor that can be used to load the sequence if
+   *                 desired
+   * @param ds       the DataSource
+   * @param stepSize the sequence allocation size as defined by mapping (defaults to 50)
+   * @param seqName  the name of the sequence
    */
   public PlatformIdGenerator createSequenceIdGenerator(BackgroundExecutor be, DataSource ds, int stepSize, String seqName) {
     return null;
@@ -433,20 +477,6 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
     this.columnAliasPrefix = columnAliasPrefix;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Return the table alias placeholder.
-   */
-  public String getTableAliasPlaceHolder() {
-    return tableAliasPlaceHolder;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set the table alias placeholder.
-   */
-  public void setTableAliasPlaceHolder(String tableAliasPlaceHolder) {
-    this.tableAliasPlaceHolder = tableAliasPlaceHolder;
-  }
-
   /**
    * Return the close quote for quoted identifiers.
    */
@@ -524,7 +554,7 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
   public void setForwardOnlyHintOnFindIterate(boolean forwardOnlyHintOnFindIterate) {
     this.forwardOnlyHintOnFindIterate = forwardOnlyHintOnFindIterate;
   }
-  
+
   /**
    * Return true if the ResultSet CONCUR_UPDATABLE Hint should be used on
    * createNativeSqlTree() PreparedStatements.
@@ -535,7 +565,7 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
   public boolean isSupportsResultSetConcurrencyModeUpdatable() {
     return supportsResultSetConcurrencyModeUpdatable;
   }
-  
+
   /**
    * Set to true if the ResultSet CONCUR_UPDATABLE Hint should be used by default on createNativeSqlTree() PreparedStatements.
    */
@@ -546,7 +576,7 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
   /**
    * Normally not needed - overridden in CockroachPlatform.
    */
-  public boolean isDdlCommitOnCreateIndex() {
+  public boolean isDdlAutoCommit() {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -626,7 +656,7 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
     if (dbName != null && !dbName.isEmpty()) {
       if (dbName.startsWith(openQuote)) {
         // trim off the open and close quotes
-        return dbName.substring(1, dbName.length()-1);
+        return dbName.substring(1, dbName.length() - 1);
       }
     }
     return dbName;
@@ -639,6 +669,14 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
     return selectCountWithAlias;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return true if select count with subquery needs column alias (SQL Server).
+   */
+  public boolean isSelectCountWithColumnAlias() {
+    return selectCountWithColumnAlias;
+  }
+
+
   public String completeSql(String sql, Query<?> query) {
     if (query.isForUpdate()) {
       sql = withForUpdate(sql, query.getForUpdateMode());
@@ -677,6 +715,13 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
     return persistBatchOnCascade;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return a statement to truncate a table.
+   */
+  public String truncateStatement(String table) {
+    return String.format(truncateTable, table);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Create the DB schema if it does not exist.
    */
@@ -746,7 +791,7 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
     for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
       char ch = value.charAt(i);
       boolean escaped = false;
-      for (char escapeChar: likeSpecialCharacters) {
+      for (char escapeChar : likeSpecialCharacters) {
         if (ch == escapeChar) {
           if (sb == null) {
             sb = new StringBuilder(value.substring(0, i));

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbDefaultValue.java

@@ -27,15 +27,13 @@ public class DbDefaultValue {
    * The key for the NOW / current timestamp.
    */
   public static final String NOW = "now";
-  
+
   /**
    * The 'null' literal.
    */
   public static final String NULL = "null";
-  
 
-
-  protected Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+  protected final Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
 
   /**
    * Set the DB now function.
@@ -82,10 +80,9 @@ public class DbDefaultValue {
     return val != null ? val : dbDefaultLiteral;
   }
 
