[maven-release-plugin] prepare release ebean-11.2.2

* Extended test case to show problem

* FIX: Proper escaping of backslash in like/contains queries

* Had to replace "like ?" assertions in tests with "like " as mysql will do a "like binary ? escape'|'" now to be case sensitive

.travis.yml

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+dist: trusty
 sudo: required
 language: java
 jdk:
@@ -7,7 +8,7 @@ git:
   depth: 3
 
 addons:
-  postgresql: "9.4"
+  postgresql: "9.6"
 
 services:
   - postgresql

howto-test.md

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+This is a short description how to run tests
+============================================
+
+Run tests from maven
+--------------------
+
+Just type `mvn test` - it will run the whole test suite with the settings
+from `src/test/resources/ebean.properties`. 
+
+Run tests from eclipse
+----------------------
+
+Running tests requires, that the classes are enhanced. By default, the 
+`BaseTestCase` tries to load the enhancer-agent in a very early stage. This 
+also works for most test cases, but it does not work if you try to run a 
+complete test-suite, as classes that are loaded before the enhancer-agent 
+kicks in will not get enhanced. To solve this problem, you need either the
+[Eclipse-Enhancer-Plugin](https://github.com/ebean-orm-tools/ebean-eclipse-enhancer) 
+or add the agent to your JVM arguments (Preferences->Installed JREs) or to
+your run configuration: 
+`-javaagent:<USER_HOME>/.m2/repository/io/ebean/ebean-agent/<VERSION>/ebean-agent-<VERSION>.jar=debug=0`
+
+
+Platform Tests
+==============
+
+By default, the `h2` platform is used. To test a different platform, add 
+`-Ddatasource.default=xxx` to your maven command or JVM arguments.
+
+'h2' platform
+-------------
+
+Reqires no setup
+
+run: `mvn clean test`
+
+Current status: PASS
+Tests run: 1986, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 16
+
+'pg' platform
+-------------
+
+Reqirements
+- a locally installed PostgreSQL server with PostGis.
+- Create a user "unit" with password "unit" and a database "unit"
+- Give the user all permissions to that db
+
+run: `mvn clean test -Ddatasource.default=pg`
+
+Current status: PASS
+Tests run: 1986, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 16
+
+
+'mysql' platform
+-------------
+
+Reqirements
+- a locally installed MySQL server.
+- Create a user "unit" with password "unit" and a database "unit"
+- Give the user all permissions to that db
+
+run: `mvn clean test -Ddatasource.default=mysql`
+
+Current status: FAIL
+Tests run: 1986, Failures: 2, Errors: 4, Skipped: 16
+
+
+
+'sqlserver' platform
+--------------------
+
+Reqires an installed sqlserver - e.g. https://hub.docker.com/r/microsoft/mssql-server-linux/
+
+- Create a user "ebean" with password "ebean" and a database "ebean_unittest"
+- Adjust the connection string and/or username in ebean.properties
+  
+run: `mvn clean test -Ddatasource.default=mssql`
+
+Current status: FAIL
+Tests run: 1986, Failures: 19, Errors: 43, Skipped: 16
+
+
+
+'oracle' platform
+-----------------
+
+Reqires a locally installed Oracle server.
+- Create a user "unit" with password "unit" with all permissions
+- The test wirtes directly to the "xe" SID - so do not use a productive server!
+- As the Oracle JDBC driver is only available on an oracle repository,
+  you need a special maven setup as described [here](http://docs.oracle.com/middleware/1213/core/MAVEN/config_maven_repo.htm#MAVEN9010)
+  
+run: `mvn clean test -Ddatasource.default=ora -Poracle`
+
+Current status: FAIL
+Tests run: 1986, Failures: 17, Errors: 34, Skipped: 16
+
+
+
+'db2' platform
+--------------
+
+Reqires a locally installed DB2 Express-C server.
+- Create a user "unit" with password "unit" with all permissions
+- Install the db2jcc4 driver (see pom.xml)
+
+run: `mvn clean test -Ddatasource.default=db2 -Pdb2`
+
+Current status: FAIL
+Tests run: 1986, Failures: 33, Errors: 26, Skipped: 16
+
+
+'sqlite' platform
+-----------------
+
+Reqires no setup
+
+run: `mvn clean test -Ddatasource.default=sqlite`
+
+Current status: FAIL
+Tests run: 1986, Failures: 24, Errors: 86, Skipped: 16
+
+After some time, the db locks up, every test takes 3 seconds and fails with 
+"the database file is locked"
+
+
+
+'hsqldb' platform
+-----------------
+
+Reqires no setup
+
+run: `mvn clean test -Ddatasource.default=hsqldb`
+
+Current status: FAIL
+Tests run: 1980, Failures: 3, Errors: 657, Skipped: 16
+
+
+@Rob FYI
+The problem is https://sourceforge.net/p/hsqldb/bugs/1364/
+In `InsertHandler.getPstmt` the `meta.getIdentityDbColumns()` contains
+'id' in lowercase. Changing that to uppercase gives me this result:
+`Tests run: 1986, Failures: 2, Errors: 18, Skipped: 16`
+(as quick hack I added temporary a toUpperCase to BindableIdScalar.getIdentityColumn)
+
+
+'sqlanywhere' platform
+----------------------
+
+TODO: not yet tested
+
+

pom.xml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
   <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
   <artifactId>ebean</artifactId>
-  <version>10.2.1</version>
+  <version>11.2.2</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>
 
   <name>ebean</name>
@@ -17,9 +17,59 @@
 
   <scm>
     <developerConnection>scm:git:git@github.com:ebean-orm/ebean.git</developerConnection>
-    <tag>ebean-10.2.1</tag>
+    <tag>ebean-11.2.2</tag>
   </scm>
 
+  <profiles>
+    <profile>
+      <!-- Note: to use this profile, you need credentials for the oracle repository in your
+        settings.xml as described here:
+        http://docs.oracle.com/middleware/1213/core/MAVEN/config_maven_repo.htm#MAVEN9010 -->
+      <id>oracle</id>
+      <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+          <groupId>com.oracle.jdbc</groupId>
+          <artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
+          <version>12.2.0.1</version>
+          <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+      </dependencies>
+      <repositories>
+        <repository>
+          <id>maven.oracle.com</id>
+          <releases>
+            <enabled>true</enabled>
+          </releases>
+          <snapshots>
+            <enabled>false</enabled>
+          </snapshots>
+          <url>https://maven.oracle.com</url>
+          <layout>default</layout>
+        </repository>
+      </repositories>
+    </profile>
+    <profile>
+      <!-- Note: to use this profile, you need to download manually the db2jcc4 driver.
+        After that, install it into your local maven repository:
+
+        mvn install:install-file \
+          -Dfile=db2jcc4.jar \
+          -DgroupId=com.ibm.jdbc \
+          -DartifactId=db2jcc4 \
+          -Dversion=4.23.42 \
+          -Dpackaging=jar
+      -->
+      <id>db2</id>
+      <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+          <groupId>com.ibm.jdbc</groupId>
+          <artifactId>db2jcc4</artifactId>
+          <version>4.23.42</version>
+          <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+      </dependencies>
+    </profile>
+  </profiles>
   <dependencies>
 
     <dependency>
@@ -37,7 +87,7 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
       <artifactId>ebean-annotation</artifactId>
-      <version>2.2</version>
+      <version>3.1</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
@@ -49,7 +99,7 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.avaje</groupId>
       <artifactId>avaje-datasource</artifactId>
-      <version>2.1.1</version>
+      <version>2.1.2</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
@@ -61,13 +111,13 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.avaje</groupId>
       <artifactId>avaje-classpath-scanner</artifactId>
-      <version>2.2.2</version>
+      <version>2.2.4</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
-      <artifactId>ebean-dbmigration</artifactId>
-      <version>10.1.4</version>
+      <artifactId>ebean-migration</artifactId>
+      <version>10.3.1</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <dependency>
@@ -86,14 +136,14 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
       <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
-      <version>2.6.5</version>
+      <version>2.9.0</version>
     </dependency>
 
     <!-- provided scope for JsonNode support -->
     <dependency>
       <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
       <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
-      <version>2.6.5</version>
+      <version>2.9.0</version>
       <scope>provided</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -130,7 +180,7 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
       <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
-      <version>9.4.1212.jre7</version>
+      <version>9.4.1212</version>
       <scope>provided</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -160,7 +210,7 @@
     <dependency>
       <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
       <artifactId>ebean-agent</artifactId>
-      <version>10.1.7</version>
+      <version>11.1.1</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -187,10 +237,18 @@
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
+      <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
+      <version>6.1.3.jre8-preview</version>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
     <dependency>
       <groupId>mysql</groupId>
       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
-      <version>6.0.5</version>
+      <!-- Do not upgrade to 6.0.6: https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=82896 -->
+      <version>5.1.43</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
 
@@ -225,7 +283,7 @@
       <plugin>
         <groupId>io.ebean</groupId>
         <artifactId>ebean-maven-plugin</artifactId>
-        <version>10.1.7</version>
+        <version>11.1.1</version>
         <executions>
           <execution>
             <id>test</id>
@@ -282,7 +340,7 @@
           <overview>src/main/java/io/ebean/overview.html</overview>
           <source>1.8</source>
           <doclet>org.avaje.doclet.PygmentsDoclet</doclet>
-          <excludePackageNames>io.ebeaninternal.*:com.avaje.ebean.util:io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration:io.ebean.dbmigration.migration:io.ebean.dbmigration.migrationreader:io.ebean.dbmigration.model</excludePackageNames>
+          <excludePackageNames>io.ebeaninternal.*:com.avaje.ebean.util</excludePackageNames>
           <docletArtifact>
             <groupId>org.avaje</groupId>
             <artifactId>pygments-doclet</artifactId>

src/main/java/io/ebean/AcquireLockException.java

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import javax.persistence.PessimisticLockException;
  * </p>
  */
 public class AcquireLockException extends PessimisticLockException {
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = -8585962352965876691L;
 
   /**
    * Create with a message and cause.

src/main/java/io/ebean/CacheMode.java

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package io.ebean;
+/**
+ * Enum to control the different cache modes for queryCache (and maybe later) beanCache.
+ * 
+ * If cache is enabled, you must be careful, what you do with the returned collection.
+ * By default the returned collections are read only and you will get an exception if you try
+ * to change them.
+ * If you add ".setReadOnly(false)" to your query, you'll get a collection that is a clone from the
+ * one in the cache. That means, changing does not affect the cache
+ * 
+ * @author Roland Praml, FOCONIS AG
+ */
+public enum CacheMode {
+  /**
+   * Do not use cache.
+   */
+  OFF(false, false),
+  
+  /**
+   * Use the cace (query & store the resut). 
+   */
+  ON(true, true), 
+  
+  /**
+   * Do not read from cache, but write retrived value to cache.
+   * Use this, if you want to get the fresh value from database and a CacheMode.ON query will follow.
+   */
+  RECACHE(false, true),
+  
+  /**
+   * Query the cache for value. If it is there, use it, otherwise hit database but do NOT put the value
+   * into the cache. (this mode is for completeness. There's probably no use case for this)
+   */
+  QUERY_ONLY(true,false);
+  
+  private boolean get;
+  private boolean put;
+
+  private CacheMode(boolean get, boolean put) {
+    this.get = get;
+    this.put = put;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Retruns <code>true</code> if value is read from cache.
+   */
+  public boolean isGet() {
+    return get;
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * Returns <code>true</code> if value (from database) is written to cache.
+   */
+  public boolean isPut() {
+    return put;
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/DataIntegrityException.java

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
  * Thrown when a foreign key constraint is enforced.
  */
 public class DataIntegrityException extends PersistenceException {
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = -6740171949170180970L;
 
   /**
    * Create with a message and cause.

src/main/java/io/ebean/DocumentStore.java

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    * Return the bean by fetching it's content from the document store.
    * If the document is not found null is returned.
    * <p>
-   * Typically this is called indirectly by findUnique() on the query.
+   * Typically this is called indirectly by findOne() on the query.
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public interface DocumentStore {
    *   server.find(Customer.class)
    *     .setUseDocStore(true)
    *     .setId(42)
-   *     .findUnique();
+   *     .findOne();
    *
    * }</pre>
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/DuplicateKeyException.java

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ package io.ebean;
  * Thrown when a duplicate is attempted on a unique constraint.
  */
 public class DuplicateKeyException extends DataIntegrityException {
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = -4771932723285724817L;
 
   /**
    * Create with a message and cause.

src/main/java/io/ebean/Ebean.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
+import io.ebean.annotation.TxIsolation;
 import io.ebean.cache.ServerCacheManager;
 import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
 import io.ebean.text.csv.CsvReader;
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 
 /**
@@ -154,7 +156,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
         } else {
           // look to see if there is a default server defined
           String defaultName = PrimaryServer.getDefaultServerName();
-          logger.debug("defaultName:" + defaultName);
+          logger.debug("defaultName:{}", defaultName);
           if (defaultName != null && !defaultName.trim().isEmpty()) {
             defaultServer = getWithCreate(defaultName.trim());
           }
@@ -289,7 +291,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Backdoor for registering a mock implementation of EbeanServer as the default  server.
+   * Backdoor for registering a mock implementation of EbeanServer as the default server.
    */
   protected static EbeanServer mock(String name, EbeanServer server, boolean defaultServer) {
     EbeanServer originalPrimaryServer = serverMgr.defaultServer;
@@ -371,9 +373,10 @@ public final class Ebean {
   /**
    * Start a transaction typically specifying REQUIRES_NEW or REQUIRED semantics.
    * <p>
-   * Note that this provides an try finally alternative to using {@link #execute(TxScope, TxCallable)} or
-   * {@link #execute(TxScope, TxRunnable)}.
+   * Note that this provides an try finally alternative to using {@link #executeCall(TxScope, Callable)} or
+   * {@link #execute(TxScope, Runnable)}.
    * </p>
+   *
    * <h3>REQUIRES_NEW example:</h3>
    * <pre>{@code
    * // Start a new transaction. If there is a current transaction
@@ -822,7 +825,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * }</pre>
    * <p>
    * If you want more control over the query then you can use createQuery() and
-   * Query.findUnique();
+   * Query.findOne();
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
@@ -843,7 +846,8 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *
    *   // traverse the object graph...
    *
-   *   Order order = query.findUnique();
+   *   Order order = query.findOne();
+   *
    *   Customer customer = order.getCustomer();
    *   Address shippingAddress = customer.getShippingAddress();
    *   List<OrderDetail> details = order.getDetails();
@@ -959,7 +963,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * predicates, order by, limits etc.
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * You then use findList(), findSet(), findMap() and findUnique() to execute
+   * You then use findList(), findSet(), findMap() and findOne() to execute
    * the query and return the collection or bean.
    * </p>
    * <p>
@@ -991,7 +995,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *   Query<Order> query = Ebean.createQuery(Order.class, eql);
    *   query.setParameter("orderId", 2);
    *
-   *   Order order = query.findUnique();
+   *   Order order = query.findOne();
    *
    *   // This is the same as:
    *
@@ -1000,7 +1004,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *     .fetch("details")
    *     .fetch("detail.product", "name")
    *     .setId(2)
-   *     .findUnique();
+   *     .findOne();
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
@@ -1181,20 +1185,20 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  public static void execute(TxScope scope, TxRunnable r) {
+  public static void execute(TxScope scope, Runnable r) {
     serverMgr.getDefaultServer().execute(scope, r);
   }
 
   /**
-   * Execute a TxRunnable in a Transaction with the default scope.
+   * Execute a Runnable in a Transaction with the default scope.
    * <p>
    * The default scope runs with REQUIRED and by default will rollback on any
    * exception (checked or runtime).
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   Ebean.execute(new TxRunnable() {
-   *     public void run() {
+   *   Ebean.execute(() -> {
+   *
    *       User u1 = Ebean.find(User.class, 1);
    *       User u2 = Ebean.find(User.class, 2);
    *
@@ -1203,17 +1207,17 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *
    *       Ebean.save(u1);
    *       Ebean.save(u2);
-   *     }
+   *
    *   });
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  public static void execute(TxRunnable r) {
+  public static void execute(Runnable r) {
     serverMgr.getDefaultServer().execute(r);
   }
 
   /**
-   * Execute a TxCallable in a Transaction with an explicit scope.
+   * Execute a Callable in a Transaction with an explicit scope.
    * <p>
    * The scope can control the transaction type, isolation and rollback
    * semantics.
@@ -1223,7 +1227,7 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *   // set specific transactional scope settings
    *   TxScope scope = TxScope.requiresNew().setIsolation(TxIsolation.SERIALIZABLE);
    *
-   *   Ebean.execute(scope, new TxCallable<String>() {
+   *   Ebean.executeCall(scope, new Callable<String>() {
    * 	   public String call() {
    * 		   User u1 = Ebean.find(User.class, 1);
    * 		   ...
@@ -1233,12 +1237,12 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  public static <T> T execute(TxScope scope, TxCallable<T> c) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().execute(scope, c);
+  public static <T> T executeCall(TxScope scope, Callable<T> c) {
+    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().executeCall(scope, c);
   }
 
   /**
-   * Execute a TxCallable in a Transaction with the default scope.
+   * Execute a Callable in a Transaction with the default scope.
    * <p>
    * The default scope runs with REQUIRED and by default will rollback on any
    * exception (checked or runtime).
@@ -1249,8 +1253,8 @@ public final class Ebean {
    * </p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   Ebean.execute(new TxCallable<String>() {
-   *     public String call() {
+   *   Ebean.executeCall(() -> {
+   *
    *       User u1 = Ebean.find(User.class, 1);
    *       User u2 = Ebean.find(User.class, 2);
    *
@@ -1261,13 +1265,13 @@ public final class Ebean {
    *       Ebean.save(u2);
    *
    *       return u1.getEmail();
-   *     }
+   *
    *   });
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  public static <T> T execute(TxCallable<T> c) {
-    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().execute(c);
+  public static <T> T executeCall(Callable<T> c) {
+    return serverMgr.getDefaultServer().executeCall(c);
   }
 
   /**

src/main/java/io/ebean/EbeanServer.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
+import io.ebean.annotation.TxIsolation;
 import io.ebean.cache.ServerCacheManager;
 import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
 import io.ebean.meta.MetaInfoManager;
@@ -14,7 +15,9 @@ import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
@@ -237,7 +240,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *   Query<Order> query = Ebean.createQuery(Order.class, ormQuery);
    *   query.setParameter("orderId", 2);
    *
-   *   Order order = query.findUnique();
+   *   Order order = query.findOne();
    *
    *   // This is the same as:
    *
@@ -246,7 +249,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *     .fetch("details")
    *     .fetch("detail.product", "name")
    *     .setId(2)
-   *     .findUnique();
+   *     .findOne();
    *
    * }</pre>
    *
@@ -264,7 +267,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    * predicates, order by, limits etc.
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * You then use findList(), findSet(), findMap() and findUnique() to execute
+   * You then use findList(), findSet(), findMap() and findOne() to execute
    * the query and return the collection or bean.
    * </p>
    * <p>
@@ -284,7 +287,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *     .fetch("details")
    *     .fetch("detail.product", "name")
    *     .setId(2)
-   *     .findUnique();
+   *     .findOne();
    *
    *   // find some new orders ... with firstRow/maxRows
    *   List<Order> orders =
@@ -559,8 +562,8 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    * Start a transaction typically specifying REQUIRES_NEW or REQUIRED semantics.
    * <p>
    * <p>
-   * Note that this provides an try finally alternative to using {@link #execute(TxScope, TxCallable)} or
-   * {@link #execute(TxScope, TxRunnable)}.
+   * Note that this provides an try finally alternative to using {@link #executeCall(TxScope, Callable)} or
+   * {@link #execute(TxScope, Runnable)}.
    * </p>
    * <p>
    * <h3>REQUIRES_NEW example:</h3>
@@ -693,7 +696,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    * <p>
    * <p>
    * If you want more control over the query then you can use createQuery() and
-   * Query.findUnique();
+   * Query.findOne();
    * </p>
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
@@ -713,7 +716,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *   query.fetch("details.product", "name");
    *
    *
-   *   Order order = query.findUnique();
+   *   Order order = query.findOne();
    *
    *   // traverse the object graph...
    *
@@ -1066,7 +1069,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    * This will throw a NonUniqueResultException if the query finds more than one result.
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * Generally you are able to use {@link Query#findUnique()} rather than
+   * Generally you are able to use {@link Query#findOne()} rather than
    * explicitly calling this method. You could use this method if you wish to
    * explicitly control the transaction used for the query.
    * </p>
@@ -1076,10 +1079,28 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    * @param transaction the transaction to use (can be null).
    * @return the list of fetched beans.
    * @throws NonUniqueResultException if more than one result was found
-   * @see Query#findUnique()
+   * @see Query#findOne()
    */
   @Nullable
-  <T> T findUnique(Query<T> query, Transaction transaction);
+  <T> T findOne(Query<T> query, Transaction transaction);
+
+  /**
+   * Similar to findOne() but returns an Optional (rather than nullable).
+   */
+  <T> Optional<T> findOneOrEmpty(Query<T> query, Transaction transaction);
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated - please migrate to findOne().
+   * <p>
+   * This proceeded findOne which was introduced to better match spring data.
+   * This will be deprecated at some future point.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  @Nullable
+  default <T> T findUnique(Query<T> query, Transaction transaction) {
+    return findOne(query, transaction);
+  }
 
   /**
    * Execute as a delete query deleting the 'root level' beans that match the predicates
@@ -1150,7 +1171,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    * result.
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * Generally you are able to use {@link SqlQuery#findUnique()} rather than
+   * Generally you are able to use {@link SqlQuery#findOne()} rather than
    * explicitly calling this method. You could use this method if you wish to
    * explicitly control the transaction used for the query.
    * </p>
@@ -1158,10 +1179,23 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    * @param query       the query to execute.
    * @param transaction the transaction to use (can be null).
    * @return the fetched MapBean or null if none was found.
-   * @see SqlQuery#findUnique()
+   * @see SqlQuery#findOne()
    */
   @Nullable
-  SqlRow findUnique(SqlQuery query, Transaction transaction);
+  SqlRow findOne(SqlQuery query, Transaction transaction);
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated - please migrate to findOne().
+   * <p>
+   * This proceeded findOne which was introduced to better match spring data.
+   * This will be deprecated at some future point.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  @Nullable
+  default SqlRow findUnique(SqlQuery query, Transaction transaction) {
+    return findOne(query, transaction);
+  }
 
   /**
    * Either Insert or Update the bean depending on its state.
@@ -1559,7 +1593,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
   int execute(CallableSql callableSql, Transaction transaction);
 
   /**
-   * Execute a TxRunnable in a Transaction with an explicit scope.
+   * Execute a Runnable in a Transaction with an explicit scope.
    * <p>
    * The scope can control the transaction type, isolation and rollback
    * semantics.
@@ -1570,7 +1604,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *   // set specific transactional scope settings
    *   TxScope scope = TxScope.requiresNew().setIsolation(TxIsolation.SERIALIZABLE);
    *
-   *   ebeanServer.execute(scope, new TxRunnable() {
+   *   ebeanServer.execute(scope, new Runnable() {
    * 	   public void run() {
    * 		   User u1 = Ebean.find(User.class, 1);
    * 		   ...
@@ -1579,10 +1613,10 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  void execute(TxScope scope, TxRunnable runnable);
+  void execute(TxScope scope, Runnable runnable);
 
   /**
-   * Execute a TxRunnable in a Transaction with the default scope.
+   * Execute a Runnable in a Transaction with the default scope.
    * <p>
    * The default scope runs with REQUIRED and by default will rollback on any
    * exception (checked or runtime).
@@ -1590,8 +1624,8 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *    ebeanServer.execute(new TxRunnable() {
-   *      public void run() {
+   *    ebeanServer.execute(() -> {
+   *
    *        User u1 = ebeanServer.find(User.class, 1);
    *        User u2 = ebeanServer.find(User.class, 2);
    *
@@ -1600,12 +1634,12 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *
    *        ebeanServer.save(u1);
    *        ebeanServer.save(u2);
-   *      }
+   *
    *    });
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  void execute(TxRunnable runnable);
+  void execute(Runnable runnable);
 
   /**
    * Execute a TxCallable in a Transaction with an explicit scope.
@@ -1619,7 +1653,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *   // set specific transactional scope settings
    *   TxScope scope = TxScope.requiresNew().setIsolation(TxIsolation.SERIALIZABLE);
    *
-   *   ebeanServer.execute(scope, new TxCallable<String>() {
+   *   ebeanServer.executeCall(scope, new Callable<String>() {
    * 	   public String call() {
    * 		   User u1 = ebeanServer.find(User.class, 1);
    * 		   ...
@@ -1629,7 +1663,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  <T> T execute(TxScope scope, TxCallable<T> callable);
+  <T> T executeCall(TxScope scope, Callable<T> callable);
 
   /**
    * Execute a TxCallable in a Transaction with the default scope.
@@ -1638,13 +1672,9 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    * exception (checked or runtime).
    * </p>
    * <p>
-   * This is basically the same as TxRunnable except that it returns an Object
-   * (and you specify the return type via generics).
-   * </p>
-   * <p>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *   ebeanServer.execute(new TxCallable<String>() {
+   *   ebeanServer.executeCall(new Callable<String>() {
    *     public String call() {
    *       User u1 = ebeanServer.find(User.class, 1);
    *       User u2 = ebeanServer.find(User.class, 2);
@@ -1661,7 +1691,7 @@ public interface EbeanServer {
    *
    * }</pre>
    */
-  <T> T execute(TxCallable<T> callable);
+  <T> T executeCall(Callable<T> callable);
 
   /**
    * Return the manager of the server cache ("L2" cache).

src/main/java/io/ebean/EbeanServerFactory.java

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
-import io.ebean.common.SpiContainer;
 import io.ebean.config.ContainerConfig;
 import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
-import io.ebeaninternal.server.lib.ShutdownManager;
+import io.ebean.service.SpiContainer;
+import io.ebean.service.SpiContainerFactory;
 
 import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
-import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
+import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.ServiceLoader;
 
 /**
  * Creates EbeanServer instances.
@@ -30,8 +31,6 @@ import java.util.Properties;
 public class EbeanServerFactory {
 
 
-  private static final String DEFAULT_CONTAINER = "io.ebeaninternal.server.core.DefaultContainer";
-
   private static SpiContainer container;
 
   /**
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ public class EbeanServerFactory {
    * </p>
    */
   public static synchronized void shutdown() {
-    ShutdownManager.shutdown();
+    container.shutdown();
   }
 
 
@@ -135,14 +134,10 @@ public class EbeanServerFactory {
    */
   protected static SpiContainer createContainer(ContainerConfig containerConfig) {
 
-    String implClassName = System.getProperty("ebean.container", DEFAULT_CONTAINER);
-
-    try {
-      Class<?> cls = Class.forName(implClassName);
-      Constructor<?> constructor = cls.getConstructor(ContainerConfig.class);
-      return (SpiContainer) constructor.newInstance(containerConfig);
-    } catch (Exception ex) {
-      throw new RuntimeException(ex);
+    Iterator<SpiContainerFactory> factories = ServiceLoader.load(SpiContainerFactory.class).iterator();
+    if (factories.hasNext()) {
+      return factories.next().create(containerConfig);
     }
+    throw new IllegalStateException("Service loader didn't find a SpiContainerFactory?");
   }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExpressionFactory.java

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import io.ebean.search.TextQueryString;
 import io.ebean.search.TextSimple;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 
 /**
@@ -308,9 +307,9 @@ public interface ExpressionFactory {
   Expression idIn(Object... idValues);
 
   /**
-   * Id IN a list of Id values.
+   * Id IN a collection of Id values.
    */
-  Expression idIn(List<?> idList);
+  Expression idIn(Collection<?> idCollection);
 
   /**
    * All Equal - Map containing property names and their values.

src/main/java/io/ebean/ExpressionList.java

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import java.sql.Timestamp;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
@@ -263,10 +264,28 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
    * </p>
    *
    * @throws NonUniqueResultException if more than one result was found
-   * @see Query#findUnique()
+   * @see Query#findOne()
    */
   @Nullable
-  T findUnique();
+  T findOne();
+
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning an optional bean.
+   */
+  Optional<T> findOneOrEmpty();
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated - please migrate to findOne().
+   * <p>
+   * This proceeded findOne which was introduced to better match spring data.
+   * This will be deprecated at some future point.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  @Nullable
+  default T findUnique() {
+    return findOne();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Execute find row count query in a background thread.
@@ -426,12 +445,21 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
   Query<T> setUseCache(boolean useCache);
 
   /**
-   * Set to true to use the query for executing this query.
+   * Set the {@link CacheMode} to use the query for executing this query.
    *
    * @see Query#setUseQueryCache(boolean)
    */
-  Query<T> setUseQueryCache(boolean useCache);
+  Query<T> setUseQueryCache(CacheMode useCache);
 
+  /**
+   * Calls {@link #setUseQueryCache(CacheMode)} with <code>ON</code> or <code>OFF</code>.
+   * 
+   * @see Query#setUseQueryCache(CacheMode)
+   */
+  default Query<T> setUseQueryCache(boolean enabled) {
+    return setUseQueryCache(enabled ? CacheMode.ON : CacheMode.OFF);
+  }
+  
   /**
    * Set to true if this query should execute against the doc store.
    * <p>
@@ -820,9 +848,9 @@ public interface ExpressionList<T> {
   ExpressionList<T> idIn(Object... idValues);
 
   /**
-   * Id IN a list of id values.
+   * Id IN a collection of id values.
    */
-  ExpressionList<T> idIn(List<?> idValues);
+  ExpressionList<T> idIn(Collection<?> idValues);
 
   /**
    * Id Equal to - ID property is equal to the value.

src/main/java/io/ebean/Finder.java

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import java.util.List;
  *   // Add your customer finder methods ...
  *
  *   public Customer byName(String name) {
- *     return query().eq("name", name).findUnique();
+ *     return query().eq("name", name).findOne();
  *   }
  *
  *   public List<Customer> findNew() {
@@ -92,6 +92,20 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
     this.serverName = serverName;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return the current transaction.
+   */
+  public Transaction currentTransaction() {
+    return db().currentTransaction();
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Flush the JDBC batch on the current transaction.
+   */
+  public void flush() {
+    db().flush();
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return the underlying 'default' EbeanServer.
    * <p>
@@ -170,4 +184,5 @@ public class Finder<I, T> {
   public Query<T> query(String ormQuery) {
     return db().createQuery(type, ormQuery);
   }
+
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/LikeType.java

@@ -6,22 +6,22 @@ package io.ebean;
 public enum LikeType {
 
   /**
-   * You need to put in your own wildcards.
+   * You need to put in your own wildcards - no escaping is performed.
    */
   RAW,
 
   /**
-   * The % wildcard is added to the end of the search word.
+   * The % wildcard is added to the end of the search word and search word is escaped.
    */
   STARTS_WITH,
 
   /**
-   * The % wildcard is added to the beginning of the search word.
+   * The % wildcard is added to the beginning of the search word and search word is escaped.
    */
   ENDS_WITH,
 
   /**
-   * The % wildcard is added to the beginning and end of the search word.
+   * The % wildcard is added to the beginning and end of the search word and search word is escaped.
    */
   CONTAINS,
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/Query.java

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import javax.persistence.NonUniqueResultException;
 import java.sql.Timestamp;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
@@ -214,11 +215,6 @@ public interface Query<T> {
     SKIPLOCKED
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Return the RawSql that was set to use for this query.
-   */
-  RawSql getRawSql();
-
   /**
    * Set RawSql to use for this query.
    */
@@ -830,7 +826,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * Product product =
    *     ebeanServer.find(Product.class)
    *         .where().eq("sku", "aa113")
-   *         .findUnique();
+   *         .findOne();
    * ...
    * }</pre>
    * <p>
@@ -844,7 +840,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
    *       .setId(1)
    *       .fetch("details")
-   *       .findUnique();
+   *       .findOne();
    *
    * // the order details were eagerly loaded
    * List<OrderDetail> details = order.getDetails();
@@ -854,7 +850,25 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    * @throws NonUniqueResultException if more than one result was found
    */
   @Nullable
-  T findUnique();
+  T findOne();
+
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning an optional bean.
+   */
+  Optional<T> findOneOrEmpty();
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated - please migrate to findOne().
+   * <p>
+   * This proceeded findOne which was introduced to better match spring data.
+   * This will be deprecated at some future point.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  @Nullable
+  default T findUnique() {
+    return findOne();
+  }
 
   /**
    * Return versions of a @History entity bean.
@@ -1012,7 +1026,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   Query<T> setParameter(int position, Object value);
 
   /**
-   * Set the Id value to query. This is used with findUnique().
+   * Set the Id value to query. This is used with findOne().
    * <p>
    * You can use this to have further control over the query. For example adding
    * fetch joins.
@@ -1023,7 +1037,7 @@ public interface Query<T> {
    *     ebeanServer.find(Order.class)
    *     .setId(1)
    *     .fetch("details")
-   *     .findUnique();
+   *     .findOne();
    *
    * // the order details were eagerly fetched
    * List<OrderDetail> details = order.getDetails();
@@ -1306,9 +1320,16 @@ public interface Query<T> {
   Query<T> setUseCache(boolean useCache);
 
   /**
-   * Set this to true to use the query cache.
+   * Set the {@link CacheMode} to use the query for executing this query.
    */
-  Query<T> setUseQueryCache(boolean useQueryCache);
+  Query<T> setUseQueryCache(CacheMode useQueryCache);
+
+  /**
+   * Calls {@link #setUseQueryCache(CacheMode)} with <code>ON</code> or <code>OFF</code>.
+   */
+  default Query<T> setUseQueryCache(boolean enabled) {
+    return setUseQueryCache(enabled ? CacheMode.ON : CacheMode.OFF);
+  }
 
   /**
    * Set to true if this query should execute against the doc store.

src/main/java/io/ebean/RawSql.java

@@ -1,16 +1,5 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
-import io.ebean.util.CamelCaseHelper;
-
-import java.io.Serializable;
-import java.sql.ResultSet;
-import java.util.Collections;
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Map;
-
 /**
  * Used to build object graphs based on a raw SQL statement (rather than
  * generated by Ebean).
@@ -169,566 +158,6 @@ import java.util.Map;
  * Note that lazy loading also works with object graphs built with RawSql.
  * </p>
  */
-public final class RawSql implements Serializable {
+public interface RawSql {
 
-  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
-
-  private final ResultSet resultSet;
-
-  private final Sql sql;
-
-  private final ColumnMapping columnMapping;
-
-  /**
-   * Construct with a ResultSet and properties that the columns map to.
-   * <p>
-   * The properties listed in the propertyNames must be in the same order as the columns in the
-   * resultSet.
-   * <p>
-   * When a query executes this RawSql object then it will close the resultSet.
-   */
-  public RawSql(ResultSet resultSet, String... propertyNames) {
-    this.resultSet = resultSet;
-    this.sql = null;
-    this.columnMapping = new ColumnMapping(propertyNames);
-  }
-
-  protected RawSql(ResultSet resultSet, Sql sql, ColumnMapping columnMapping) {
-    this.resultSet = resultSet;
-    this.sql = sql;
-    this.columnMapping = columnMapping;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the Sql either unparsed or in parsed (broken up) form.
-   */
-  public Sql getSql() {
-    return sql;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the key;
-   */
-  public Key getKey() {
-    boolean parsed = sql != null && sql.parsed;
-    String unParsedSql = (sql == null) ? "" : sql.unparsedSql;
-    return new Key(parsed, unParsedSql, columnMapping);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the resultSet if this is a ResultSet based RawSql.
-   */
-  public ResultSet getResultSet() {
-    return resultSet;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the column mapping for the SQL columns to bean properties.
-   */
-  public ColumnMapping getColumnMapping() {
-    return columnMapping;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Represents the sql part of the query. For parsed RawSql the sql is broken
-   * up so that Ebean can insert extra WHERE and HAVING expressions into the
-   * SQL.
-   */
-  public static final class Sql implements Serializable {
-
-    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
-
-    private final boolean parsed;
-
-    private final String unparsedSql;
-
-    private final String preFrom;
-
-    private final String preWhere;
-
-    private final boolean andWhereExpr;
-
-    private final String preHaving;
-
-    private final boolean andHavingExpr;
-
-    private final String orderByPrefix;
-
-    private final String orderBy;
-
-    private final boolean distinct;
-
-    /**
-     * Construct for unparsed SQL.
-     */
-    protected Sql(String unparsedSql) {
-      this.parsed = false;
-      this.unparsedSql = unparsedSql;
-      this.preFrom = null;
-      this.preHaving = null;
-      this.preWhere = null;
-      this.andHavingExpr = false;
-      this.andWhereExpr = false;
-      this.orderByPrefix = null;
-      this.orderBy = null;
-      this.distinct = false;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Construct for parsed SQL.
-     */
-    protected Sql(String unparsedSql, String preFrom, String preWhere, boolean andWhereExpr,
-                  String preHaving, boolean andHavingExpr, String orderByPrefix, String orderBy, boolean distinct) {
-
-      this.unparsedSql = unparsedSql;
-      this.parsed = true;
-      this.preFrom = preFrom;
-      this.preHaving = preHaving;
-      this.preWhere = preWhere;
-      this.andHavingExpr = andHavingExpr;
-      this.andWhereExpr = andWhereExpr;
-      this.orderByPrefix = orderByPrefix;
-      this.orderBy = orderBy;
-      this.distinct = distinct;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-      if (!parsed) {
-        return "unparsed[" + unparsedSql + "]";
-      }
-      return "select[" + preFrom + "] preWhere[" + preWhere + "] preHaving[" + preHaving + "] orderBy[" + orderBy + "]";
-    }
-
-    public boolean isDistinct() {
-      return distinct;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return true if the SQL is left completely unmodified.
-     * <p>
-     * This means Ebean can't add WHERE or HAVING expressions into the query -
-     * it will be left completely unmodified.
-     * </p>
-     */
-    public boolean isParsed() {
-      return parsed;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the SQL when it is unparsed.
-     */
-    public String getUnparsedSql() {
-      return unparsedSql;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the SQL prior to FROM clause.
-     */
-    public String getPreFrom() {
-      return preFrom;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the SQL prior to WHERE clause.
-     */
-    public String getPreWhere() {
-      return preWhere;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return true if there is already a WHERE clause and any extra where
-     * expressions start with AND.
-     */
-    public boolean isAndWhereExpr() {
-      return andWhereExpr;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the SQL prior to HAVING clause.
-     */
-    public String getPreHaving() {
-      return preHaving;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return true if there is already a HAVING clause and any extra having
-     * expressions start with AND.
-     */
-    public boolean isAndHavingExpr() {
-      return andHavingExpr;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the 'order by' keywords.
-     * This can contain additional keywords, for example 'order siblings by' as Oracle syntax.
-     */
-    public String getOrderByPrefix() {
-      return (orderByPrefix == null) ? "order by" : orderByPrefix;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the SQL ORDER BY clause.
-     */
-    public String getOrderBy() {
-      return orderBy;
-    }
-
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Defines the column mapping for raw sql DB columns to bean properties.
-   */
-  public static final class ColumnMapping implements Serializable {
-
-    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
-
-    private final LinkedHashMap<String, Column> dbColumnMap;
-
-    private final Map<String, String> propertyMap;
-
-    private final Map<String, Column> propertyColumnMap;
-
-    private final boolean parsed;
-
-    private final boolean immutable;
-
-    /**
-     * Construct from parsed sql where the columns have been identified.
-     */
-    protected ColumnMapping(List<Column> columns) {
-      this.immutable = false;
-      this.parsed = true;
-      this.propertyMap = null;
-      this.propertyColumnMap = null;
-      this.dbColumnMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
-      for (Column c : columns) {
-        dbColumnMap.put(c.getDbColumnKey(), c);
-      }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Construct for unparsed sql.
-     */
-    protected ColumnMapping() {
-      this.immutable = false;
-      this.parsed = false;
-      this.propertyMap = null;
-      this.propertyColumnMap = null;
-      this.dbColumnMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Construct for ResultSet use.
-     */
-    protected ColumnMapping(String... propertyNames) {
-      this.immutable = false;
-      this.parsed = false;
-      this.propertyMap = null;
-      this.dbColumnMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
-
-      int pos = 0;
-      for (String prop : propertyNames) {
-        dbColumnMap.put(prop, new Column(pos++, prop, null, prop));
-      }
-      propertyColumnMap = dbColumnMap;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Construct an immutable ColumnMapping based on collected information.
-     */
-    protected ColumnMapping(boolean parsed, LinkedHashMap<String, Column> dbColumnMap) {
-      this.immutable = true;
-      this.parsed = parsed;
-      this.dbColumnMap = dbColumnMap;
-
-      HashMap<String, Column> pcMap = new HashMap<>();
-      HashMap<String, String> pMap = new HashMap<>();
-
-      for (Column c : dbColumnMap.values()) {
-        pMap.put(c.getPropertyName(), c.getDbColumn());
-        pcMap.put(c.getPropertyName(), c);
-      }
-      this.propertyMap = Collections.unmodifiableMap(pMap);
-      this.propertyColumnMap = Collections.unmodifiableMap(pcMap);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean equals(Object o) {
-      if (this == o) return true;
-      if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
-      ColumnMapping that = (ColumnMapping) o;
-      return dbColumnMap.equals(that.dbColumnMap);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int hashCode() {
-      return dbColumnMap.hashCode();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return true if the property is mapped.
-     */
-    public boolean contains(String property) {
-      return this.propertyColumnMap.containsKey(property);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Creates an immutable copy of this ColumnMapping.
-     *
-     * @throws IllegalStateException when a propertyName has not been defined for a column.
-     */
-    protected ColumnMapping createImmutableCopy() {
-
-      for (Column c : dbColumnMap.values()) {
-        c.checkMapping();
-      }
-
-      return new ColumnMapping(parsed, dbColumnMap);
-    }
-
-    protected void columnMapping(String dbColumn, String propertyName) {
-
-      if (immutable) {
-        throw new IllegalStateException("Should never happen");
-      }
-      if (!parsed) {
-        int pos = dbColumnMap.size();
-        dbColumnMap.put(dbColumn, new Column(pos, dbColumn, null, propertyName));
-      } else {
-        Column column = dbColumnMap.get(dbColumn);
-        if (column == null) {
-          String msg = "DB Column [" + dbColumn + "] not found in mapping. Expecting one of [" + dbColumnMap.keySet() + "]";
-          throw new IllegalArgumentException(msg);
-        }
-        column.setPropertyName(propertyName);
-      }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Returns true if the Columns where supplied by parsing the sql select
-     * clause.
-     * <p>
-     * In the case where the columns where parsed then we can do extra checks on
-     * the column mapping such as, is the column a valid one in the sql and
-     * whether all the columns in the sql have been mapped.
-     * </p>
-     */
-    public boolean isParsed() {
-      return parsed;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the number of columns in this column mapping.
-     */
-    public int size() {
-      return dbColumnMap.size();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the column mapping.
-     */
-    protected Map<String, Column> mapping() {
-      return dbColumnMap;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the mapping by DB column.
-     */
-    public Map<String, String> getMapping() {
-      return propertyMap;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the index position by bean property name.
-     */
-    public int getIndexPosition(String property) {
-      Column c = propertyColumnMap.get(property);
-      return c == null ? -1 : c.getIndexPos();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return an iterator of the Columns.
-     */
-    public Iterator<Column> getColumns() {
-      return dbColumnMap.values().iterator();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Modify any column mappings with the given table alias to have the path prefix.
-     * <p>
-     * For example modify all mappings with table alias "c" to have the path prefix "customer".
-     * </p>
-     * <p>
-     * For the "Root type" you don't need to specify a tableAliasMapping.
-     * </p>
-     */
-    public void tableAliasMapping(String tableAlias, String path) {
-
-      String startMatch = tableAlias + ".";
-      for (Map.Entry<String, Column> entry : dbColumnMap.entrySet()) {
-        if (entry.getKey().startsWith(startMatch)) {
-          entry.getValue().tableAliasMapping(path);
-        }
-      }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * A Column of the RawSql that is mapped to a bean property (or ignored).
-     */
-    public static class Column implements Serializable {
-
-      private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
-      private final int indexPos;
-      private final String dbColumn;
-
-      private final String dbAlias;
-
-      private String propertyName;
-
-      /**
-       * Construct a Column.
-       */
-      public Column(int indexPos, String dbColumn, String dbAlias) {
-        this(indexPos, dbColumn, dbAlias, derivePropertyName(dbAlias, dbColumn));
-      }
-
-      private Column(int indexPos, String dbColumn, String dbAlias, String propertyName) {
-        this.indexPos = indexPos;
-        this.dbColumn = dbColumn;
-        this.dbAlias = dbAlias;
-        if (propertyName == null && dbAlias != null) {
-          this.propertyName = dbAlias;
-        } else {
-          this.propertyName = propertyName;
-        }
-      }
-
-      protected static String derivePropertyName(String dbAlias, String dbColumn) {
-        if (dbAlias != null) {
-          return CamelCaseHelper.toCamelFromUnderscore(dbAlias);
-        }
-        int dotPos = dbColumn.indexOf('.');
-        if (dotPos > -1) {
-          dbColumn = dbColumn.substring(dotPos + 1);
-        }
-        return CamelCaseHelper.toCamelFromUnderscore(dbColumn);
-      }
-
-      private void checkMapping() {
-        if (propertyName == null) {
-          String msg = "No propertyName defined (Column mapping) for dbColumn [" + dbColumn + "]";
-          throw new IllegalStateException(msg);
-        }
-      }
-
-      @Override
-      public boolean equals(Object o) {
-        if (this == o) return true;
-        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
-
-        Column that = (Column) o;
-        if (indexPos != that.indexPos) return false;
-        if (!dbColumn.equals(that.dbColumn)) return false;
-        if (dbAlias != null ? !dbAlias.equals(that.dbAlias) : that.dbAlias != null) return false;
-        return propertyName != null ? propertyName.equals(that.propertyName) : that.propertyName == null;
-      }
-
-      @Override
-      public int hashCode() {
-        int result = indexPos;
-        result = 92821 * result + dbColumn.hashCode();
-        result = 92821 * result + (dbAlias != null ? dbAlias.hashCode() : 0);
-        result = 92821 * result + (propertyName != null ? propertyName.hashCode() : 0);
-        return result;
-      }
-
-      @Override
-      public String toString() {
-        return dbColumn + "->" + propertyName;
-      }
-
-      /**
-       * Return the index position of this column.
-       */
-      public int getIndexPos() {
-        return indexPos;
-      }
-
-      /**
-       * Return the DB column alias if specified otherwise DB column.
-       * This is used as the key for mapping a column to a logical property.
-       */
-      public String getDbColumnKey() {
-        return (dbAlias != null) ? dbAlias : dbColumn;
-      }
-
-      /**
-       * Return the DB column name including table alias (if it has one).
-       */
-      public String getDbColumn() {
-        return dbColumn;
-      }
-
-      /**
-       * Return the bean property this column is mapped to.
-       */
-      public String getPropertyName() {
-        return propertyName;
-      }
-
-      /**
-       * Set the property name mapped to this db column.
-       */
-      private void setPropertyName(String propertyName) {
-        this.propertyName = propertyName;
-      }
-
-      /**
-       * Prepend the path to the property name.
-       * <p/>
-       * For example if path is "customer" then "name" becomes "customer.name".
-       */
-      public void tableAliasMapping(String path) {
-        if (path != null) {
-          propertyName = path + "." + propertyName;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * A key for the RawSql object using for the query plan.
-   */
-  public static final class Key {
-
-    private final boolean parsed;
-    private final ColumnMapping columnMapping;
-    private final String unParsedSql;
-
-    Key(boolean parsed, String unParsedSql, ColumnMapping columnMapping) {
-      this.parsed = parsed;
-      this.unParsedSql = unParsedSql;
-      this.columnMapping = columnMapping;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean equals(Object o) {
-      if (this == o) return true;
-      if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
-
-      Key that = (Key) o;
-      return parsed == that.parsed
-        && columnMapping.equals(that.columnMapping)
-        && unParsedSql.equals(that.unParsedSql);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int hashCode() {
-      int result = (parsed ? 1 : 0);
-      result = 92821 * result + columnMapping.hashCode();
-      result = 92821 * result + unParsedSql.hashCode();
-      return result;
-    }
-  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/RawSqlBuilder.java