-  
   /**
    * This method checks & convert the {@link DbDefault#value()} to a valid SQL literal.
-   * 
+   *
    * This is mainly to quote string literals and verify integer/dates for correctness.
    * <p>
    * Note: There are some special cases:
@@ -98,24 +95,24 @@ public class DbDefaultValue {
    *        If you need really the String "null", you have to specify <code>@DbDefault("'null'")</code>
    *        which gives you the <code>default 'null'</code> statement.</li>
    *    <li>Any statement, that begins and ends with single quote will not be checked or get quoted again.</li>
-   *    <li>A statement that begins with "$RAW:", e.g <code>@DbDefault("$RAW:N'SANDNES'")</code> will lead to 
+   *    <li>A statement that begins with "$RAW:", e.g <code>@DbDefault("$RAW:N'SANDNES'")</code> will lead to
    *        a <code>default N'SANDNES'</code> in DDL. Note that this is platform specific!</li>
    * </ul>
    */
   public static String toSqlLiteral(String defaultValue, Class<?> propertyType, int sqlType) {
     if (propertyType == null
-        || defaultValue == null 
+        || defaultValue == null
         || NULL.equals(defaultValue)
         || (defaultValue.startsWith("'") && defaultValue.endsWith("'"))
-        || (defaultValue.startsWith("$RAW:"))) {  
+        || (defaultValue.startsWith("$RAW:"))) {
       return defaultValue;
     }
 
     if (Boolean.class.isAssignableFrom(propertyType) || Boolean.TYPE.isAssignableFrom(propertyType)) {
       return toBooleanLiteral(defaultValue);
     }
-    
-    if (Number.class.isAssignableFrom(propertyType) 
+
+    if (Number.class.isAssignableFrom(propertyType)
         || Byte.TYPE.equals(propertyType)
         || Short.TYPE.equals(propertyType)
         || Integer.TYPE.equals(propertyType)
@@ -126,7 +123,7 @@ public class DbDefaultValue {
       Double.valueOf(defaultValue); // verify if it is a number
       return defaultValue;
     }
-   
+
     // check if it is a date/time - in all other cases return quoted defaultValue
     switch (sqlType) {
       // date
@@ -155,7 +152,7 @@ public class DbDefaultValue {
     }
     throw new IllegalArgumentException("'" + value + "' is not a valid value for boolean");
   }
-  
+
   /**
    * This adds single qoutes around the <code>value</code> and doubles single quotes.
    * "User's home" will return "'User''s home'"
@@ -175,7 +172,7 @@ public class DbDefaultValue {
     return sb.toString();
 
   }
-  
+
   private static String toDateLiteral(String value) {
     if (NOW.equals(value)) {
       return value; // this will get translated later
@@ -191,7 +188,7 @@ public class DbDefaultValue {
     DatatypeConverter.parseTime(value); // verify
     return toTextLiteral(value);
   }
-  
+
   private static String toDateTimeLiteral(String value) {
     if (NOW.equals(value)) {
       return value; // this will get translated later

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbEncrypt.java

@@ -7,30 +7,18 @@ package io.ebean.config.dbplatform;
  * As an alternative to using DB encryption you can encrypt/decrypt in java via
  * a special ScalarType but this has the limitation that you can't include that
  * property in query where clauses.
- * </p>
- *
- * @author rbygrave
  */
 public interface DbEncrypt {
 
-  // /**
-  // * Return the SQL for decrypting a column returning a VARCHAR.
-  // */
-  // String getDecryptSql(String columnWithTableAlias);
-  //
-  // /**
-  // * Return the DB function with bind variables used to encrypt a VARCHAR
-  // * value.
-  // */
-  // String getEncryptBindSql();
-
+  /**
+   * Return the DB encrypt function for the given JDBC type.
+   */
   DbEncryptFunction getDbEncryptFunction(int jdbcType);
 
   /**
    * Return the DB type that encrypted Strings are stored in.
    * <p>
    * This is VARCHAR for MySql and VARBINARY for most others.
-   * </p>
    */
   int getEncryptDbType();
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbIdentity.java

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform;
 