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
-import io.ebean.RawSql.ColumnMapping;
-import io.ebean.RawSql.Sql;
-
 import java.sql.ResultSet;
 
 /**
@@ -14,18 +11,7 @@ import java.sql.ResultSet;
  *
  * @see RawSql
  */
-public class RawSqlBuilder {
-
-  /**
-   * Special property name assigned to a DB column that should be ignored.
-   */
-  public static final String IGNORE_COLUMN = "$$_IGNORE_COLUMN_$$";
-
-  private final ResultSet resultSet;
-
-  private final Sql sql;
-
-  private final ColumnMapping columnMapping;
+public interface RawSqlBuilder {
 
   /**
    * Create and return a RawSql object based on the resultSet and list of properties the columns in
@@ -34,8 +20,8 @@ public class RawSqlBuilder {
    * The properties listed in the propertyNames must be in the same order as the columns in the
    * resultSet.
    */
-  public static RawSql resultSet(ResultSet resultSet, String... propertyNames) {
-    return new RawSql(resultSet, propertyNames);
+  static RawSql resultSet(ResultSet resultSet, String... propertyNames) {
+    return XServiceProvider.get().resultSet(resultSet, propertyNames);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -43,10 +29,8 @@ public class RawSqlBuilder {
    * modified - so no additional WHERE or HAVING expressions can be added to
    * this query.
    */
-  public static RawSqlBuilder unparsed(String sql) {
-
-    Sql s = new Sql(sql);
-    return new RawSqlBuilder(s, new ColumnMapping());
+  static RawSqlBuilder unparsed(String sql) {
+    return XServiceProvider.get().unparsed(sql);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -62,19 +46,8 @@ public class RawSqlBuilder {
    * correct column names are entered into the mapping.
    * </p>
    */
-  public static RawSqlBuilder parse(String sql) {
-
-    Sql sql2 = DRawSqlParser.parse(sql);
-    String select = sql2.getPreFrom();
-
-    ColumnMapping mapping = DRawSqlColumnsParser.parse(select);
-    return new RawSqlBuilder(sql2, mapping);
-  }
-
-  private RawSqlBuilder(Sql sql, ColumnMapping columnMapping) {
-    this.sql = sql;
-    this.columnMapping = columnMapping;
-    this.resultSet = null;
+  static RawSqlBuilder parse(String sql) {
+    return XServiceProvider.get().parsed(sql);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -87,17 +60,12 @@ public class RawSqlBuilder {
    * @param dbColumn     the DB column that we are mapping to a bean property
    * @param propertyName the bean property that we are mapping the DB column to.
    */
-  public RawSqlBuilder columnMapping(String dbColumn, String propertyName) {
-    columnMapping.columnMapping(dbColumn, propertyName);
-    return this;
-  }
+  RawSqlBuilder columnMapping(String dbColumn, String propertyName);
 
   /**
    * Ignore this DB column. It is not mapped to any bean property.
    */
-  public RawSqlBuilder columnMappingIgnore(String dbColumn) {
-    return columnMapping(dbColumn, IGNORE_COLUMN);
-  }
+  RawSqlBuilder columnMappingIgnore(String dbColumn);
 
   /**
    * Modify any column mappings with the given table alias to have the path prefix.
@@ -108,24 +76,12 @@ public class RawSqlBuilder {
    * For the "Root type" you don't need to specify a tableAliasMapping.
    * </p>
    */
-  public RawSqlBuilder tableAliasMapping(String tableAlias, String path) {
-    columnMapping.tableAliasMapping(tableAlias, path);
-    return this;
-  }
+  RawSqlBuilder tableAliasMapping(String tableAlias, String path);
 
   /**
    * Create the immutable RawSql object. Do this after all the column mapping
    * has been defined.
    */
-  public RawSql create() {
-    return new RawSql(resultSet, sql, columnMapping.createImmutableCopy());
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the internal parsed Sql object (for testing).
-   */
-  protected Sql getSql() {
-    return sql;
-  }
+  RawSql create();
 
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/SqlQuery.java

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package io.ebean;
 
 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
@@ -70,7 +71,20 @@ public interface SqlQuery extends Serializable {
    * PersistenceException.
    * </p>
    */
-  SqlRow findUnique();
+  SqlRow findOne();
+
+  /**
+   * Execute the query returning an optional row.
+   */
+  Optional<SqlRow> findOneOrEmpty();
+
+  /**
+   * Deprecated - please migrate to findOne().
+   */
+  @Deprecated
+  default SqlRow findUnique() {
+    return findOne();
+  }
 
   /**
    * The same as bind for named parameters.

src/main/java/io/ebean/Transaction.java

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
 import io.ebean.annotation.DocStoreMode;
+import io.ebean.annotation.PersistBatch;
 import io.ebean.config.DocStoreConfig;
 import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
 
@@ -129,6 +130,7 @@ public interface Transaction extends AutoCloseable {
   /**
    * Synonym for end() to support AutoClosable.
    */
+  @Override
   void close();
 
   /**

src/main/java/io/ebean/TxCallable.java

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-package io.ebean;
-
-/**
- * Execute a TxCallable in a Transaction scope.
- * <p>
- * Use this with the {@link Ebean#execute(TxCallable)} method.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * Note that this is basically the same as TxRunnable except that it returns an
- * Object (and you specify the return type via generics).
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * See also {@link TxRunnable}.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- * Ebean.execute(new TxCallable<String>() {
- *   public String call() {
- *     User u1 = Ebean.find(User.class, 1);
- *     User u2 = Ebean.find(User.class, 2);
- *
- *     u1.setName("u1 mod");
- *     u2.setName("u2 mod");
- *
- *     Ebean.save(u1);
- *     Ebean.save(u2);
- *
- *     return u1.getEmail();
- *   }
- * });
- *
- * }</pre>
- *
- * @see TxRunnable
- */
-public interface TxCallable<T> {
-
-  /**
-   * Execute the method within a transaction scope returning the result.
-   * <p>
-   * If you do not want to return a result you should look to use TxRunnable
-   * instead.
-   * </p>
-   */
-  T call();
-}

src/main/java/io/ebean/TxRunnable.java

@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-package io.ebean;
-
-/**
- * Execute a TxRunnable in a Transaction scope.
- * <p>
- * Use this with the {@link Ebean#execute(TxRunnable)} method.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * See also {@link TxCallable}.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- * // this run method runs in a transaction scope
- * // which by default is TxScope.REQUIRED
- *
- * Ebean.execute(new TxRunnable() {
- *   public void run() {
- *     User u1 = Ebean.find(User.class, 1);
- *     User u2 = Ebean.find(User.class, 2);
- *
- *     u1.setName("u1 mod");
- *     u2.setName("u2 mod");
- *
- *     Ebean.save(u1);
- *     Ebean.save(u2);
- *   }
- * });
- *
- * }</pre>
- *
- * @see TxCallable
- */
-public interface TxRunnable {
-
-  /**
-   * Run the method in a transaction sope.
-   */
-  void run();
-}

src/main/java/io/ebean/TxScope.java

@@ -1,24 +1,27 @@
 package io.ebean;
 
+import io.ebean.annotation.PersistBatch;
+import io.ebean.annotation.TxIsolation;
+import io.ebean.annotation.TxType;
+
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
 
 /**
  * Holds the definition of how a transactional method should run.
  * <p>
  * This information matches the features of the Transactional annotation. You
- * can use it directly with TxRunnable or TxCallable via
- * {@link Ebean#execute(TxScope, TxCallable)} or
- * {@link Ebean#execute(TxScope, TxRunnable)}.
+ * can use it directly with Runnable or Callable via
+ * {@link Ebean#execute(TxScope, Runnable)} or
+ * {@link Ebean#executeCall(TxScope, Callable)}.
  * </p>
  * <p>
  * This object is used internally with the enhancement of a method with
  * Transactional annotation.
  * </p>
  *
- * @see TxCallable
- * @see TxRunnable
- * @see Ebean#execute(TxScope, TxCallable)
- * @see Ebean#execute(TxScope, TxRunnable)
+ * @see Ebean#execute(TxScope, Runnable)
+ * @see Ebean#executeCall(TxScope, Callable)
  */
 public final class TxScope {
 
@@ -38,6 +41,11 @@ public final class TxScope {
 
   boolean readOnly;
 
+  /**
+   * Set this to false if the JDBC batch should not be automatically be flushed when a query is executed.
+   */
+  boolean flushOnQuery = true;
+
   ArrayList<Class<? extends Throwable>> rollbackFor;
 
   ArrayList<Class<? extends Throwable>> noRollbackFor;
@@ -235,6 +243,21 @@ public final class TxScope {
     return this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return false if the JDBC batch buffer should not be flushed automatically when a query is executed.
+   */
+  public boolean isFlushOnQuery() {
+    return flushOnQuery;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set flushOnQuery to be false to stop automatically flushing the JDBC batch buffer when a query is executed.
+   */
+  public TxScope setFlushOnQuery(boolean flushOnQuery) {
+    this.flushOnQuery = flushOnQuery;
+    return this;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return the Isolation level this transaction should run with.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/XServiceProvider.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package io.ebean;
+
+import io.ebean.service.SpiRawSqlService;
+
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.ServiceLoader;
+
+/**
+ * Lookup internal services.
+ */
+class XServiceProvider {
+
+  private static SpiRawSqlService builder = init();
+
+  private static SpiRawSqlService init() {
+
+    Iterator<SpiRawSqlService> loader = ServiceLoader.load(SpiRawSqlService.class).iterator();
+    if (loader.hasNext()) {
+      return loader.next();
+    }
+    throw new IllegalStateException("No service implementation found for SpiRawSqlService?");
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the RawSqlService implementation.
+   */
+  static SpiRawSqlService get() {
+    return builder;
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/annotation/Transactional.java

@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-package io.ebean.annotation;
-
-import io.ebean.TxIsolation;
-import io.ebean.TxType;
-import io.ebean.PersistBatch;
-
-import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
-import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
-import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
-import java.lang.annotation.Target;
-
-/**
- * Specify transaction scoping for a method.
- * <p>
- * <b><i> This is only supported if "Enhancement" is used via javaagent, ANT
- * task or IDE enhancement plugin etc. </i></b>
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * Note: Currently there are 3 known annotations that perform this role.
- * <ul>
- * <li>EJB's javax.ejb.TransactionAttribute</li>
- * <li>Spring's org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional</li>
- * <li>and this one, Ebean's own Transactional</li>
- * </ul>
- * Spring created their one because the EJB annotation does not support features
- * such as isolation level and specifying rollbackOn, noRollbackOn exceptions.
- * This one exists for Ebean because I agree that the standard one is
- * insufficient and don't want to include a dependency on Spring.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * The default behaviour of EJB (and hence Spring) is to NOT ROLLBACK on checked
- * exceptions. I find this very counter-intuitive. Ebean will provide a property
- * to set the default behaviour to rollback on any exception and optionally
- * change the setting to be consistent with EJB/Spring if people wish to do so.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * <pre>{@code
- *
- *  // a normal class
- *  public class MySimpleUserService {
- *
- *    // this method is transactional automatically handling
- *    // transaction begin, commit and rollback etc
- *    @Transactional
- *    public void runInTrans() throws IOException {
- *
- *      // tasks performed within the transaction
- *      ...
- *      // find some objects
- *      Customer cust = ebeanServer.find(Customer.class, 42);
- *
- *      Order order = ...;
- *      ...
- *      // save some objects
- *      ebeanServer.save(customer);
- *      ebeanServer.save(order);
- *    }
- *
- * }</pre>
- */
-@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.TYPE})
-@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
-public @interface Transactional {
-
-  /**
-   * The type of transaction scoping. Defaults to REQUIRED.
-   */
-  TxType type() default TxType.REQUIRED;
-
-  /**
-   * Persist batch mode for the transaction.
-   */
-  PersistBatch batch() default PersistBatch.INHERIT;
-
-  /**
-   * Persist batch mode for the request if not set on the transaction.
-   * <p>
-   * If batch is set to NONE then batchOnCascade can be set to INSERT or ALL
-   * and then each save(), delete(), insert(), update() request that cascades
-   * to child beans can use JDBC batch.
-   * </p>
-   */
-  PersistBatch batchOnCascade() default PersistBatch.INHERIT;
-
-  /**
-   * The batch size to use when using JDBC batch mode.
-   * <p>
-   * If unset this defaults to the value set in ServerConfig.
-   * </p>
-   */
-  int batchSize() default 0;
-
-  /**
-   * Set to false when we want to skip getting generatedKeys.
-   * <p>
-   * This is typically used in the case of large batch inserts where we get a
-   * performance benefit from not calling getGeneratedKeys (as we are going to
-   * insert a lot of rows and have no need for the Id values after the insert).
-   * </p>
-   */
-  boolean getGeneratedKeys() default true;
-
-  /**
-   * The transaction isolation level this transaction should have.
-   * <p>
-   * This will only be used if this scope creates the transaction. If the
-   * transaction has already started then this will currently be ignored (you
-   * could argue that it should throw an exception).
-   * </p>
-   */
-  TxIsolation isolation() default TxIsolation.DEFAULT;
-
-  /**
-   * Set this to true if the transaction should be only contain queries.
-   */
-  boolean readOnly() default false;
-
-  /**
-   * The name of the server that you want the transaction to be created from.
-   * <p>
-   * If left blank the 'default' server is used.
-   * </p>
-   */
-  String serverName() default "";
-
-  // int timeout() default 0;
-
-  /**
-   * The Throwable's that will explicitly cause a rollback to occur.
-   */
-  Class<? extends Throwable>[] rollbackFor() default {};
-
-  /**
-   * The Throwable's that will explicitly NOT cause a rollback to occur.
-   */
-  Class<? extends Throwable>[] noRollbackFor() default {};
-
-}

src/main/java/io/ebean/annotation/package-info.java

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * Transactional annotations.
- */
-package io.ebean.annotation;

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/BeanCollection.java

@@ -226,4 +226,9 @@ public interface BeanCollection<E> extends Serializable {
    * additions and removals have been processed.
    */
   void modifyReset();
+
+  /**
+   * Return a shallow copy of this collection that is modifiable.
+   */
+  BeanCollection<E> getShallowCopy();
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/BeanDiffVisitor.java

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package io.ebean.bean;
+
+/**
+ * Visitor for collecting new/old values for a bean update.
+ */
+public interface BeanDiffVisitor {
+
+  /**
+   * Collect a new/old value pair.
+   */
+  void visit(int position, Object newVal, Object oldVal);
+
+  /**
+   * Start processing an associated bean.
+   */
+  void visitPush(int position);
+
+  /**
+   * Stop processing an associated bean.
+   */
+  void visitPop();
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/bean/EntityBeanIntercept.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package io.ebean.bean;
 import io.ebean.Ebean;
 import io.ebean.ValuePair;
 
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException;
 import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
 import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
@@ -506,6 +507,15 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
     loadedProps[propertyIndex] = true;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Set all properties to be loaded (post insert).
+   */
+  public void setLoadedPropertyAll() {
+    for (int i = 0; i < loadedProps.length; i++) {
+      loadedProps[i] = true;
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return true if the property is loaded.
    */
@@ -693,6 +703,28 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Recursively add dirty properties.
+   */
+  public void addDirtyPropertyValues(BeanDiffVisitor visitor) {
+    int len = getPropertyLength();
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      if (changedProps != null && changedProps[i]) {
+        // the property has been changed on this bean
+        Object newVal = owner._ebean_getField(i);
+        Object oldVal = getOrigValue(i);
+        visitor.visit(i, newVal, oldVal);
+
+      } else if (embeddedDirty != null && embeddedDirty[i]) {
+        // an embedded property has been changed - recurse
+        EntityBean embeddedBean = (EntityBean) owner._ebean_getField(i);
+        visitor.visitPush(i);
+        embeddedBean._ebean_getIntercept().addDirtyPropertyValues(visitor);
+        visitor.visitPop();
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return a dirty property hash taking into account embedded beans.
    */
@@ -1026,7 +1058,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
 
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
-    } else if (oldValue != newValue) {
+    } else if (Double.compare(oldValue, newValue) != 0) {
       setChangedPropertyValue(propertyIndex, intercept, oldValue);
     } else {
       return null;
@@ -1041,7 +1073,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
 
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
-    } else if (oldValue != newValue) {
+    } else if (Float.compare(oldValue, newValue) != 0) {
       setChangedPropertyValue(propertyIndex, intercept, oldValue);
     } else {
       return null;
@@ -1101,7 +1133,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
 
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
-    } else if (!areEqualChars(oldValue, newValue)) {
+    } else if (!Arrays.equals(oldValue, newValue)) {
       setChangedPropertyValue(propertyIndex, intercept, oldValue);
     } else {
       return null;
@@ -1116,7 +1148,7 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
 
     if (state == STATE_NEW) {
       setLoadedProperty(propertyIndex);
-    } else if (!areEqualBytes(oldValue, newValue)) {
+    } else if (!Arrays.equals(oldValue, newValue)) {
       setChangedPropertyValue(propertyIndex, intercept, oldValue);
     } else {
       return null;
@@ -1124,45 +1156,10 @@ public final class EntityBeanIntercept implements Serializable {
     return (pcs == null) ? null : new PropertyChangeEvent(owner, getProperty(propertyIndex), oldValue, newValue);
   }
 
-  private static boolean areEqualBytes(byte[] b1, byte[] b2) {
-    if (b1 == null) {
-      return (b2 == null);
-
-    } else if (b2 == null) {
-      return false;
-
-    } else if (b1 == b2) {
-      return true;
-
-    } else if (b1.length != b2.length) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    for (int i = 0; i < b1.length; i++) {
-      if (b1[i] != b2[i]) {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  private static boolean areEqualChars(char[] b1, char[] b2) {
-    if (b1 == null) {
-      return (b2 == null);
-
-    } else if (b2 == null) {
-      return false;
-
-    } else if (b1 == b2) {
-      return true;
-
-    } else if (b1.length != b2.length) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    for (int i = 0; i < b1.length; i++) {
-      if (b1[i] != b2[i]) {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-    return true;
+  /**
+   * Explicitly set an old value.
+   */
+  public void setOldValue(int propertyIndex,Object oldValue) {
+    setChangedPropertyValue(propertyIndex, true, oldValue);
   }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/ServerCacheFactory.java

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.cache;
 
+import io.ebean.config.CurrentTenantProvider;
+
 /**
  * Defines method for constructing caches for beans and queries.
  */
@@ -8,6 +10,6 @@ public interface ServerCacheFactory {
   /**
    * Create the cache for the given type with options.
    */
-  ServerCache createCache(ServerCacheType type, String cacheKey, ServerCacheOptions cacheOptions);
+  ServerCache createCache(ServerCacheType type, String cacheKey, CurrentTenantProvider tenantProvider, ServerCacheOptions cacheOptions);
 
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/cache/TenantAwareKey.java

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+package io.ebean.cache;
+
+import io.ebean.config.CurrentTenantProvider;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Tenant aware handling for caching.
+ */
+public class TenantAwareKey {
+
+  private final CurrentTenantProvider tenantProvider;
+
+  /**
+   * Construct with a tenant provider than can be null.
+   */
+  public TenantAwareKey(CurrentTenantProvider tenantProvider) {
+    this.tenantProvider = tenantProvider;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return a tenant aware key.
+   */
+  public Object key(Object key) {
+    if (tenantProvider != null) {
+      return new CacheKey(key, tenantProvider.currentId());
+    } else {
+      return key;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * We use a combined key, if this serverCache is per tenant.
+   */
+  public static final class CacheKey implements Serializable {
+
+    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+    final Object key;
+    final Object tenantId;
+
+    /**
+     * Create with optional tenantId.
+     */
+    public CacheKey(Object key, Object tenantId) {
+      this.key = key;
+      this.tenantId = tenantId;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+      int result = key.hashCode();
+      result = 92821 * result + Objects.hashCode(tenantId);
+      return result;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+      if (obj instanceof CacheKey) {
+        CacheKey that = (CacheKey) obj;
+        return Objects.equals(that.key, this.key)
+          && Objects.equals(that.tenantId, this.tenantId);
+      }
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(key.toString());
+      if (tenantId != null) {
+        sb.append(":").append(tenantId);
+      }
+      return sb.toString();
+    }
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/AbstractBeanCollection.java

@@ -47,8 +47,7 @@ abstract class AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements BeanCollection<E> {
   protected ModifyHolder<E> modifyHolder;
 
   protected ModifyListenMode modifyListenMode;
-  protected boolean modifyAddListening;
-  protected boolean modifyRemoveListening;
+
   protected boolean modifyListening;
 
   /**
@@ -148,9 +147,7 @@ abstract class AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements BeanCollection<E> {
   public void setModifyListening(ModifyListenMode mode) {
 
     this.modifyListenMode = mode;
-    this.modifyAddListening = ModifyListenMode.ALL.equals(mode);
-    this.modifyRemoveListening = modifyAddListening || ModifyListenMode.REMOVALS.equals(mode);
-    this.modifyListening = modifyRemoveListening || modifyAddListening;
+    this.modifyListening = mode != null && ModifyListenMode.NONE != mode;
     if (modifyListening) {
       // lose any existing modifications
       modifyHolder = null;
@@ -173,14 +170,14 @@ abstract class AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements BeanCollection<E> {
 
   @Override
   public void modifyAddition(E bean) {
-    if (modifyAddListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       getModifyHolder().modifyAddition(bean);
     }
   }
 
   @Override
   public void modifyRemoval(Object bean) {
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       getModifyHolder().modifyRemoval(bean);
     }
   }
@@ -216,4 +213,16 @@ abstract class AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements BeanCollection<E> {
   boolean holdsModifications() {
     return modifyHolder != null && modifyHolder.hasModifications();
   }
+  
+  /**
+   * Copies all relevant properties for a clone. See {@link #getShallowCopy()}
+   * @param other
+   */
+  protected void setFromOriginal(AbstractBeanCollection<E> other) {
+    this.disableLazyLoad = other.disableLazyLoad;
+    this.ebeanServerName = other.ebeanServerName;
+    this.loader = other.loader;
+    this.ownerBean = other.ownerBean;
+    this.propertyName = other.propertyName;
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/BeanList.java

@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
   public void add(int index, E element) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyAddListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       modifyAddition(element);
     }
     list.add(index, element);
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
   public boolean add(E o) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyAddListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       if (list.add(o)) {
         modifyAddition(o);
         return true;
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
   public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyAddListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       // all elements in c are added (no contains checking)
       getModifyHolder().modifyAdditionAll(c);
     }
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
   public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyAddListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       // all elements in c are added (no contains checking)
       getModifyHolder().modifyAdditionAll(c);
     }
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
     // TODO: when clear() and not initialised could be more clever
     // and fetch just the Id's
     initClear();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       for (E aList : list) {
         getModifyHolder().modifyRemoval(aList);
       }
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
   public E remove(int index) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       E o = list.remove(index);
       modifyRemoval(o);
       return o;
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
   public boolean remove(Object o) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       boolean isRemove = list.remove(o);
       if (isRemove) {
         modifyRemoval(o);
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
   public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> beans) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       boolean changed = false;
       for (Object bean : beans) {
         if (list.remove(bean)) {
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
   public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> retainBeans) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       boolean changed = false;
       Iterator<E> it = list.iterator();
       while (it.hasNext()) {
@@ -541,4 +541,11 @@ public final class BeanList<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements List
     }
 
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public BeanCollection<E> getShallowCopy() {
+    BeanList<E> copy = new BeanList<>(new CopyOnFirstWriteList<>(list));
+    copy.setFromOriginal(this);
+    return copy;
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/BeanMap.java

@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ public final class BeanMap<K, E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Ma
   public void clear() {
     checkReadOnly();
     initClear();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       // add all beans to the removal list
       for (E bean : map.values()) {
         modifyRemoval(bean);
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ public final class BeanMap<K, E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Ma
   public E remove(Object key) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       E o = map.remove(key);
       modifyRemoval(o);
       return o;
@@ -340,4 +340,10 @@ public final class BeanMap<K, E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Ma
     return map.values();
   }
 
+  @Override
+  public BeanCollection<E> getShallowCopy() {
+    BeanMap<K, E> copy = new BeanMap<>(new LinkedHashMap<>(map));
+    copy.setFromOriginal(this);
+    return copy;
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/BeanSet.java

@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ public final class BeanSet<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Set<E
   public boolean add(E o) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyAddListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       if (set.add(o)) {
         modifyAddition(o);
         return true;
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ public final class BeanSet<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Set<E
   public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> addCollection) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyAddListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       boolean changed = false;
       for (E bean : addCollection) {
         if (set.add(bean)) {
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ public final class BeanSet<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Set<E
   public void clear() {
     checkReadOnly();
     initClear();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       for (E bean : set) {
         modifyRemoval(bean);
       }
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ public final class BeanSet<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Set<E
   public boolean remove(Object o) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       if (set.remove(o)) {
         modifyRemoval(o);
         return true;
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ public final class BeanSet<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Set<E
   public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> beans) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       boolean changed = false;
       for (Object bean : beans) {
         if (set.remove(bean)) {
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ public final class BeanSet<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Set<E
   public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> beans) {
     checkReadOnly();
     init();
-    if (modifyRemoveListening) {
+    if (modifyListening) {
       boolean changed = false;
       Iterator<?> it = set.iterator();
       while (it.hasNext()) {
@@ -377,5 +377,11 @@ public final class BeanSet<E> extends AbstractBeanCollection<E> implements Set<E
       throw new IllegalStateException("This collection is in ReadOnly mode");
     }
   }
-
+  
+  @Override
+  public BeanCollection<E> getShallowCopy() {
+    BeanSet<E> copy = new BeanSet<>(new LinkedHashSet<>(set));
+    copy.setFromOriginal(this);
+    return copy;
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/CopyOnFirstWriteList.java

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+package io.ebean.common;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.AbstractList;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
+
+/**
+ * List that copies itself on first write access. Needed to keep memory footprint low and the ability
+ * to modify lists from cache.
+ * 
+ * @author Roland Praml, FOCONIS AG
+ */
+public final class CopyOnFirstWriteList<E> extends AbstractList<E> implements List<E>, Serializable {
+
+  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+  /**
+   * The underlying List implementation.
+   */
+  private List<E> list;
+  
+  
+  public CopyOnFirstWriteList(List<E> list) {
+    super();
+    this.list = list;
+  }
+
+  private volatile boolean copied = false;
+
+  @Override
+  public int size() {
+    return list.size();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean isEmpty() {
+    return list.isEmpty();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean contains(Object o) {
+    return list.contains(o);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public Object[] toArray() {
+    return list.toArray();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) {
+    return list.toArray(a);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean add(E e) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    return list.add(e);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean remove(Object o) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    return list.remove(o);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean containsAll(Collection<?> c) {
+    return list.containsAll(c);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    return list.addAll(c);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    return list.addAll(index, c);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean removeAll(Collection<?> c) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    return list.removeAll(c);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean retainAll(Collection<?> c) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    return list.retainAll(c);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void replaceAll(UnaryOperator<E> operator) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    list.replaceAll(operator);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean removeIf(Predicate<? super E> filter) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    return list.removeIf(filter);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void sort(Comparator<? super E> c) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    list.sort(c);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void clear() {
+    if (!copied) {
+      list = new ArrayList<>();
+      copied = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean equals(Object o) {
+    return list.equals(o);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int hashCode() {
+    return list.hashCode();
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public E get(int index) {
+    return list.get(index);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public E set(int index, E element) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    return list.set(index, element);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public void add(int index, E element) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    list.add(index, element);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public E remove(int index) {
+    checkCopyOnWrite();
+    return list.remove(index);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int indexOf(Object o) {
+    return list.indexOf(o);
+  }
+
+  @Override
+  public int lastIndexOf(Object o) {
+    return list.lastIndexOf(o);
+  }
+  
+  private void checkCopyOnWrite() {
+    if (!copied) {
+      synchronized (this) {
+        if (!copied) {
+          list = new ArrayList<>(list);
+          copied = true;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/common/ModifyHolder.java

@@ -44,21 +44,29 @@ class ModifyHolder<E> implements Serializable {
     }
   }
 
+  private boolean undoDeletion(E bean) {
+    return (bean != null) && modifyDeletions.remove(bean);
+  }
+
   void modifyAddition(E bean) {
     if (bean != null) {
       // If it is to delete then just remove the deletion
-      if (!modifyDeletions.remove(bean)) {
+      if (!undoDeletion(bean)) {
         // Insert
         modifyAdditions.add(bean);
       }
     }
   }
 
+  private boolean undoAddition(Object bean) {
+    return (bean != null) && modifyAdditions.remove(bean);
+  }
+
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   void modifyRemoval(Object bean) {
     if (bean != null) {
       // If it is to be added then just remove the addition
-      if (!modifyAdditions.remove(bean)) {
+      if (!undoAddition(bean)) {
         modifyDeletions.add((E) bean);
       }
     }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/AbstractNamingConvention.java

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
+import io.ebean.util.AnnotationUtil;
 
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import javax.persistence.DiscriminatorValue;
 import javax.persistence.Inheritance;
 import javax.persistence.Table;
-import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
 
 /**
  * Provides some base implementation for NamingConventions.
@@ -14,16 +16,15 @@ import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
  */
 public abstract class AbstractNamingConvention implements NamingConvention {
 
+  private static final Pattern TABLE_REPLACE = Pattern.compile("{table}", Pattern.LITERAL);
+
+  private static final Pattern COLUMN_REPLACE = Pattern.compile("{column}", Pattern.LITERAL);
+
   /**
    * The Constant DEFAULT_SEQ_FORMAT.
    */
   public static final String DEFAULT_SEQ_FORMAT = "{table}_seq";
 
-  /**
-   * Sequence Format that includes the Primary Key column
-   */
-  public static final String TABLE_PKCOLUMN_SEQ_FORMAT = "{table}_{column}_seq";
-
   /**
    * The catalog.
    */
@@ -83,11 +84,11 @@ public abstract class AbstractNamingConvention implements NamingConvention {
 
   @Override
   public String getSequenceName(String tableName, String pkColumn) {
-    String s = sequenceFormat.replace("{table}", tableName);
+    String s = TABLE_REPLACE.matcher(sequenceFormat).replaceAll(Matcher.quoteReplacement(tableName));
     if (pkColumn == null) {
       pkColumn = "";
     }
-    return s.replace("{column}", pkColumn);
+    return COLUMN_REPLACE.matcher(s).replaceAll(Matcher.quoteReplacement(pkColumn));
   }
 
   /**
@@ -185,45 +186,43 @@ public abstract class AbstractNamingConvention implements NamingConvention {
    */
   @Override
   public TableName getTableName(Class<?> beanClass) {
+    while (true) {
 
-    TableName tableName = getTableNameFromAnnotation(beanClass);
-    if (tableName == null) {
-      Class<?> supCls = beanClass.getSuperclass();
-      if (hasInheritance(supCls)) {
-        // get the table as per inherited class in case there
-        // is not a table annotation in the inheritance hierarchy
-        return getTableName(supCls);
+      TableName tableName = getTableNameFromAnnotation(beanClass);
+      if (tableName == null) {
+        Class<?> supCls = beanClass.getSuperclass();
+        if (hasInheritance(supCls)) {
+          // get the table as per inherited class in case there
+          // is not a table annotation in the inheritance hierarchy
+          beanClass = supCls;
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        tableName = getTableNameByConvention(beanClass);
       }
 
-      tableName = getTableNameByConvention(beanClass);
+      // Use naming convention for catalog or schema,
+      // if not set in the annotation.
+      String catalog = tableName.getCatalog();
+      if (isEmpty(catalog)) {
+        catalog = getCatalog();
+      }
+      String schema = tableName.getSchema();
+      if (isEmpty(schema)) {
+        schema = getSchema();
+      }
+      return new TableName(catalog, schema, tableName.getName());
     }
-
-    // Use naming convention for catalog or schema,
-    // if not set in the annotation.
-    String catalog = tableName.getCatalog();
-    if (isEmpty(catalog)) {
-      catalog = getCatalog();
-    }
-    String schema = tableName.getSchema();
-    if (isEmpty(schema)) {
-      schema = getSchema();
-    }
-    return new TableName(catalog, schema, tableName.getName());
   }
 
   /**
    * Return true if this class is part of entity inheritance.
    */
   protected boolean hasInheritance(Class<?> supCls) {
-    return hasAnnotation(supCls, Inheritance.class) || hasAnnotation(supCls, DiscriminatorValue.class);
+    return AnnotationUtil.findAnnotationRecursive(supCls, Inheritance.class) != null
+        || AnnotationUtil.findAnnotation(supCls, DiscriminatorValue.class) != null;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Return true if the class has the given annotation.
-   */
-  protected boolean hasAnnotation(Class<?> supCls, Class<? extends Annotation> annotation) {
-    return supCls.getAnnotation(annotation) != null;
-  }
 
   @Override
   public TableName getM2MJoinTableName(TableName lhsTable, TableName rhsTable) {
@@ -254,7 +253,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractNamingConvention implements NamingConvention {
    */
   protected TableName getTableNameFromAnnotation(Class<?> beanClass) {
 
-    final Table t = findTableAnnotation(beanClass);
+    final Table t = AnnotationUtil.findAnnotationRecursive(beanClass, Table.class);
 
     // Take the annotation if defined
     if (t != null && !isEmpty(t.name())) {
@@ -267,20 +266,6 @@ public abstract class AbstractNamingConvention implements NamingConvention {
     return null;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Search recursively for an @Table in the class hierarchy.
-   */
-  protected Table findTableAnnotation(Class<?> cls) {
-    if (cls.equals(Object.class)) {
-      return null;
-    }
-    Table table = cls.getAnnotation(Table.class);
-    if (table != null) {
-      return table;
-    }
-    return findTableAnnotation(cls.getSuperclass());
-  }
-
   /**
    * Replace back ticks (if they are used) with database platform specific
    * quoted identifiers.

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/ClassLoadConfig.java

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ public class ClassLoadConfig {
   /**
    * Wraps the preferred, caller and context class loaders.
    */
-  protected class ClassLoaderContext {
+  protected static class ClassLoaderContext {
 
     /**
      * Optional - if set only use this classLoader (no fallback).

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/CustomDbTypeMapping.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 
 /**
  * Custom mappings for DB types that override the default.

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/DbMigrationConfig.java

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
-import io.ebean.Platform;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.MigrationConfig;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.MigrationRunner;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
+import io.ebean.migration.MigrationConfig;
+import io.ebean.migration.MigrationRunner;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
 
 /**
  * Configuration for the DB migration processing.
@@ -443,7 +444,7 @@ public class DbMigrationConfig {
   /**
    * Create the MigrationRunner to run migrations if necessary.
    */
-  public MigrationRunner createRunner(ClassLoader classLoader) {
+  public MigrationRunner createRunner(ClassLoader classLoader, Properties properties) {
 
     MigrationConfig runnerConfig = new MigrationConfig();
     runnerConfig.setMetaTable(metaTable);
@@ -454,6 +455,9 @@ public class DbMigrationConfig {
     runnerConfig.setDbUsername(getDbUsername());
     runnerConfig.setDbPassword(getDbPassword());
     runnerConfig.setClassLoader(classLoader);
+    if (properties != null) {
+      runnerConfig.load(properties);
+    }
     return new MigrationRunner(runnerConfig);
   }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/DbTypeConfig.java

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package io.ebean.config;
 
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.IdType;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/MatchingNamingConvention.java

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public class MatchingNamingConvention extends AbstractNamingConvention {
 
   @Override
   public String getColumnFromProperty(Class<?> beanClass, String propertyName) {
-    return propertyName;
+    return quoteIdentifiers(propertyName);
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -47,8 +47,11 @@ public class MatchingNamingConvention extends AbstractNamingConvention {
 
   @Override
   public String getForeignKey(String prefix, String fkProperty) {
+    prefix = databasePlatform.unQuote(prefix);
+    fkProperty = databasePlatform.unQuote(fkProperty);
     // add fkProperty as init caps
-    return prefix + fkProperty.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fkProperty.substring(1);
+    String fullName = prefix + fkProperty.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fkProperty.substring(1);
+    return quoteIdentifiers(fullName);
   }
 
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/PropertyExpression.java

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ final class PropertyExpression {
       // in which properties are being set/loaded. You can use
       // GlobalProperties.evaluateExpressions() to get any unresolved
       // expressions to be evaluated
-      logger.debug("Unable to evaluate expression [" + exp + "]");
+      logger.debug("Unable to evaluate expression [{}]", exp);
       return null;
     }
   }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/PropertyMapLoader.java

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
@@ -18,6 +20,8 @@ final class PropertyMapLoader {
 
   private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PropertyMapLoader.class);
 
+  private static final Pattern OTHER_PROPS_REPLACE = Pattern.compile("\\", Pattern.LITERAL);
+
   /**
    * Load the <code>test-ebean.properties</code>.
    */
@@ -109,10 +113,10 @@ final class PropertyMapLoader {
       otherProps = p.remove("load.properties.override");
     }
     if (otherProps != null) {
-      otherProps = otherProps.replace("\\", "/");
+      otherProps = OTHER_PROPS_REPLACE.matcher(otherProps).replaceAll(Matcher.quoteReplacement("/"));
       InputStream is = findInputStream(otherProps);
       if (is != null) {
-        logger.debug("loading properties from " + otherProps);
+        logger.debug("loading properties from {}", otherProps);
         load(p, is);
       } else {
         logger.error("load.properties " + otherProps + " not found.");
@@ -135,12 +139,12 @@ final class PropertyMapLoader {
       File f = new File(fileName);
 
       if (f.exists()) {
-        logger.debug(fileName + " found in file system");
+        logger.debug("{} found in file system", fileName);
         return new FileInputStream(f);
       } else {
         InputStream in = findInClassPath(fileName);
         if (in != null) {
-          logger.debug(fileName + " found in classpath");
+          logger.debug("{} found in classpath", fileName);
         }
         return in;
       }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/ScalarTypeConverter.java

@@ -1,27 +1,24 @@
 package io.ebean.config;
 
 /**
+ * Matches the functionality of javax.persistence.AttributeConverter
+ * <p>
+ * In general AttributeConverter should be used in preference to this
+ * ScalarTypeConverter as it is JPA standard and offers the same functionality.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
+ * For Ebean we will look to deprecate this interface in preference to AttributeConverter.
+ * </p>
+ * <p>
  * Used to convert between a value object and a known scalar type. The value
  * object is the logical type used in your application and the scalar type is
  * the value used to persist than to the DB.
+ * </p>
  * <p>
  * The Value object should be immutable and scalar (aka not compound) and
  * converts to and from a known scalar type which Ebean will use to persist the
  * value.
  * </p>
- * <p>
- * This is an easier alternative to implementing the
- * io.ebean.server.type.ScalarType interface.
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * Note that Ebean will automatically try to detect Immutable Scalar Value
- * Objects and automatically support them via reflection. This however would not
- * be appropriate when the logical type is different from the type you wish to
- * use for persistence - for example, if the logical type was long and you
- * wanted to use java.sql.Timestamp for persistence. In this case you would want
- * to implement this interface rather than let Ebean automatically support that
- * type via reflection.
- * </p>
  *
  * @param <B> The value object type.
  * @param <S> The scalar object type that is used to persist the value object.