-import java.util.regex.Matcher;
-import java.util.regex.Pattern;
-
 /**
  * Defines the identity/sequence behaviour for the database.
  */
@@ -10,8 +7,6 @@ public class DbIdentity {
 
   private static final String TABLE_PLACEHOLDER = "{table}";
 
-  private static final Pattern TABLE_REPLACE = Pattern.compile(TABLE_PLACEHOLDER, Pattern.LITERAL);
-
   /**
    * Set if this DB supports sequences. Note some DB's support both Sequences
    * and Identity.
@@ -55,10 +50,7 @@ public class DbIdentity {
     if (selectLastInsertedIdTemplate == null) {
       return null;
     }
-    if (!selectLastInsertedIdTemplate.contains(TABLE_PLACEHOLDER)) {
-      return selectLastInsertedIdTemplate;
-    }
-    return TABLE_REPLACE.matcher(selectLastInsertedIdTemplate).replaceAll(Matcher.quoteReplacement(table));
+    return selectLastInsertedIdTemplate.replace(TABLE_PLACEHOLDER, table);
   }
 
   /**

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbPlatformTypeLookup.java

@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ class DbPlatformTypeLookup {
   /**
    * A map to lookup the type by name.
    */
-  private Map<String, DbType> nameLookup = new HashMap<>();
+  private final Map<String, DbType> nameLookup = new HashMap<>();
 
   /**
    * A map to lookup the type by JDBC int value.
    */
-  private Map<Integer, DbType> idLookup = new HashMap<>();
+  private final Map<Integer, DbType> idLookup = new HashMap<>();
 
   DbPlatformTypeLookup() {
     addAll();

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbPlatformTypeMapping.java

@@ -23,10 +23,15 @@ public class DbPlatformTypeMapping {
     }
   }
 
-  private static DbPlatformTypeLookup lookup = new DbPlatformTypeLookup();
+  private static final DbPlatformTypeLookup lookup = new DbPlatformTypeLookup();
 
   private static final DbPlatformType BOOLEAN_LOGICAL = new BooleanLogicalType();
 
+  private static final DbPlatformType INET_NATIVE = new DbPlatformType("inet", false);
+  private static final DbPlatformType INET_VARCHAR = new DbPlatformType("varchar", 50);
+  private static final DbPlatformType CIDR_NATIVE = new DbPlatformType("cidr", false);
+  private static final DbPlatformType CIDR_VARCHAR = new DbPlatformType("varchar", 50);
+
   private static final DbPlatformType UUID_NATIVE = new DbPlatformType("uuid", false);
   @SuppressWarnings("unused")
   private static final DbPlatformType UUID_PLACEHOLDER = new DbPlatformType("uuidPlaceholder");
@@ -106,10 +111,12 @@ public class DbPlatformTypeMapping {
       put(DbType.JSONBLOB, new DbPlatformType("jsonblob"));
       put(DbType.JSONVARCHAR, new DbPlatformType("jsonvarchar", 1000));
       put(DbType.UUID, UUID_NATIVE);
+      put(DbType.INET, INET_NATIVE);
+      put(DbType.CIDR, CIDR_NATIVE);
 
     } else {
       put(DbType.VARCHAR, new DbPlatformType("varchar", 255));
-      put(DbType.DECIMAL, new DbPlatformType("decimal", 38));
+      put(DbType.DECIMAL, new DbPlatformType("decimal", 16, 3));
       put(DbType.VARBINARY, new DbPlatformType("varbinary", 255));
       put(DbType.BINARY, new DbPlatformType("binary", 255));
       put(DbType.CHAR, new DbPlatformType("char", 1));
@@ -121,6 +128,8 @@ public class DbPlatformTypeMapping {
       put(DbType.JSONVARCHAR, JSON_VARCHAR_PLACEHOLDER);
       // default to native UUID and override on platform configure()
       put(DbType.UUID, UUID_NATIVE);
+      put(DbType.INET, INET_VARCHAR);
+      put(DbType.CIDR, CIDR_VARCHAR);
     }
   }