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/ServerConfig.java

@@ -2,17 +2,16 @@ package io.ebean.config;
 
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonFactory;
 import io.ebean.EbeanServerFactory;
-import io.ebean.PersistBatch;
 import io.ebean.PersistenceContextScope;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
 import io.ebean.Query;
 import io.ebean.Transaction;
 import io.ebean.annotation.Encrypted;
+import io.ebean.annotation.PersistBatch;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.cache.ServerCachePlugin;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbEncrypt;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.MigrationRunner;
 import io.ebean.event.BeanFindController;
 import io.ebean.event.BeanPersistController;
 import io.ebean.event.BeanPersistListener;
@@ -27,10 +26,13 @@ import io.ebean.event.changelog.ChangeLogRegister;
 import io.ebean.event.readaudit.ReadAuditLogger;
 import io.ebean.event.readaudit.ReadAuditPrepare;
 import io.ebean.meta.MetaInfoManager;
+import io.ebean.migration.MigrationRunner;
+import io.ebean.util.StringHelper;
 import org.avaje.datasource.DataSourceConfig;
 
 import javax.sql.DataSource;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -80,12 +82,6 @@ public class ServerConfig {
    */
   private String name = "db";
 
-  /**
-   * When false (default) H2 automatically uses DDL generate and run
-   * (i.e. assumes we are running tests using in memory h2).
-   */
-  private boolean h2ProductionMode;
-
   /**
    * Typically configuration type objects that are passed by this ServerConfig
    * to plugins. For example - IgniteConfiguration passed to Ignite plugin.
@@ -129,6 +125,8 @@ public class ServerConfig {
 
   private TenantSchemaProvider tenantSchemaProvider;
 
+  private TenantCatalogProvider tenantCatalogProvider;
+
   /**
    * List of interesting classes such as entities, embedded, ScalarTypes,
    * Listeners, Finders, Controllers etc.
@@ -317,6 +315,8 @@ public class ServerConfig {
    */
   private String databaseBooleanFalse;
 
+  private boolean allQuotedIdentifiers;
+
   /**
    * The naming convention.
    */
@@ -438,6 +438,16 @@ public class ServerConfig {
    */
   private boolean disableL2Cache;
 
+  /**
+   * The time in millis used to determine when a query is alerted for being slow.
+   */
+  private long slowQueryMillis;
+
+  /**
+   * The listener for processing slow query events.
+   */
+  private SlowQueryListener slowQueryListener;
+
   /**
    * Construct a Server Configuration for programmatically creating an EbeanServer.
    */
@@ -445,6 +455,34 @@ public class ServerConfig {
 
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return the slow query time in millis.
+   */
+  public long getSlowQueryMillis() {
+    return slowQueryMillis;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set the slow query time in millis.
+   */
+  public void setSlowQueryMillis(long slowQueryMillis) {
+    this.slowQueryMillis = slowQueryMillis;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the slow query event listener.
+   */
+  public SlowQueryListener getSlowQueryListener() {
+    return slowQueryListener;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set the slow query event listener.
+   */
+  public void setSlowQueryListener(SlowQueryListener slowQueryListener) {
+    this.slowQueryListener = slowQueryListener;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Put a service object into configuration such that it can be passed to a plugin.
    * <p>
@@ -525,27 +563,6 @@ public class ServerConfig {
     this.name = name;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Return true if H2 should be used in production mode.
-   * <p>
-   * Otherwise it is assumed we are using H2 for testing and DDL generate and run is turned on.
-   * </p>
-   */
-  public boolean isH2ProductionMode() {
-    return h2ProductionMode;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set to true for H2 to be used in production mode.
-   * <p>
-   * Do this when we want to use H2 and not have the DDL generation and run automatically turned on.
-   * Otherwise it is assumed we are using H2 for testing purposes.
-   * </p>
-   */
-  public void setH2ProductionMode(boolean h2ProductionMode) {
-    this.h2ProductionMode = h2ProductionMode;
-  }
-
   /**
    * Return the container / clustering configuration.
    * <p/>
@@ -696,6 +713,20 @@ public class ServerConfig {
     this.tenantSchemaProvider = tenantSchemaProvider;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return the tenancy catalog provider.
+   */
+  public TenantCatalogProvider getTenantCatalogProvider() {
+    return tenantCatalogProvider;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set the tenancy catalog provider.
+   */
+  public void setTenantCatalogProvider(TenantCatalogProvider tenantCatalogProvider) {
+    this.tenantCatalogProvider = tenantCatalogProvider;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return the PersistBatch mode to use by default at the transaction level.
    * <p>
@@ -1285,6 +1316,24 @@ public class ServerConfig {
     this.namingConvention = namingConvention;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Return true if all DB column and table names should use quoted identifiers.
+   */
+  public boolean isAllQuotedIdentifiers() {
+    return allQuotedIdentifiers;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Set to true if all DB column and table names should use quoted identifiers.
+   */
+  public void setAllQuotedIdentifiers(boolean allQuotedIdentifiers) {
+    this.allQuotedIdentifiers = allQuotedIdentifiers;
+    if (allQuotedIdentifiers && namingConvention instanceof UnderscoreNamingConvention) {
+      // we need to use matching naming convention
+      this.namingConvention = new MatchingNamingConvention();
+    }
+  }
+
   /**
    * Return true if this EbeanServer is a Document store only instance (has no JDBC DB).
    */
@@ -1551,11 +1600,6 @@ public class ServerConfig {
    */
   public void setDatabasePlatform(DatabasePlatform databasePlatform) {
     this.databasePlatform = databasePlatform;
-    if (!h2ProductionMode && databasePlatform != null && databasePlatform.isPlatform(Platform.H2)) {
-      // we are using H2 to run tests so turn on DDL generation and run
-      this.ddlGenerate = true;
-      this.ddlRun = true;
-    }
   }
 
   /**
@@ -2488,6 +2532,11 @@ public class ServerConfig {
 
     migrationConfig.loadSettings(p, name);
 
+    boolean quotedIdentifiers = p.getBoolean("allQuotedIdentifiers", allQuotedIdentifiers);
+    if (quotedIdentifiers != allQuotedIdentifiers) {
+      // potentially also set to use matching naming convention
+      setAllQuotedIdentifiers(quotedIdentifiers);
+    }
     namingConvention = createNamingConvention(p, namingConvention);
     if (namingConvention != null) {
       namingConvention.loadFromProperties(p);
@@ -2512,6 +2561,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
       dbTypeConfig.setGeometrySRID(srid);
     }
 
+    slowQueryMillis = p.getLong("slowQueryMillis", slowQueryMillis);
     docStoreOnly = p.getBoolean("docStoreOnly", docStoreOnly);
     disableL2Cache = p.getBoolean("disableL2Cache", disableL2Cache);
     explicitTransactionBeginMode = p.getBoolean("explicitTransactionBeginMode", explicitTransactionBeginMode);
@@ -2594,7 +2644,6 @@ public class ServerConfig {
       jsonDateTime = JsonConfig.DateTime.MILLIS;
     }
 
-    h2ProductionMode = p.getBoolean("h2ProductionMode", h2ProductionMode);
     ddlGenerate = p.getBoolean("ddl.generate", ddlGenerate);
     ddlRun = p.getBoolean("ddl.run", ddlRun);
     ddlCreateOnly = p.getBoolean("ddl.createOnly", ddlCreateOnly);
@@ -2625,10 +2674,9 @@ public class ServerConfig {
 
     List<Class<?>> classes = new ArrayList<>();
 
-    String[] split = classNames.split("[ ,;]");
-    for (String aSplit : split) {
-      String cn = aSplit.trim();
-      if (!cn.isEmpty() && !"class".equalsIgnoreCase(cn)) {
+    String[] split = StringHelper.splitNames(classNames);
+    for (String cn : split) {
+      if (!"class".equalsIgnoreCase(cn)) {
         try {
           classes.add(Class.forName(cn));
         } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
@@ -2642,16 +2690,16 @@ public class ServerConfig {
 
   private List<String> getSearchJarsPackages(String searchPackages) {
 
-    List<String> hitList = new ArrayList<>();
-
     if (searchPackages != null) {
+      String[] entries = StringHelper.splitNames(searchPackages);
 
-      String[] entries = searchPackages.split("[ ,;]");
-      for (String entry : entries) {
-        hitList.add(entry.trim());
-      }
+      List<String> hitList = new ArrayList<>(entries.length);
+      Collections.addAll(hitList, entries);
+
+      return hitList;
+    } else {
+      return new ArrayList<>();
     }
-    return hitList;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -2739,7 +2787,7 @@ public class ServerConfig {
    */
   public DataSource runDbMigration(DataSource dataSource) {
     if (migrationConfig.isRunMigration()) {
-      MigrationRunner runner = migrationConfig.createRunner(getClassLoadConfig().getClassLoader());
+      MigrationRunner runner = migrationConfig.createRunner(getClassLoadConfig().getClassLoader(), properties);
       runner.run(dataSource);
     }
     return dataSource;

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/SlowQueryEvent.java

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+package io.ebean.config;
+
+import io.ebean.bean.ObjectGraphNode;
+
+/**
+ * Slow query event.
+ */
+public class SlowQueryEvent {
+
+  private final String sql;
+
+  private final long timeMillis;
+
+  private final int rowCount;
+
+  private final ObjectGraphNode originNode;
+
+  /**
+   * Construct with the SQL and execution time in millis.
+   */
+  public SlowQueryEvent(String sql, long timeMillis, int rowCount, ObjectGraphNode originNode) {
+    this.sql = sql;
+    this.timeMillis = timeMillis;
+    this.rowCount = rowCount;
+    this.originNode = originNode;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the SQL for the slow query.
+   */
+  public String getSql() {
+    return sql;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the execution time in millis.
+   */
+  public long getTimeMillis() {
+    return timeMillis;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the total row count associated with the query.
+   */
+  public int getRowCount() {
+    return rowCount;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the origin point for the root query.
+   * <p>
+   * Typically the <code>originNode.getOriginQueryPoint().getFirstStackElement()</code> provides the stack line that
+   * shows the code that invoked the query.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  public ObjectGraphNode getOriginNode() {
+    return originNode;
+  }
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/SlowQueryListener.java

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package io.ebean.config;
+
+/**
+ * Listener for slow query events.
+ */
+@FunctionalInterface
+public interface SlowQueryListener {
+
+  /**
+   * Process a slow query event.
+   */
+  void process(SlowQueryEvent event);
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/TenantCatalogProvider.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package io.ebean.config;
+
+/**
+ * For multi-tenancy via DB CATALOG supply the catalog given the tenantId.
+ */
+@FunctionalInterface
+public interface TenantCatalogProvider {
+
+  /**
+   * Return the DB catalog for the given tenantId.
+   *
+   * @param tenantId The current tenant id.
+   * @return The DB catalog to use for the given tenant
+   */
+  String catalog(Object tenantId);
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/TenantMode.java

@@ -20,6 +20,11 @@ public enum TenantMode {
    */
   SCHEMA(true),
 
+  /**
+   * Each Tenant has their own Database but with in connection pool
+   */
+  CATALOG(true),
+
   /**
    * Tenants share tables but have a discriminator/partition column that partitions the data.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DatabasePlatform.java

@@ -2,13 +2,10 @@ package io.ebean.config.dbplatform;
 
 import io.ebean.BackgroundExecutor;
 import io.ebean.Query;
+import io.ebean.annotation.PersistBatch;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.CustomDbTypeMapping;
 import io.ebean.config.DbTypeConfig;
-import io.ebean.PersistBatch;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
-import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.DdlHandler;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform.PlatformDdl;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
@@ -64,6 +61,11 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
    */
   protected String closeQuote = "\"";
 
+  /**
+   * When set to true all db column names and table names use quoted identifiers.
+   */
+  protected boolean allQuotedIdentifiers;
+
   /**
    * For limit/offset, row_number etc limiting of SQL queries.
    */
@@ -157,8 +159,6 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
    */
   protected PersistBatch persistBatchOnCascade = PersistBatch.ALL;
 
-  protected PlatformDdl platformDdl;
-
   /**
    * The maximum length of table names - used specifically when derived
    * default table names for intersection tables.
@@ -175,6 +175,8 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
 
   protected SqlExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator = new SqlCodeTranslator();
 
+  protected char[] specialLikeCharacters = { '%', '_', '\\' };
+
   /**
    * Instantiates a new database platform.
    */
@@ -191,7 +193,8 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
   /**
    * Configure UUID Storage etc based on ServerConfig settings.
    */
-  public void configure(DbTypeConfig config) {
+  public void configure(DbTypeConfig config, boolean allQuotedIdentifiers) {
+    this.allQuotedIdentifiers = allQuotedIdentifiers;
     addGeoTypes(config.getGeometrySRID());
     configureIdType(config.getIdType());
     dbTypeMap.config(nativeUuidType, config.getDbUuid());
@@ -268,20 +271,6 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
     return maxConstraintNameLength;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Return the platform specific DDL.
-   */
-  public PlatformDdl getPlatformDdl() {
-    return platformDdl;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create and return a DDL handler for generating DDL scripts.
-   */
-  public DdlHandler createDdlHandler(ServerConfig serverConfig) {
-    return platformDdl.createDdlHandler(serverConfig);
-  }
-
   /**
    * Return true if the JDBC driver does not allow additional queries to execute
    * when a resultSet is being 'streamed' as is the case with findEach() etc.
@@ -533,24 +522,33 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
    * naming rules.
    * </p>
    *
-   * @param dbName the db name
-   * @return the string
+   * @param dbName the db table or column name
+   * @return the db table or column name with potentially platform specific quoted identifiers
    */
   public String convertQuotedIdentifiers(String dbName) {
     // Ignore null values e.g. schema name or catalog
     if (dbName != null && !dbName.isEmpty()) {
       if (dbName.charAt(0) == BACK_TICK) {
         if (dbName.charAt(dbName.length() - 1) == BACK_TICK) {
-
-          String quotedName = getOpenQuote();
-          quotedName += dbName.substring(1, dbName.length() - 1);
-          quotedName += getCloseQuote();
-
-          return quotedName;
-
+          return openQuote + dbName.substring(1, dbName.length() - 1) + closeQuote;
         } else {
           logger.error("Missing backquote on [" + dbName + "]");
         }
+      } else if (allQuotedIdentifiers) {
+        return openQuote + dbName + closeQuote;
+      }
+    }
+    return dbName;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Remove quoted identifier quotes from the table or column name if present.
+   */
+  public String unQuote(String dbName) {
+    if (dbName != null && !dbName.isEmpty()) {
+      if (dbName.startsWith(openQuote)) {
+        // trim off the open and close quotes
+        return dbName.substring(1, dbName.length()-1);
       }
     }
     return dbName;
@@ -617,4 +615,37 @@ public class DatabasePlatform {
       logger.error("Error closing resultSet", e);
     }
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Escapes the like string for this DB-Platform
+   */
+  public String escapeLikeString(String value) {
+    StringBuilder sb = null;
+    for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
+      char ch = value.charAt(i);
+      boolean escaped = false;
+      for (char escapeChar: specialLikeCharacters) {
+        if (ch == escapeChar) {
+          if (sb == null) {
+            sb = new StringBuilder(value.substring(0, i));
+          }
+          escapeLikeCharacter(escapeChar, sb);
+          escaped = true;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if (!escaped && sb != null) {
+        sb.append(ch);
+      }
+    }
+    if (sb == null) {
+      return value;
+    } else {
+      return sb.toString();
+    }
+  }
+
+  protected void escapeLikeCharacter(char ch, StringBuilder sb) {
+    sb.append('\\').append(ch);
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbDefaultValue.java

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform;
 
+import java.sql.Types;
 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 
+import javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter;
+
+import io.ebean.annotation.DbDefault;
+
 /**
  * DB Column default values mapping to database platform specific literals.
  */
@@ -22,6 +27,13 @@ public class DbDefaultValue {
    * The key for the NOW / current timestamp.
    */
   public static final String NOW = "now";
+  
+  /**
+   * The 'null' literal.
+   */
+  public static final String NULL = "null";
+  
+
 
   protected Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
 
@@ -63,8 +75,128 @@ public class DbDefaultValue {
     if (dbDefaultLiteral == null) {
       return null;
     }
+    if (dbDefaultLiteral.startsWith("$RAW:")) {
+      return dbDefaultLiteral.substring(5);
+    }
     String val = map.get(dbDefaultLiteral);
     return val != null ? val : dbDefaultLiteral;
   }
 
+  
+  /**
+   * This method checks & convert the {@link DbDefault#value()} to a valid SQL literal.
+   * 
+   * This is mainly to quote string literals and verify integer/dates for correctness.
+   * <p>
+   * Note: There are some special cases:
+   * </p>
+   * <ul>
+   *    <li>Normal Quoting: <code>@DbDefault("User's default")</code> on a String propery
+   *        returns: <code>default 'User''s default'</code><br/>
+   *        (the same on an integer property will throw a NumberFormatException)</li>
+   *    <li>Special case null: <code>@DbDefault("null")</code> will return this: <code>default null</code><br/>
+   *        If you need really the String "null", you have to specify <code>@DbDefault("'null'")</code>
+   *        which gives you the <code>default 'null'</code> statement.</li>
+   *    <li>Any statement, that begins and ends with single quote will not be checked or get quoted again.</li>
+   *    <li>A statement that begins with "$RAW:", e.g <code>@DbDefault("$RAW:N'SANDNES'")</code> will lead to 
+   *        a <code>default N'SANDNES'</code> in DDL. Note that this is platform specific!</li>
+   * </ul>
+   */
+  public static String toSqlLiteral(String defaultValue, Class<?> propertyType, int sqlType) {
+    if (propertyType == null
+        || defaultValue == null 
+        || NULL.equals(defaultValue)
+        || (defaultValue.startsWith("'") && defaultValue.endsWith("'"))
+        || (defaultValue.startsWith("$RAW:"))) {  
+      return defaultValue;
+    }
+
+    if (Boolean.class.isAssignableFrom(propertyType) || Boolean.TYPE.isAssignableFrom(propertyType)) {
+      return toBooleanLiteral(defaultValue);
+    }
+    
+    if (Number.class.isAssignableFrom(propertyType) 
+        || Byte.TYPE.equals(propertyType)
+        || Short.TYPE.equals(propertyType)
+        || Integer.TYPE.equals(propertyType)
+        || Long.TYPE.equals(propertyType)
+        || Float.TYPE.equals(propertyType)
+        || Double.TYPE.equals(propertyType)
+        || (propertyType.isEnum() && sqlType == Types.INTEGER)) {
+      Double.valueOf(defaultValue); // verify if it is a number
+      return defaultValue;
+    }
+   
+    // check if it is a date/time - in all other cases return quoted defaultValue
+    switch (sqlType) {
+      // date
+      case Types.DATE:
+        return toDateLiteral(defaultValue);
+      // time
+      case Types.TIME:
+      case Types.TIME_WITH_TIMEZONE:
+        return toTimeLiteral(defaultValue);
+      // timestamp
+      case Types.TIMESTAMP:
+      case Types.TIMESTAMP_WITH_TIMEZONE:
+        return toDateTimeLiteral(defaultValue);
+
+      default:
+        return toTextLiteral(defaultValue); // do not check other datatypes
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Checks if specified value is either 'true' or 'false'. The literal is translated later.
+   */
+  private static String toBooleanLiteral(String value) {
+    if (DbDefaultValue.FALSE.equals(value) || DbDefaultValue.TRUE.equals(value)) {
+      return value;
+    }
+    throw new IllegalArgumentException("'" + value + "' is not a valid value for boolean");
+  }
+  
+  /**
+   * This adds single qoutes around the <code>value</code> and doubles single quotes.
+   * "User's home" will return "'User''s home'"
+   */
+  private static String toTextLiteral(String value) {
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(value.length()+10);
+    sb.append('\'');
+    for (int i = 0; i < value.length(); i++) {
+      char ch = value.charAt(i);
+      if (ch == '\'') {
+        sb.append("''");
+      } else {
+        sb.append(ch);
+      }
+    }
+    sb.append('\'');
+    return sb.toString();
+
+  }
+  
+  private static String toDateLiteral(String value) {
+    if (NOW.equals(value)) {
+      return value; // this will get translated later
+    }
+    DatatypeConverter.parseDate(value); // verify
+    return toTextLiteral(value);
+  }
+
+  private static String toTimeLiteral(String value) {
+    if (NOW.equals(value)) {
+      return value; // this will get translated later
+    }
+    DatatypeConverter.parseTime(value); // verify
+    return toTextLiteral(value);
+  }
+  
+  private static String toDateTimeLiteral(String value) {
+    if (NOW.equals(value)) {
+      return value; // this will get translated later
+    }
+    DatatypeConverter.parseDateTime(value); // verify
+    return toTextLiteral(value);
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbIdentity.java

@@ -1,12 +1,15 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform;
 
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.migration.IdentityType;
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 /**
  * Defines the identity/sequence behaviour for the database.
  */
 public class DbIdentity {
 
+  private static final Pattern TABLE_REPLACE = Pattern.compile("{table}", Pattern.LITERAL);
+
   /**
    * Set if this DB supports sequences. Note some DB's support both Sequences
    * and Identity.
@@ -50,7 +53,8 @@ public class DbIdentity {
     if (selectLastInsertedIdTemplate == null) {
       return null;
     }
-    return selectLastInsertedIdTemplate.replace("{table}", table);
+
+    return TABLE_REPLACE.matcher(selectLastInsertedIdTemplate).replaceAll(Matcher.quoteReplacement(table));
   }
 
   /**
@@ -116,28 +120,4 @@ public class DbIdentity {
     this.idType = idType;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Determine the id type to use based on requested identityType and
-   * the support for that in the database platform.
-   */
-  public IdType useIdentityType(IdentityType identityType) {
-
-    if (identityType == null) {
-      // use the default
-      return idType;
-    }
-    switch (identityType) {
-      case GENERATOR:
-        return IdType.GENERATOR;
-      case EXTERNAL:
-        return IdType.EXTERNAL;
-      case SEQUENCE:
-        return supportsSequence ? IdType.SEQUENCE : idType;
-      case IDENTITY:
-        return supportsIdentity ? IdType.IDENTITY : idType;
-      default:
-        return idType;
-    }
-
-  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbPlatformType.java

@@ -130,7 +130,9 @@ public class DbPlatformType implements ExtraDbTypes {
     if (canHaveLength || !strict) {
       // see if there is a precision/scale to add (or not)
       int len = deployLength != 0 ? deployLength : defaultLength;
-      if (len > 0) {
+      if (len == Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
+        sb.append("(max)"); // TODO: this is sqlserver specific
+      } else if (len > 0) {
         sb.append("(");
         sb.append(len);
         int scale = deployScale != 0 ? deployScale : defaultScale;

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/DbPlatformTypeParser.java

@@ -30,7 +30,8 @@ class DbPlatformTypeParser {
 
       } else {
         String type = columnDefinition.substring(0, openPos);
-        int scale = Integer.parseInt(columnDefinition.substring(openPos + 1, closePos));
+        String strScale = columnDefinition.substring(openPos + 1, closePos);
+        int scale = strScale.equalsIgnoreCase("max") ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : Integer.parseInt(strScale);
         return new DbPlatformType(type, scale);
       }
     } catch (RuntimeException e) {

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/SequenceIdGenerator.java

@@ -162,9 +162,7 @@ public abstract class SequenceIdGenerator implements PlatformIdGenerator {
     }
 
     synchronized (monitor) {
-      for (Long newId : newIds) {
-        idList.add(newId);
-      }
+      idList.addAll(newIds);
     }
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/db2/DB2Platform.java

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform.db2;
 
 import io.ebean.BackgroundExecutor;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.PersistBatch;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbPlatformType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.PlatformIdGenerator;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.SqlErrorCodes;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform.DB2Ddl;
 
 import javax.sql.DataSource;
 import java.sql.Types;
@@ -23,24 +23,36 @@ public class DB2Platform extends DatabasePlatform {
     this.maxTableNameLength = 18;
     this.maxConstraintNameLength = 18;
     this.sqlLimiter = new Db2SqlLimiter();
-    this.platformDdl = new DB2Ddl(this);
 
     this.dbIdentity.setSupportsGetGeneratedKeys(true);
     this.dbIdentity.setSupportsSequence(true);
-
+    
+    this.likeClause = "like ? escape '|'";
+    this.specialLikeCharacters = new char[] { '%', '_', '|' };
+    
     this.exceptionTranslator =
       new SqlErrorCodes()
-        //.addAcquireLock("")
-        .addDuplicateKey("-803")
-        .addDataIntegrity("-407","-530","-531","-532","-543","-544","-545","-603","-667")
+        .addAcquireLock("40001","57033") // key -911/-913
+        .addDuplicateKey("23505") // -803
+        // .addDataIntegrity("-407","-530","-531","-532","-543","-544","-545","-603","-667")
+        // we need SQLState, not code: https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/SSEPEK_10.0.0/codes/src/tpc/db2z_n.html
+        .addDataIntegrity("23502","23503","23504","23511","23512","23511","42917","23515")
         .build();
 
     booleanDbType = Types.BOOLEAN;
+    dbTypeMap.put(DbType.TINYINT, new DbPlatformType("smallint", false));
+    dbTypeMap.put(DbType.INTEGER, new DbPlatformType("integer", false));
+    dbTypeMap.put(DbType.BIGINT, new DbPlatformType("bigint", false));
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.REAL, new DbPlatformType("real"));
-    dbTypeMap.put(DbType.TINYINT, new DbPlatformType("smallint"));
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.DECIMAL, new DbPlatformType("decimal", 15));
+
+    persistBatchOnCascade = PersistBatch.NONE;
   }
 
+  @Override
+  protected void escapeLikeCharacter(char ch, StringBuilder sb) {
+    sb.append('|').append(ch);
+  }
   /**
    * Return a DB2 specific sequence IdGenerator that supports batch fetching
    * sequence values.

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/h2/H2HistoryTrigger.java

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public class H2HistoryTrigger implements Trigger {
 
     // build the insert into history table SQL
     StringBuilder insertSql = new StringBuilder(150);
-    insertSql.append("insert into ").append(tableName).append(HISTORY_SUFFIX).append(" (");
+    insertSql.append("insert into ").append(schemaName).append(".").append(tableName).append(HISTORY_SUFFIX).append(" (");
 
     int count = 0;
     while (rs.next()) {

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/h2/H2Platform.java

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform.h2;
 
 import io.ebean.BackgroundExecutor;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
 import io.ebean.Query;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbPlatformType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.IdType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.PlatformIdGenerator;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.SqlErrorCodes;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform.H2Ddl;
 
 import javax.sql.DataSource;
 
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@ public class H2Platform extends DatabasePlatform {
     super();
     this.platform = Platform.H2;
     this.dbEncrypt = new H2DbEncrypt();
-    this.platformDdl = new H2Ddl(this);
     this.historySupport = new H2HistorySupport();
     this.nativeUuidType = true;
     this.dbDefaultValue.setNow("now()");
@@ -30,7 +28,7 @@ public class H2Platform extends DatabasePlatform {
 
     this.exceptionTranslator =
       new SqlErrorCodes()
-        .addAcquireLock("50200")
+        .addAcquireLock("50200","HYT00")
         .addDuplicateKey("23001","23505")
         .addDataIntegrity("22001","22003","22012","22018","22025","23000","23002","23003","23502","23503","23506","23507","23513")
         .build();
@@ -40,10 +38,6 @@ public class H2Platform extends DatabasePlatform {
     this.dbIdentity.setSupportsSequence(true);
     this.dbIdentity.setSupportsIdentity(true);
 
-    // like ? escape'' not working in the latest version H2 so just using no
-    // escape clause for now noting that backslash is an escape char for like in H2
-    this.likeClause = "like ?";
-
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.UUID, new DbPlatformType("uuid", false));
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/hsqldb/HsqldbPlatform.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform.hsqldb;
 
 import io.ebean.BackgroundExecutor;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbPlatformType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.IdType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.PlatformIdGenerator;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.h2.H2DbEncrypt;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.h2.H2SequenceIdGenerator;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform.HsqldbDdl;
 
 import javax.sql.DataSource;
 
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@ public class HsqldbPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     super();
     this.platform = Platform.HSQLDB;
     this.dbEncrypt = new H2DbEncrypt();
-    this.platformDdl = new HsqldbDdl(this);
 
     this.dbIdentity.setIdType(IdType.IDENTITY);
     this.dbIdentity.setSupportsGetGeneratedKeys(true);

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/mysql/MySqlPlatform.java

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform.mysql;
 
 import io.ebean.BackgroundExecutor;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
 import io.ebean.Query;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbPlatformType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.IdType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.PlatformIdGenerator;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.SqlErrorCodes;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform.MySqlDdl;
 
 import javax.sql.DataSource;
 import java.sql.Types;
@@ -30,10 +29,8 @@ public class MySqlPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     super();
     this.platform = Platform.MYSQL;
     this.useExtraTransactionOnIterateSecondaryQueries = true;
-    this.likeClause = "like ? escape''";
     this.selectCountWithAlias = true;
     this.dbEncrypt = new MySqlDbEncrypt();
-    this.platformDdl = new MySqlDdl(this);
     this.historySupport = new MySqlHistorySupport();
     this.columnAliasPrefix = null;
 
@@ -46,11 +43,14 @@ public class MySqlPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
       new SqlErrorCodes()
         .addAcquireLock("1205")
         .addDuplicateKey("1062")
-        .addDataIntegrity("630","839","840","893","1169","1215","1216","1217","1364","1451","1452","1557")
+        .addDataIntegrity("630","839","840","893","1169","1215","1216","1217","1364","1451","1452","1557","23000")
         .build();
 
     this.openQuote = "`";
     this.closeQuote = "`";
+    // use pipe for escaping as it depends if mysql runs in no_backslash_escapes or not.
+    this.likeClause = "like binary ? escape '|'";
+    this.specialLikeCharacters = new char[] { '%', '_', '|' };
 
     this.forwardOnlyHintOnFindIterate = true;
     this.booleanDbType = Types.BIT;
@@ -79,4 +79,9 @@ public class MySqlPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     // NOWAIT and SKIP LOCKED currently not supported with MySQL
     return sql + " for update";
   }
+  
+  @Override
+  protected void escapeLikeCharacter(char ch, StringBuilder sb) {
+    sb.append('|').append(ch);
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/oracle/OraclePlatform.java

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform.oracle;
 
 import io.ebean.BackgroundExecutor;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
 import io.ebean.Query;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.BasicSqlAnsiLimiter;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbPlatformType;
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.IdType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.PlatformIdGenerator;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.RownumSqlLimiter;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform.Oracle10Ddl;
 
 import javax.sql.DataSource;
 import java.sql.Types;
@@ -28,7 +27,6 @@ public class OraclePlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     this.dbEncrypt = new OracleDbEncrypt();
     this.sqlLimiter = new RownumSqlLimiter();
     this.basicSqlLimiter = new BasicSqlAnsiLimiter();
-    this.platformDdl = new Oracle10Ddl(this);
     this.historySupport = new OracleDbHistorySupport();
 
     // Not using getGeneratedKeys as instead we will
@@ -39,6 +37,9 @@ public class OraclePlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
 
     this.treatEmptyStringsAsNull = true;
 
+    this.likeClause = "like ? escape '|'";
+    this.specialLikeCharacters = new char[] { '%', '_', '|' };
+    
     this.openQuote = "\"";
     this.closeQuote = "\"";
 
@@ -80,4 +81,9 @@ public class OraclePlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
         return sql + " for update";
     }
   }
+  
+  @Override
+  protected void escapeLikeCharacter(char ch, StringBuilder sb) {
+    sb.append('|').append(ch);
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/postgres/PostgresPlatform.java

@@ -1,17 +1,14 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform.postgres;
 
 import io.ebean.BackgroundExecutor;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
 import io.ebean.Query;
-import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbPlatformType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.IdType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.PlatformIdGenerator;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.SqlErrorCodes;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.DdlHandler;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform.PostgresDdl;
 
 import javax.sql.DataSource;
 import java.sql.Types;
@@ -28,7 +25,6 @@ public class PostgresPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     super();
     this.platform = Platform.POSTGRES;
     this.supportsNativeIlike = true;
-    this.likeClause = "like ? escape''";
     this.selectCountWithAlias = true;
     this.blobDbType = Types.LONGVARBINARY;
     this.clobDbType = Types.VARCHAR;
@@ -37,7 +33,6 @@ public class PostgresPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
 
     this.dbEncrypt = new PostgresDbEncrypt();
     this.historySupport = new PostgresHistorySupport();
-    this.platformDdl = new PostgresDdl(this);
 
     // Use Identity and getGeneratedKeys
     this.dbIdentity.setIdType(IdType.IDENTITY);
@@ -91,14 +86,6 @@ public class PostgresPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     return new DbPlatformType("geometry(" + type + "," + srid + ")");
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Return a DdlHandler instance for generating DDL for the specific platform.
-   */
-  @Override
-  public DdlHandler createDdlHandler(ServerConfig serverConfig) {
-    return this.platformDdl.createDdlHandler(serverConfig);
-  }
-
   /**
    * Create a Postgres specific sequence IdGenerator.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/sqlanywhere/SqlAnywherePlatform.java

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform.sqlanywhere;
 
-import io.ebean.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbPlatformType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/sqlite/SQLitePlatform.java

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform.sqlite;
 
-import io.ebean.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbPlatformType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.IdType;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform.SQLiteDdl;
 
 import java.sql.Types;
 
@@ -14,8 +13,6 @@ public class SQLitePlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
   public SQLitePlatform() {
     super();
     this.platform = Platform.SQLITE;
-    this.platformDdl = new SQLiteDdl(this);
-
     this.dbIdentity.setIdType(IdType.IDENTITY);
     this.dbIdentity.setSupportsGetGeneratedKeys(false);
     this.dbIdentity.setSupportsSequence(false);

src/main/java/io/ebean/config/dbplatform/sqlserver/SqlServerPlatform.java

@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 package io.ebean.config.dbplatform.sqlserver;
 
-import io.ebean.PersistBatch;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.PersistBatch;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbPlatformType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DbType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.IdType;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.SqlErrorCodes;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform.SqlServerDdl;
 
 import java.sql.Types;
 
@@ -26,7 +25,6 @@ public class SqlServerPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     this.selectCountWithAlias = true;
     this.sqlLimiter = new SqlServerSqlLimiter();
     this.basicSqlLimiter = new SqlServerBasicSqlLimiter();
-    this.platformDdl = new SqlServerDdl(this);
     this.historySupport = new SqlServerHistorySupport();
     this.dbIdentity.setIdType(IdType.IDENTITY);
     this.dbIdentity.setSupportsGetGeneratedKeys(true);
@@ -35,12 +33,14 @@ public class SqlServerPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     this.exceptionTranslator =
       new SqlErrorCodes()
         .addAcquireLock("1222")
-        .addDuplicateKey("2601","2627")
-        .addDataIntegrity("544","8114","8115")
+        .addDuplicateKey("2601", "2627")
+        .addDataIntegrity("544", "8114", "8115")
         .build();
 
     this.openQuote = "[";
     this.closeQuote = "]";
+    this.specialLikeCharacters = new char[]{'%', '_', '['};
+    this.likeClause = "like ? COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN";
 
     booleanDbType = Types.INTEGER;
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.BOOLEAN, new DbPlatformType("bit default 0"));
@@ -61,6 +61,13 @@ public class SqlServerPlatform extends DatabasePlatform {
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.TIME, new DbPlatformType("time"));
     dbTypeMap.put(DbType.TIMESTAMP, new DbPlatformType("datetime2"));
 
+    dbTypeMap.put(DbType.JSON, new DbPlatformType("nvarchar", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+    dbTypeMap.put(DbType.JSONB, new DbPlatformType("nvarchar", Integer.MAX_VALUE));
+
   }
 
+  @Override
+  protected void escapeLikeCharacter(char ch, StringBuilder sb) {
+    sb.append('[').append(ch).append(']');
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/dbmigration/DbMigration.java

@@ -1,103 +1,52 @@
 package io.ebean.dbmigration;
 
-import io.ebean.Ebean;
 import io.ebean.EbeanServer;
-import io.ebean.config.DbConstraintNaming;
-import io.ebean.config.DbMigrationConfig;
-import io.ebean.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
-import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.db2.DB2Platform;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
-import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.h2.H2Platform;
-import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.sqlserver.SqlServerPlatform;
-import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.mysql.MySqlPlatform;
-import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.oracle.OraclePlatform;
-import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.postgres.PostgresPlatform;
-import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.sqlite.SQLitePlatform;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.DdlWrite;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.migration.Migration;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.migrationreader.MigrationXmlWriter;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.model.CurrentModel;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.model.MConfiguration;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.model.MigrationModel;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.model.MigrationVersion;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.model.ModelContainer;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.model.ModelDiff;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.model.PlatformDdlWriter;
-import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiEbeanServer;
-import io.ebeaninternal.extraddl.model.DdlScript;
-import io.ebeaninternal.extraddl.model.ExtraDdl;
-import io.ebeaninternal.extraddl.model.ExtraDdlXmlReader;
-import org.slf4j.Logger;
-import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
-import java.io.File;
-import java.io.FileWriter;
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.ServiceLoader;
 
 /**
- * Generates DB Migration xml and sql scripts.
+ * Generates DDL migration scripts based on changes to the current model.
+ *
  * <p>
- * Reads the prior migrations and compares with the current model of the EbeanServer
- * and generates a migration 'diff' in the form of xml document with the logical schema
- * changes and a series of sql scripts to apply, rollback the applied changes if necessary
- * and drop objects (drop tables, drop columns).
- * </p>
- * <p>
- * This does not run the migration or ddl scripts but just generates them.
+ * Typically this is run as a main method in src/test once a developer is happy
+ * with the next set of changes to the model.
  * </p>
+ *
+ * <h3>Example: Run for a single specific platform</h3>
+ *
  * <pre>{@code
  *
- *       DbMigration migration = new DbMigration();
- *       migration.setPathToResources("src/main/resources");
- *       migration.setPlatform(DbPlatformName.ORACLE);
+ *    // optionally specify the version and name
+ *    //System.setProperty("ddl.migration.version", "1.1");
+ *    //System.setProperty("ddl.migration.name", "add bars");
  *
- *       migration.generateMigration();
+ *    // generate a migration using drops from a prior version
+ *    //System.setProperty("ddl.migration.pendingDropsFor", "1.2");
+ *
+ *    DbMigration migration = DbMigration.create();
+ *
+ *    migration.setPlatform(Platform.POSTGRES);
+ *    migration.generateMigration();
  *
  * }</pre>
  */
-public class DbMigration {
-
-  protected static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DbMigration.class);
-
-  private static final String initialVersion = "1.0";
-
-  private static final String GENERATED_COMMENT = "THIS IS A GENERATED FILE - DO NOT MODIFY";
+public interface DbMigration {
 
   /**
-   * Set to true if DbMigration run with online EbeanServer instance.
+   * Create a DbMigration implementation to use.
    */
-  protected final boolean online;
+  static DbMigration create() {
 
-  protected SpiEbeanServer server;
-
-  protected DbMigrationConfig migrationConfig;
-
-  protected String pathToResources = "src/main/resources";
-
-  protected DatabasePlatform databasePlatform;
-
-  protected List<Pair> platforms = new ArrayList<>();
-
-  protected ServerConfig serverConfig;
-
-  protected DbConstraintNaming constraintNaming;
-
-  /**
-   * Create for offline migration generation.
-   */
-  public DbMigration() {
-    this.online = false;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Create using online EbeanServer.
-   */
-  public DbMigration(EbeanServer server) {
-    this.online = true;
-    setServer(server);
+    Iterator<DbMigration> loader = ServiceLoader.load(DbMigration.class).iterator();
+    if (loader.hasNext()) {
+      return loader.next();
+    }
+    throw new IllegalStateException("No service implementation found for DbMigration?");
   }
 
   /**
@@ -105,33 +54,18 @@ public class DbMigration {
    * <p>
    * This defaults to maven style 'src/main/resources'.
    */
-  public void setPathToResources(String pathToResources) {
-    this.pathToResources = pathToResources;
-  }
+  void setPathToResources(String pathToResources);
 
   /**
    * Set the server to use to determine the current model.
    * Typically this is not called explicitly.
    */
-  public void setServer(EbeanServer ebeanServer) {
-    this.server = (SpiEbeanServer) ebeanServer;
-    setServerConfig(server.getServerConfig());
-  }
+  void setServer(EbeanServer ebeanServer);
 
   /**
    * Set the serverConfig to use. Typically this is not called explicitly.
    */
-  public void setServerConfig(ServerConfig config) {
-    if (this.serverConfig == null) {
-      this.serverConfig = config;
-    }
-    if (migrationConfig == null) {
-      this.migrationConfig = serverConfig.getMigrationConfig();
-    }
-    if (constraintNaming == null) {
-      this.constraintNaming = serverConfig.getConstraintNaming();
-    }
-  }
+  void setServerConfig(ServerConfig config);
 
   /**
    * Set the specific platform to generate DDL for.
@@ -139,9 +73,7 @@ public class DbMigration {
    * If not set this defaults to the platform of the default server.
    * </p>
    */
-  public void setPlatform(Platform platform) {
-    setPlatform(getPlatform(platform));
-  }
+  void setPlatform(Platform platform);
 
   /**
    * Set the specific platform to generate DDL for.
@@ -149,12 +81,7 @@ public class DbMigration {
    * If not set this defaults to the platform of the default server.
    * </p>
    */
-  public void setPlatform(DatabasePlatform databasePlatform) {
-    this.databasePlatform = databasePlatform;
-    if (!online) {
-      DbOffline.setPlatform(databasePlatform.getPlatform());
-    }
-  }
+  void setPlatform(DatabasePlatform databasePlatform);
 
   /**
    * Add an additional platform to write the migration DDL.
@@ -163,9 +90,7 @@ public class DbMigration {
    * from the migration (e.g. generate migration sql for MySql, Postgres and Oracle).
    * </p>
    */
-  public void addPlatform(Platform platform, String prefix) {
-    platforms.add(new Pair(getPlatform(platform), prefix));
-  }
+  void addPlatform(Platform platform, String prefix);
 
   /**
    * Generate the next migration xml file and associated apply and rollback sql scripts.
@@ -175,388 +100,30 @@ public class DbMigration {
    * <h3>Example: Run for a single specific platform</h3>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *       DbMigration migration = new DbMigration();
-   *       migration.setPathToResources("src/main/resources");
-   *       migration.setPlatform(DbPlatformName.ORACLE);
+   *   DbMigration migration = DbMigration.create();
    *
-   *       migration.generateMigration();
+   *   migration.setPlatform(Platform.POSTGRES);
+   *
+   *   migration.generateMigration();
    *
    * }</pre>
    * <p>
    * <h3>Example: Run migration generating DDL for multiple platforms</h3>
    * <pre>{@code
    *
-   *       DbMigration migration = new DbMigration();
-   *       migration.setPathToResources("src/main/resources");
+   *   DbMigration migration = DbMigration.create();
    *
-   *       migration.addPlatform(DbPlatformName.POSTGRES, "pg");
-   *       migration.addPlatform(DbPlatformName.MYSQL, "mysql");
-   *       migration.addPlatform(DbPlatformName.ORACLE, "mysql");
+   *   migration.setPathToResources("src/main/resources");
    *
-   *       migration.generateMigration();
+   *   migration.addPlatform(Platform.POSTGRES, "pg");
+   *   migration.addPlatform(Platform.MYSQL, "mysql");
+   *   migration.addPlatform(Platform.ORACLE, "oracle");
+   *
+   *   migration.generateMigration();
    *
    * }</pre>
+   *
+   * @return the version of the generated migration or null
    */
-  public void generateMigration() throws IOException {
-
-    // use this flag to stop other plugins like full DDL generation
-    if (!online) {
-      DbOffline.setGenerateMigration();
-      if (databasePlatform == null && !platforms.isEmpty()) {
-        // for multiple platform generation set the general platform
-        // to H2 so that it runs offline without DB connection
-        setPlatform(platforms.get(0).platform);
-      }
-    }
-    setDefaults();
-    try {
-      Request request = createRequest();
-
-      if (platforms.isEmpty()) {
-        generateExtraDdl(request.migrationDir, databasePlatform);
-      }
-
-      String pendingVersion = generatePendingDrop();
-      if (pendingVersion != null) {
-        generatePendingDrop(request, pendingVersion);
-      } else {
-        generateDiff(request);
-      }
-
-    } finally {
-      if (!online) {
-        DbOffline.reset();
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate "repeatable" migration scripts.
-   * <p>
-   * These take scrips from extra-dll.xml (typically views) and outputs "repeatable"
-   * migration scripts (starting with "R__") to be run by FlywayDb or Ebean's own
-   * migration runner.
-   * </p>
-   */
-  private void generateExtraDdl(File migrationDir, DatabasePlatform dbPlatform) throws IOException {
-
-    if (dbPlatform != null) {
-      ExtraDdl extraDdl = ExtraDdlXmlReader.read("/extra-ddl.xml");
-      if (extraDdl != null) {
-        List<DdlScript> ddlScript = extraDdl.getDdlScript();
-        for (DdlScript script : ddlScript) {
-          if (ExtraDdlXmlReader.matchPlatform(dbPlatform.getName(), script.getPlatforms())) {
-            writeExtraDdl(migrationDir, script);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Write (or override) the "repeatable" migration script.
-   */
-  private void writeExtraDdl(File migrationDir, DdlScript script) throws IOException {
-
-    String fullName = repeatableMigrationName(script.getName());
-
-    logger.info("writing repeatable script {}", fullName);
-
-    File file = new File(migrationDir, fullName);
-    try (FileWriter writer = new FileWriter(file)) {
-      writer.write(script.getValue());
-      writer.flush();
-    }
-  }
-
-  private String repeatableMigrationName(String scriptName) {
-    return "R__" + scriptName.replace(' ', '_') + migrationConfig.getApplySuffix();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate the diff migration.
-   */
-  private void generateDiff(Request request) throws IOException {
-
-    List<String> pendingDrops = request.getPendingDrops();
-    if (!pendingDrops.isEmpty()) {
-      logger.info("Pending un-applied drops in versions {}", pendingDrops);
-    }
-
-    Migration migration = request.createDiffMigration();
-    if (migration == null) {
-      logger.info("no changes detected - no migration written");
-    } else {
-      // there were actually changes to write
-      generateMigration(request, migration, null);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Generate the migration based on the pendingDrops from a prior version.
-   */
-  private void generatePendingDrop(Request request, String pendingVersion) throws IOException {
-
-    Migration migration = request.migrationForPendingDrop(pendingVersion);
-
-    generateMigration(request, migration, pendingVersion);
-
-    List<String> pendingDrops = request.getPendingDrops();
-    if (!pendingDrops.isEmpty()) {
-      logger.info("... remaining pending un-applied drops in versions {}", pendingDrops);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private Request createRequest() {
-    return new Request();
-  }
-
-  private class Request {
-
-    final File migrationDir;
-    final File modelDir;
-    final MigrationModel migrationModel;
-    final CurrentModel currentModel;
-    final ModelContainer migrated;
-    final ModelContainer current;
-
-    private Request() {
-      this.migrationDir = getMigrationDirectory();
-      this.modelDir = getModelDirectory(migrationDir);
-      this.migrationModel = new MigrationModel(modelDir, migrationConfig.getModelSuffix());
-      this.migrated = migrationModel.read();
-      this.currentModel = new CurrentModel(server, constraintNaming);
-      this.current = currentModel.read();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the migration for the pending drops for a given version.
-     */
-    public Migration migrationForPendingDrop(String pendingVersion) {
-
-      Migration migration = migrated.migrationForPendingDrop(pendingVersion);
-
-      // register any remaining pending drops
-      migrated.registerPendingHistoryDropColumns(current);
-      return migration;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the list of versions that have pending un-applied drops.
-     */
-    public List<String> getPendingDrops() {
-      return migrated.getPendingDrops();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Create and return the diff of the current model to the migration model.
-     */
-    public Migration createDiffMigration() {
-      ModelDiff diff = new ModelDiff(migrated);
-      diff.compareTo(current);
-      return diff.isEmpty() ? null : diff.getMigration();
-    }
-  }
-
-  private void generateMigration(Request request, Migration dbMigration, String dropsFor) throws IOException {
-
-    String fullVersion = getFullVersion(request.migrationModel, dropsFor);
-
-    logger.info("generating migration:{}", fullVersion);
-    if (!writeMigrationXml(dbMigration, request.modelDir, fullVersion)) {
-      logger.warn("migration already exists, not generating DDL");
-
-    } else {
-      if (!platforms.isEmpty()) {
-        writeExtraPlatformDdl(fullVersion, request.currentModel, dbMigration, request.migrationDir);
-
-      } else if (databasePlatform != null) {
-        // writer needs the current model to provide table/column details for
-        // history ddl generation (triggers, history tables etc)
-        DdlWrite write = new DdlWrite(new MConfiguration(), request.current);
-        PlatformDdlWriter writer = createDdlWriter(databasePlatform, "");
-        writer.processMigration(dbMigration, write, request.migrationDir, fullVersion);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return true if the next pending drop changeSet should be generated as the next migration.
-   */
-  private String generatePendingDrop() {
-
-    String nextDrop = System.getProperty("ddl.migration.pendingDropsFor");
-    if (nextDrop != null) {
-      return nextDrop;
-    }
-    return migrationConfig.getGeneratePendingDrop();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the full version for the migration being generated.
-   * <p>
-   * The full version can contain a comment suffix after a "__" double underscore.
-   */
-  private String getFullVersion(MigrationModel migrationModel, String dropsFor) {
-
-    String version = migrationConfig.getVersion();
-    if (version == null) {
-      version = migrationModel.getNextVersion(initialVersion);
-    }
-
-    String fullVersion = migrationConfig.getApplyPrefix() + version;
-    if (migrationConfig.getName() != null) {
-      fullVersion += "__" + toUnderScore(migrationConfig.getName());
-
-    } else if (dropsFor != null) {
-      fullVersion += "__" + toUnderScore("dropsFor_" + MigrationVersion.trim(dropsFor));
-
-    } else if (version.equals(initialVersion)) {
-      fullVersion += "__initial";
-    }
-    return fullVersion;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Replace spaces with underscores.
-   */
-  private String toUnderScore(String name) {
-    return name.replace(' ', '_');
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Write any extra platform ddl.
-   */
-  protected void writeExtraPlatformDdl(String fullVersion, CurrentModel currentModel, Migration dbMigration, File writePath) throws IOException {
-
-    for (Pair pair : platforms) {
-      DdlWrite platformBuffer = new DdlWrite(new MConfiguration(), currentModel.read());
-      PlatformDdlWriter platformWriter = createDdlWriter(pair);
-      File subPath = platformWriter.subPath(writePath, pair.prefix);
-      platformWriter.processMigration(dbMigration, platformBuffer, subPath, fullVersion);
-
-      generateExtraDdl(subPath, pair.platform);
-    }
-  }
-
-  private PlatformDdlWriter createDdlWriter(Pair pair) {
-    return createDdlWriter(pair.platform, pair.prefix);
-  }
-
-  private PlatformDdlWriter createDdlWriter(DatabasePlatform platform, String prefix) {
-    return new PlatformDdlWriter(platform, serverConfig, prefix, migrationConfig);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Write the migration xml.
-   */
-  protected boolean writeMigrationXml(Migration dbMigration, File resourcePath, String fullVersion) {
-
-    String modelFile = fullVersion + migrationConfig.getModelSuffix();
-    File file = new File(resourcePath, modelFile);
-    if (file.exists()) {
-      return false;
-    }
-    String comment = migrationConfig.isIncludeGeneratedFileComment() ? GENERATED_COMMENT : null;
-    MigrationXmlWriter xmlWriter = new MigrationXmlWriter(comment);
-    xmlWriter.write(dbMigration, file);
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set default server and platform if necessary.
-   */
-  protected void setDefaults() {
-    if (server == null) {
-      setServer(Ebean.getDefaultServer());
-    }
-    if (databasePlatform == null && platforms.isEmpty()) {
-      // not explicitly set not set a list of platforms so
-      // default to the platform of the default server
-      databasePlatform = server.getDatabasePlatform();
-      logger.debug("set platform to {}", databasePlatform.getName());
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the file path to write the xml and sql to.
-   */
-  protected File getMigrationDirectory() {
-
-    // path to src/main/resources in typical maven project
-    File resourceRootDir = new File(pathToResources);
-    String resourcePath = migrationConfig.getMigrationPath();
-
-    // expect to be a path to something like - src/main/resources/dbmigration/model
-    File path = new File(resourceRootDir, resourcePath);
-    if (!path.exists()) {
-      if (!path.mkdirs()) {
-        logger.debug("Unable to ensure migration directory exists at {}", path.getAbsolutePath());
-      }
-    }
-    return path;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the model directory (relative to the migration directory).
-   */
-  protected File getModelDirectory(File migrationDirectory) {
-    String modelPath = migrationConfig.getModelPath();
-    if (modelPath == null || modelPath.isEmpty()) {
-      return migrationDirectory;
-    }
-    File modelDir = new File(migrationDirectory, migrationConfig.getModelPath());
-    if (!modelDir.exists() && !modelDir.mkdirs()) {
-      logger.debug("Unable to ensure migration model directory exists at {}", modelDir.getAbsolutePath());
-    }
-    return modelDir;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Return the DatabasePlatform given the platform key.
-   */
-  protected DatabasePlatform getPlatform(Platform platform) {
-    switch (platform) {
-      case H2:
-        return new H2Platform();
-      case POSTGRES:
-        return new PostgresPlatform();
-      case MYSQL:
-        return new MySqlPlatform();
-      case ORACLE:
-        return new OraclePlatform();
-      case SQLSERVER:
-        return new SqlServerPlatform();
-      case DB2:
-        return new DB2Platform();
-      case SQLITE:
-        return new SQLitePlatform();
-
-      default:
-        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Platform missing? " + platform);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Holds a platform and prefix. Used to generate multiple platform specific DDL
-   * for a single migration.
-   */
-  public static class Pair {
-
-    /**
-     * The platform to generate the DDL for.
-     */
-    public final DatabasePlatform platform;
-
-    /**
-     * A prefix included into the file/resource names indicating the platform.
-     */
-    public final String prefix;
-
-    public Pair(DatabasePlatform platform, String prefix) {
-      this.platform = platform;
-      this.prefix = prefix;
-    }
-  }
-
+  String generateMigration() throws IOException;
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/dbmigration/ddlgeneration/platform/DB2Ddl.java

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-package io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform;
-
-import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
-
-/**
- * DB2 platform specific DDL.
- */
-public class DB2Ddl extends PlatformDdl {
-
-  public DB2Ddl(DatabasePlatform platform) {
-    super(platform);
-    this.identitySuffix = " generated by default as identity";
-  }
-
-}

src/main/java/io/ebean/dbmigration/ddlgeneration/platform/SqlServerDdl.java

@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-package io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform;
-
-import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.DdlBuffer;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.migration.AlterColumn;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-
-/**
- * MS SQL Server platform specific DDL.
- */
-public class SqlServerDdl extends PlatformDdl {
-
-  public SqlServerDdl(DatabasePlatform platform) {
-    super(platform);
-    this.identitySuffix = " identity(1,1)";
-    this.foreignKeyRestrict = "";
-    this.inlineUniqueOneToOne = false;
-    this.columnSetDefault = "add default";
-    this.dropConstraintIfExists = "drop constraint";
-    this.historyDdl = new SqlServerHistoryDdl();
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public String dropTable(String tableName) {
-    return "IF OBJECT_ID('" + tableName + "', 'U') IS NOT NULL drop table " + tableName;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public String alterTableDropForeignKey(String tableName, String fkName) {
-    return "IF OBJECT_ID('" + fkName + "', 'F') IS NOT NULL " + super.alterTableDropForeignKey(tableName, fkName);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * MsSqlServer specific null handling on unique constraints.
-   */
-  @Override
-  public String alterTableAddUniqueConstraint(String tableName, String uqName, String[] columns) {
-
-    // issues#233
-    String start = "create unique nonclustered index " + uqName + " on " + tableName + "(";
-    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(start);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < columns.length; i++) {
-      if (i > 0) {
-        sb.append(",");
-      }
-      sb.append(columns[i]);
-    }
-    sb.append(") where");
-    for (String column : columns) {
-      sb.append(" ").append(column).append(" is not null");
-    }
-    return sb.toString();
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public String alterColumnDefaultValue(String tableName, String columnName, String defaultValue) {
-
-    if (isDropDefault(defaultValue)) {
-      return "-- alter table " + tableName + " drop constraint <unknown>  -- find the appropriate constraint for default value on column " + columnName;
-    } else {
-      return "alter table " + tableName + " add default " + defaultValue + " for " + columnName;
-    }
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public String alterColumnBaseAttributes(AlterColumn alter) {
-
-    String tableName = alter.getTableName();
-    String columnName = alter.getColumnName();
-    String type = alter.getType() != null ? alter.getType() : alter.getCurrentType();
-    boolean notnull = (alter.isNotnull() != null) ? alter.isNotnull() : Boolean.TRUE.equals(alter.isCurrentNotnull());
-    String notnullClause = notnull ? " not null" : "";
-
-    return "alter table " + tableName + " alter column " + columnName + " " + type + notnullClause;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public String alterColumnType(String tableName, String columnName, String type) {
-
-    // can't alter itself - done in alterColumnBaseAttributes()
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public String alterColumnNotnull(String tableName, String columnName, boolean notnull) {
-
-    // can't alter itself - done in alterColumnBaseAttributes()
-    return null;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Add table comment as a separate statement (from the create table statement).
-   */
-  @Override
-  public void addTableComment(DdlBuffer apply, String tableName, String tableComment) throws IOException {
-
-    // do nothing for MS SQL Server (cause it requires stored procedures etc)
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Add column comment as a separate statement.
-   */
-  @Override
-  public void addColumnComment(DdlBuffer apply, String table, String column, String comment) throws IOException {
-
-    // do nothing for MS SQL Server (cause it requires stored procedures etc)
-  }
-}

src/main/java/io/ebean/dbmigration/ddlgeneration/platform/SqlServerHistoryDdl.java

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-package io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.platform;
-
-import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.DdlBuffer;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.DdlWrite;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.migration.AddHistoryTable;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.migration.DropHistoryTable;
-import io.ebean.dbmigration.model.MTable;
-
-import java.io.IOException;
-
-/**
- * @author Vilmos Nagy  <vilmos.nagy@outlook.com>
- */
-public class SqlServerHistoryDdl implements PlatformHistoryDdl {
-
-  private String systemPeriodStart;
-  private String systemPeriodEnd;
-
-  @Override
-  public void configure(ServerConfig serverConfig, PlatformDdl platformDdl) {
-    this.systemPeriodStart = serverConfig.getAsOfSysPeriod() + "From";
-    this.systemPeriodEnd = serverConfig.getAsOfSysPeriod() + "To";
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public void createWithHistory(DdlWrite writer, MTable table) throws IOException {
-    String baseTable = table.getName();
-    enableSystemVersioning(writer, baseTable);
-  }
-
-  private void enableSystemVersioning(DdlWrite writer, String baseTable) throws IOException {
-    DdlBuffer apply = writer.applyHistory();
-    apply.append("alter table ").append(baseTable).newLine()
-      .append("    add ").append(systemPeriodStart).append(" datetime2 GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW START NOT NULL DEFAULT SYSUTCDATETIME(),").newLine()
-      .append("        ").append(systemPeriodEnd).append("   datetime2 GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW END   NOT NULL,").newLine()
-      .append("period for system_time (").append(systemPeriodStart).append("From, ").append(systemPeriodEnd).append("To)").endOfStatement();
-
-    apply.append("alter table ").append(baseTable).append("set (system_versioning = on)").endOfStatement();
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public void dropHistoryTable(DdlWrite writer, DropHistoryTable dropHistoryTable) throws IOException {
-    String baseTable = dropHistoryTable.getBaseTable();
-    DdlBuffer apply = writer.applyHistory();
-    apply.append("alter table ").append(baseTable).append("set (system_versioning = off)").endOfStatement();
-    apply.append("alter table ").append(baseTable).append(" drop column ").append(systemPeriodStart).endOfStatement();
-    apply.append("alter table ").append(baseTable).append(" drop column ").append(systemPeriodEnd).endOfStatement();
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public void addHistoryTable(DdlWrite writer, AddHistoryTable addHistoryTable) throws IOException {
-    String baseTable = addHistoryTable.getBaseTable();
-    enableSystemVersioning(writer, baseTable);
-  }
-
-  @Override
-  public void updateTriggers(DdlWrite write, HistoryTableUpdate baseTable) throws IOException {
-    // SQL Server 2016 does not need triggers
-  }
-}

src/main/java/io/ebean/dbmigration/package-info.java

@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
 /**
- * Generation DDL migration scripts based on changes to the model.
- * <p>
- * You can use <code>DbMigration</code> to compare the entity bean model to its prior state
- * and generate DDL for the differences - adding tables, columns etc.
- * </p>
+ * Generates DDL migration scripts based on changes to the model.
  */
 package io.ebean.dbmigration;

src/main/java/io/ebean/event/changelog/BeanChange.java

@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 package io.ebean.event.changelog;
 
-import io.ebean.ValuePair;
-
-import java.util.Map;
-
 /**
  * A bean insert, update or delete change sent as part of a ChangeSet.
  */
@@ -12,68 +8,68 @@ public class BeanChange {
   /**
    * The underling base table name.
    */
-  String table;
+  private final String type;
 
   /**
    * The tenantId value.
    */
-  Object tenantId;
-  
+  private final Object tenantId;
+
   /**
    * The id value.
    */
-  Object id;
+  private final Object id;
 
   /**
    * The INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE change type.
    */
-  ChangeType type;
+  private final ChangeType event;
 
   /**
    * The time the bean change was created.
    */
-  long eventTime;
+  private final long eventTime;
 
   /**
-   * The values for insert or update. Note that null values are not included for insert.
+   * The change in JSON form.
    */
-  Map<String, ValuePair> values;
+  private final String data;
 
   /**
-   * Construct with all the details.
+   * The change in JSON form.
    */
-  public BeanChange(String table, Object tenantId, Object id, ChangeType type, Map<String, ValuePair> values) {
-    this.table = table;
+  private final String oldData;
+
+  /**
+   * Construct with change as JSON.
+   */
+  public BeanChange(String type, Object tenantId, Object id, ChangeType event, String data, String oldData) {
+    this.type = type;
     this.tenantId = tenantId;
     this.id = id;
-    this.type = type;
+    this.event = event;
     this.eventTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
-    this.values = values;
+    this.data = data;
+    this.oldData = oldData;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Default constructor for JSON tools.
+   * Construct with change as JSON.
    */
-  public BeanChange() {
+  public BeanChange(String table, Object tenantId, Object id, ChangeType event, String data) {
+    this(table, tenantId , id , event , data , null);
   }
 
   @Override
   public String toString() {
-    return "table:" + table + " tenantId: " + tenantId + " id:" + id + " values:" + values;
+    return "type:" + type + " tenantId: " + tenantId + " id:" + id + " data:" + data;
   }
 
   /**
    * Return the object type (typically table name).
    */
-  public String getTable() {
-    return table;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set the object type (for JSON tools).
-   */
-  public void setTable(String table) {
-    this.table = table;
+  public String getType() {
+    return type;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -83,13 +79,6 @@ public class BeanChange {
     return tenantId;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Set the bean id (for JSON tools).
-   */
-  public void setTenantId(Object tenantId) {
-    this.tenantId = tenantId;
-  }
-  
   /**
    * Return the object id.
    */
@@ -97,25 +86,11 @@ public class BeanChange {
     return id;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Set the bean id (for JSON tools).
-   */
-  public void setId(Object id) {
-    this.id = id;
-  }
-
   /**
    * Return the change type (INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE).
    */
-  public ChangeType getType() {
-    return type;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set the type (for JSON tools).
-   */
-  public void setType(ChangeType type) {
-    this.type = type;
+  public ChangeType getEvent() {
+    return event;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -126,23 +101,16 @@ public class BeanChange {
   }
 
   /**
-   * Set the event time in epoch millis.
+   * Return the change data in JSON form.
    */
-  public void setEventTime(long eventTime) {
-    this.eventTime = eventTime;
+  public String getData() {
+    return data;
   }
 
   /**
-   * Return the value pairs. For inserts the ValuePair oldValue is always null.
+   * Return the old data in JSON form.
    */
-  public Map<String, ValuePair> getValues() {
-    return values;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Set the value pairs (for JSON tools).
-   */
-  public void setValues(Map<String, ValuePair> values) {
-    this.values = values;
+  public String getOldData() {
+    return oldData;
   }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/overview.html

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ Customer customer = Ebean.find(Customer.class)
     .fetch("billingAddress");
     .fetch("shippingAddress");
     .setId(7)
-    .findUnique();
+    .findOne();
 
 
 Address billAddr = customer.getBillingAddress();

src/main/java/io/ebean/package.html

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Customer customer =
 		.setId(7)
 		.fetch("billingAddress")
 		.fetch("shippingAddress")
-		.findUnique();
+		.findOne();
 
 Address billAddr = customer.getBillingAddress();
 Address shipAddr = customer.getShippingAddress();

src/main/java/io/ebean/plugin/BeanType.java

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 package io.ebean.plugin;
 
+import io.ebean.Query;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.IdType;
 import io.ebean.event.BeanFindController;
 import io.ebean.event.BeanPersistController;
 import io.ebean.event.BeanPersistListener;
 import io.ebean.event.BeanQueryAdapter;
-import io.ebeaninternal.api.SpiQuery;
 import io.ebeanservice.docstore.api.mapping.DocumentMapping;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ public interface BeanType<T> {
   /**
    * Add the discriminator value to the query if needed.
    */
-  void addInheritanceWhere(SpiQuery<?> query);
+  void addInheritanceWhere(Query<?> query);
 
   /**
    * Return the root bean type for an inheritance hierarchy.

src/main/java/io/ebean/service/SpiContainer.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package io.ebean.common;
+package io.ebean.service;
 
 import io.ebean.EbeanServer;
 import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;

src/main/java/io/ebean/service/SpiContainerFactory.java

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+package io.ebean.service;
+
+import io.ebean.config.ContainerConfig;
+
+/**
+ * Provides shutdown of the entire container.
+ */
+public interface SpiContainerFactory {
+
+  /**
+   * Create the Container that builds EbeanServer instances.
+   */
+  SpiContainer create(ContainerConfig containerConfig);
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/service/SpiJsonService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+package io.ebean.service;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.Writer;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * JSON service that Ebean is expected to provide.
+ *
+ * Supports converting between JSON content and simple java Maps/Lists.
+ */
+public interface SpiJsonService {
+
+  /**
+   * Write the nested Map/List as json.
+   */
+  String write(Object object) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Write the nested Map/List as json to the writer.
+   */
+  void write(Object object, Writer writer) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Write the nested Map/List as json to the jsonGenerator.
+   */
+  void write(Object object, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Write the collection as json array to the jsonGenerator.
+   */
+  void writeCollection(Collection<Object> collection, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a Map additionally specifying if the returned map should
+   * be modify aware meaning that it can detect when it has been modified.
+   */
+  Map<String, Object> parseObject(String json, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a Map.
+   */
+  Map<String, Object> parseObject(String json) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a Map taking a reader.
+   */
+  Map<String, Object> parseObject(Reader reader, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a Map taking a reader.
+   */
+  Map<String, Object> parseObject(Reader reader) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a Map taking a JsonParser.
+   */
+  Map<String, Object> parseObject(JsonParser parser) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a Map taking a JsonParser and a starting token.
+   * <p>
+   * Used when the first token is checked to see if the value is null prior to calling this.
+   * </p>
+   */
+  Map<String, Object> parseObject(JsonParser parser, JsonToken token) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a modify aware List.
+   */
+  <T> List<T> parseList(String json, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a List.
+   */
+  List<Object> parseList(String json) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a List taking a Reader.
+   */
+  List<Object> parseList(Reader reader) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a List taking a JsonParser.
+   */
+  List<Object> parseList(JsonParser parser) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json returning as a List taking into account the current token.
+   */
+  <T> List<T> parseList(JsonParser parser, JsonToken currentToken) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a List or Map.
+   */
+  Object parse(String json) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a List or Map.
+   */
+  Object parse(Reader reader) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json and return as a List or Map.
+   */
+  Object parse(JsonParser parser) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json returning a Set that might be modify aware.
+   */
+  <T> Set<T> parseSet(String json, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException;
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the json returning as a Set taking into account the current token.
+   */
+  <T> Set<T> parseSet(JsonParser parser, JsonToken currentToken) throws IOException;
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/service/SpiRawSqlService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package io.ebean.service;
+
+import io.ebean.RawSql;
+import io.ebean.RawSqlBuilder;
+
+import java.sql.ResultSet;
+
+/**
+ * Service provided by Ebean for parsing and column mapping raw SQL queries.
+ */
+public interface SpiRawSqlService {
+
+  /**
+   * Create based on a JDBC ResultSet.
+   */
+  RawSql resultSet(ResultSet resultSet, String... propertyNames);
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the SQL determining column mapping.
+   */
+  RawSqlBuilder parsed(String sql);
+
+  /**
+   * Unparsed SQL so explicit column mapping expected.
+   */
+  RawSqlBuilder unparsed(String sql);
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/text/PathProperties.java

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package io.ebean.text;
 
 import io.ebean.FetchPath;
 import io.ebean.Query;
-import io.ebeaninternal.server.query.SplitName;
+import io.ebean.util.SplitName;
 
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Iterator;
@@ -89,11 +89,7 @@ public class PathProperties implements FetchPath {
   }
 
   Props getProps(String path) {
-    Props props = pathMap.get(path);
-    if (props == null) {
-      props = new Props(this, null, path);
-      pathMap.put(path, props);
-    }
+    Props props = pathMap.computeIfAbsent(path, p -> new Props(this, null, p));
     return props;
   }
 

src/main/java/io/ebean/text/TimeStringParser.java

@@ -27,16 +27,17 @@ public final class TimeStringParser implements StringParser {
     }
 
     String s = value.trim();
-    int minute;
-    int second;
     int firstColon = s.indexOf(':');
-    int secondColon = s.indexOf(':', firstColon + 1);
 
     if (firstColon == -1) {
       throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException("No ':' in value [" + s + "]");
     }
     try {
+      int second;
+      int minute;
       int hour = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(0, firstColon));
+      int secondColon = s.indexOf(':', firstColon + 1);
+
       if (secondColon == -1) {
         minute = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(firstColon + 1, s.length()));
         second = 0;

src/main/java/io/ebean/text/json/EJson.java

@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
 package io.ebean.text.json;
 
-import io.ebeaninternal.server.type.ModifyAwareList;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonParser;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonToken;
+import io.ebean.service.SpiJsonService;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.Reader;
 import java.io.Writer;
 import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
+import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.ServiceLoader;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 /**
@@ -19,32 +20,43 @@ import java.util.Set;
  */
 public class EJson {
 
+  private static SpiJsonService plugin = init();
+
+  private static SpiJsonService init() {
+
+    Iterator<SpiJsonService> loader = ServiceLoader.load(SpiJsonService.class).iterator();
+    if (loader.hasNext()) {
+      return loader.next();
+    }
+    throw new IllegalStateException("No service implementation found for SpiJsonService?");
+  }
+
   /**
    * Write the nested Map/List as json.
    */
   public static String write(Object object) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonWriter.write(object);
+    return plugin.write(object);
   }
 
   /**
    * Write the nested Map/List as json to the writer.
    */
   public static void write(Object object, Writer writer) throws IOException {
-    EJsonWriter.write(object, writer);
+    plugin.write(object, writer);
   }
 
   /**
    * Write the nested Map/List as json to the jsonGenerator.
    */
   public static void write(Object object, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator) throws IOException {
-    EJsonWriter.write(object, jsonGenerator);
+    plugin.write(object, jsonGenerator);
   }
 
   /**
    * Write the collection as json array to the jsonGenerator.
    */
   public static void writeCollection(Collection<Object> collection, JsonGenerator jsonGenerator) throws IOException {
-    EJsonWriter.writeCollection(collection, jsonGenerator);
+    plugin.writeCollection(collection, jsonGenerator);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -52,35 +64,35 @@ public class EJson {
    * be modify aware meaning that it can detect when it has been modified.
    */
   public static Map<String, Object> parseObject(String json, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseObject(json, modifyAware);
+    return plugin.parseObject(json, modifyAware);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a Map.
    */
   public static Map<String, Object> parseObject(String json) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseObject(json);
+    return plugin.parseObject(json);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a Map taking a reader.
    */
   public static Map<String, Object> parseObject(Reader reader, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseObject(reader, modifyAware);
+    return plugin.parseObject(reader, modifyAware);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a Map taking a reader.
    */
   public static Map<String, Object> parseObject(Reader reader) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseObject(reader);
+    return plugin.parseObject(reader);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a Map taking a JsonParser.
    */
   public static Map<String, Object> parseObject(JsonParser parser) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseObject(parser);
+    return plugin.parseObject(parser);
   }
 
   /**
@@ -90,81 +102,77 @@ public class EJson {
    * </p>
    */
   public static Map<String, Object> parseObject(JsonParser parser, JsonToken token) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseObject(parser, token);
+    return plugin.parseObject(parser, token);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a modify aware List.
    */
-  public static List<Object> parseList(String json, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseList(json, modifyAware);
+  public static <T> List<T> parseList(String json, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException {
+    return plugin.parseList(json, modifyAware);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a List.
    */
   public static List<Object> parseList(String json) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseList(json);
+    return plugin.parseList(json);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a List taking a Reader.
    */
   public static List<Object> parseList(Reader reader) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseList(reader);
+    return plugin.parseList(reader);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a List taking a JsonParser.
    */
   public static List<Object> parseList(JsonParser parser) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parseList(parser, false);
+    return plugin.parseList(parser);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json returning as a List taking into account the current token.
    */
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
-  public static List<Object> parseList(JsonParser parser, JsonToken currentToken) throws IOException {
-    return (List<Object>) EJsonReader.parse(parser, currentToken, false);
+  public static <T> List<T> parseList(JsonParser parser, JsonToken currentToken) throws IOException {
+    return plugin.parseList(parser, currentToken);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a List or Map.
    */
   public static Object parse(String json) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parse(json);
+    return plugin.parse(json);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a List or Map.
    */
   public static Object parse(Reader reader) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parse(reader);
+    return plugin.parse(reader);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json and return as a List or Map.
    */
   public static Object parse(JsonParser parser) throws IOException {
-    return EJsonReader.parse(parser);
+    return plugin.parse(parser);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json returning a Set that might be modify aware.
    */
-  public static Set parseSet(String json, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException {
-    List<Object> list = parseList(json, modifyAware);
-    if (list == null) {
-      return null;
-    }
-    return ((ModifyAwareList) list).asSet();
+  public static <T> Set<T> parseSet(String json, boolean modifyAware) throws IOException {
+    return plugin.parseSet(json, modifyAware);
   }
 
   /**
    * Parse the json returning as a Set taking into account the current token.
    */
-  public static Set<Object> parseSet(JsonParser parser, JsonToken currentToken) throws IOException {
-    return new LinkedHashSet<>(parseList(parser, currentToken));
+  public static <T> Set<T> parseSet(JsonParser parser, JsonToken currentToken) throws IOException {
+    return plugin.parseSet(parser, currentToken);
   }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/util/AnnotationUtil.java

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+package io.ebean.util;
+
+import io.ebean.annotation.Formula;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Where;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
+import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
+
+/**
+ * Annotation utility methods to find annotations recursively - taken from the spring framework.
+ */
+public class AnnotationUtil {
+
+  /**
+   * Determine if the supplied {@link Annotation} is defined in the core JDK {@code java.lang.annotation} package.
+   */
+  public static boolean isInJavaLangAnnotationPackage(Annotation annotation) {
+    return annotation.annotationType().getName().startsWith("java.lang.annotation");
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Find a single {@link Annotation} of {@code annotationType} on the supplied {@link AnnotatedElement}.
+   * <p>
+   * Meta-annotations will be searched if the annotation is not <em>directly present</em> on the supplied element.
+   * <p>
+   * <strong>Warning</strong>: this method operates generically on annotated elements. In other words, this method
+   * does not execute specialized search algorithms for classes or methods. It only traverses through Annotations!
+   * It also does not filter out platform dependent annotations!
+   */
+  public static <A extends Annotation> A findAnnotation(AnnotatedElement annotatedElement, Class<A> annotationType) {
+    if (annotationType == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    // check if directly present, if not, start search for meta-annotations.
+    A ann = annotatedElement.getAnnotation(annotationType);
+    if (ann != null) {
+      return ann;
+    } else {
+      return findAnnotation(annotatedElement, annotationType, new HashSet<>());
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Find a single {@link Annotation} of {@code annotationType} on the supplied class.
+   * <p>Meta-annotations will be searched if the annotation is not directly present on
+   * the supplied element.
+   * <p><strong>Note</strong>: this method searches for annotations at class & superClass(es)!
+   */
+  public static <A extends Annotation> A findAnnotationRecursive(Class<?> clazz, Class<A> annotationType) {
+    if (annotationType == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    // check if directly present, if not, start search for meta-annotations.
+    A ann = clazz.getAnnotation(annotationType);
+    if (ann != null) {
+      return ann;
+    } else {
+      while (clazz != null && clazz != Object.class) {
+        ann = findAnnotation(clazz, annotationType, new HashSet<>());
+        if (ann != null) {
+          return ann;
+        }
+        // no meta-annotation present at this class - traverse to superclass
+        clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();
+      }
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Finds the first annotation of a type for this platform. (if annotation is platform specific, otherwise first
+   * found annotation is returned)
+   */
+  public static <A extends Annotation> A findAnnotation(AnnotatedElement annotatedElement, Class<A> annotationType, Platform platform) {
+    if (annotationType == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    Set<A> anns = findAnnotations(annotatedElement, annotationType);
+    return getPlatformMatchingAnnotation(anns, platform);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Finds all annotations recusively for a class and its superclasses.
+   */
+  public static <A extends Annotation> Set<A> findAnnotationsRecursive(Class<?> clazz, Class<A> annotationType) {
+    if (annotationType == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    Set<A> ret = new LinkedHashSet<>();
+    Set<Annotation> visited = new HashSet<>();
+    while (clazz != null && clazz != Object.class) {
+      findMetaAnnotations(clazz, annotationType, ret, visited);
+      clazz = clazz.getSuperclass();
+    }
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Perform the search algorithm avoiding endless recursion by tracking which
+   * annotations have already been visited.
+   */
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  private static <A extends Annotation> A findAnnotation(AnnotatedElement annotatedElement, Class<A> annotationType, Set<Annotation> visited) {
+
+    Annotation[] anns = annotatedElement.getAnnotations(); // directly annotatated or inherited
+    for (Annotation ann : anns) {
+      if (ann.annotationType() == annotationType) {
+        return (A) ann;
+      }
+    }
+    for (Annotation ann : anns) {
+      if (!isInJavaLangAnnotationPackage(ann) && visited.add(ann)) {
+        A annotation = findAnnotation(ann.annotationType(), annotationType, visited);
+        if (annotation != null) {
+          return annotation;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Find all {@link Annotation}s of {@code annotationType} on the supplied {@link AnnotatedElement}.
+   * <p>
+   * Meta-annotations will be searched if the annotation is not <em>directly present</em> on the supplied element.
+   * <p>
+   * <strong>Warning</strong>: this method operates generically on annotated elements. In other words, this method
+   * does not execute specialized search algorithms for classes or methods. It only traverses through Annotations!
+   */
+  public static <A extends Annotation> Set<A> findAnnotations(AnnotatedElement annotatedElement, Class<A> annotationType) {
+    if (annotationType == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    Set<A> ret = new LinkedHashSet<>();
+    findMetaAnnotations(annotatedElement, annotationType, ret, new HashSet<>());
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Perform the search algorithm avoiding endless recursion by tracking which
+   * annotations have already been visited.
+   */
+  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+  private static <A extends Annotation> void findMetaAnnotations(AnnotatedElement annotatedElement, Class<A> annotationType, Set<A> ret, Set<Annotation> visited) {
+
+    Annotation[] anns = annotatedElement.getAnnotations();
+    for (Annotation ann : anns) {
+      if (!isInJavaLangAnnotationPackage(ann) && visited.add(ann)) {
+        if (ann.annotationType() == annotationType) {
+          ret.add((A) ann);
+        } else {
+          Method repeatableValueMethod = getRepeatableValueMethod(ann, annotationType);
+          if (repeatableValueMethod != null) {
+            try {
+              A[] repeatedAnns = (A[]) repeatableValueMethod.invoke(ann);
+              for (Annotation repeatedAnn : repeatedAnns) {
+                ret.add((A) repeatedAnn);
+                findMetaAnnotations(repeatedAnn.annotationType(), annotationType, ret, visited);
+              }
+            } catch (Exception e) { // catch all exceptions (thrown by invoke)
+              throw new RuntimeException(e);
+            }
+          } else {
+            findMetaAnnotations(ann.annotationType(), annotationType, ret, visited);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // caches for getRepeatableValueMethod
+  private static Method getNullMethod() {
+    try {
+      return AnnotationUtil.class.getDeclaredMethod("getNullMethod");
+    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+      return null;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static final ConcurrentMap<Annotation, Method> valueMethods = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+  // only a non-null-marker the valueMethods - Cache
+  private static final Method nullMethod = getNullMethod();
+
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the <code>value()</code> method for a possible containerAnnotation.
+   * Method is retuned only, if its signature is <code>array of containingType</code>.
+   */
+  private static <A extends Annotation> Method getRepeatableValueMethod(
+    Annotation containerAnnotation, Class<A> containingType) {
+
+    Method method = valueMethods.get(containerAnnotation);
+    if (method == null) {
+      try {
+        method = containerAnnotation.annotationType().getMethod("value");
+      } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+        method = nullMethod;
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        throw new RuntimeException(e);
+      }
+      Method prev = valueMethods.putIfAbsent(containerAnnotation, method);
+      method = prev == null ? method : prev;
+    }
+    if (method != nullMethod) {
+      Class<?> retType = method.getReturnType();
+      if (retType.isArray() && retType.getComponentType() == containingType) {
+        return method;
+      }
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Finds a suitable annotation from <code>Set<T> anns</code> for this platform.
+   * To distinguish between platforms, annotation type <code>T</code> must define
+   * a method withthis signature:
+   * <p>
+   * <code>Class<? extends DatabasePlatform>[] platforms() default {};</code>
+   * </p>
+   * The finding rules are:
+   * <ol>
+   * <li>Check if T has method "platforms" if not, return <code>ann[0]</code></code>
+   * <li>find the annotation that is defined for <code>databasePlatform</code></li>
+   * <li>otherwise return the annotation for default platform (platforms = {})</li>
+   * <li>return null
+   * </ol>
+   * (This mechanism is currently used by {@link Where} and {@link Formula})
+   */
+  public static <T extends Annotation> T getPlatformMatchingAnnotation(Set<T> anns, Platform matchPlatform) {
+    if (anns.isEmpty()) {
+      return null;
+    }
+    Method getPlatformsMethod = null;
+    T fallback = null;
+    for (T ann : anns) {
+      try {
+        if (getPlatformsMethod == null) {
+          getPlatformsMethod = ann.getClass().getMethod("platforms");
+        }
+        if (!Platform[].class.isAssignableFrom(getPlatformsMethod.getReturnType())) {
+          return ann;
+        }
+        Platform[] platforms = (Platform[]) getPlatformsMethod.invoke(ann);
+        if (platforms.length == 0) {
+          fallback = ann;
+        } else {
+          for (Platform platform : platforms) {
+            if (matchPlatform == platform) {
+              return ann;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+        return ann; // not platform specific - return first one
+      } catch (Exception e) {
+        throw new RuntimeException(e);
+      }
+    }
+    return fallback;
+  }
+
+}

src/main/java/io/ebean/util/CamelCaseHelper.java

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ public class CamelCaseHelper {
 
     String[] vals = underscore.split("_");
     if (vals.length == 1) {
-      return underscore;
+      return isUpperCase(underscore) ? underscore.toLowerCase() : underscore;
     }
 
     StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
@@ -29,4 +29,13 @@ public class CamelCaseHelper {
 
     return result.toString();
   }
+
+  private static boolean isUpperCase(String underscore) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < underscore.length(); i++) {
+      if (Character.isLowerCase(underscore.charAt(i))) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
 }

src/main/java/io/ebean/util/ClassUtil.java

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-package io.ebean.util;
-
-import java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType;
-import java.lang.reflect.Type;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-
-/**
- * Helper to find classes taking into account the context class loader.
- */
-public class ClassUtil {
-
-  /**
-   * Returns the raw type for the 2nd generic parameter for a subclass.
-   */
-  public static Class<?> getSecondArgumentType(Class<?> subclass) {
-    Type[] typeArguments = getSuperclassTypeParameter(subclass);
-    if (typeArguments.length != 2) {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Expected type with 2 generic argument types but got "
-        + typeArguments.length + " - " + Arrays.toString(typeArguments));
-    }
-
-    return getRawType(typeArguments[1]);
-  }
-
-  static Type[] getSuperclassTypeParameter(Class<?> subclass) {
-    Type superclass = subclass.getGenericSuperclass();
-    if (superclass instanceof Class) {
-      throw new RuntimeException("Missing generics type parameters on subclass " + subclass);
-    }
-    return ((ParameterizedType) superclass).getActualTypeArguments();
-  }
-
-  private static Class<?> getRawType(Type type) {
-
-    if (type instanceof Class<?>) {
-      return (Class<?>) type;
-
-    } else if (type instanceof ParameterizedType) {
-      ParameterizedType parameterizedType = (ParameterizedType) type;
-      Type rawType = parameterizedType.getRawType();
-      if (rawType instanceof Class<?>) {
-        return (Class<?>) rawType;
-      }
-    }
-    throw new RuntimeException("Unable to obtain raw class type from " + type);
-  }
-}

src/main/java/io/ebean/util/SplitName.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package io.ebeaninternal.server.query;
+package io.ebean.util;
 
 /**
  * Helper for dot notation property paths.

src/main/java/io/ebean/util/StringHelper.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package io.ebean.util;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 /**
  * Utility String class that supports String manipulation functions.
@@ -13,6 +14,10 @@ public class StringHelper {
 
   private static final char DOUBLE_QUOTE = '"';
 
+  private static final Pattern SPLIT_NAMES = Pattern.compile("[\\s,;]+");
+
+  private static final String[] EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY = new String[0];
+
   /**
    * parses a String of the form name1='value1' name2='value2'. Note that you
    * can use either single or double quotes for any particular name value pair
@@ -48,42 +53,44 @@ public class StringHelper {
    */
   private static HashMap<String, String> parseNameQuotedValue(HashMap<String, String> map,
                                                               String tag, int pos) throws RuntimeException {
+    while (true) {
 
-    int equalsPos = tag.indexOf('=', pos);
-    if (equalsPos > -1) {
-      // check for begin quote...
-      char firstQuote = tag.charAt(equalsPos + 1);
-      if (firstQuote != SINGLE_QUOTE && firstQuote != DOUBLE_QUOTE) {
-        throw new RuntimeException("missing begin quote at " + (equalsPos) + "["
-          + tag.charAt(equalsPos + 1) + "] in [" + tag + "]");
+      int equalsPos = tag.indexOf('=', pos);
+      if (equalsPos > -1) {
+        // check for begin quote...
+        char firstQuote = tag.charAt(equalsPos + 1);
+        if (firstQuote != SINGLE_QUOTE && firstQuote != DOUBLE_QUOTE) {
+          throw new RuntimeException("missing begin quote at " + (equalsPos) + "["
+            + tag.charAt(equalsPos + 1) + "] in [" + tag + "]");
+        }
+
+        // check for end quote...
+        int endQuotePos = tag.indexOf(firstQuote, equalsPos + 2);
+        if (endQuotePos == -1) {
+          throw new RuntimeException("missing end quote [" + firstQuote + "] after " + pos + " in [" + tag + "]");
+        }
+
+        // we have a valid name and value...
+        // dp("pos="+pos+" equalsPos="+equalsPos+"
+        // endQuotePos="+endQuotePos);
+        String name = tag.substring(pos, equalsPos);
+        // dp("name="+name+"; value="+value+";");
+
+        // trim off any whitespace from the front of name...
+        name = trimFront(name, " ");
+        if ((name.indexOf(SINGLE_QUOTE) > -1) || (name.indexOf(DOUBLE_QUOTE) > -1)) {
+          throw new RuntimeException("attribute name contains a quote [" + name + "]");
+        }
+
+        String value = tag.substring(equalsPos + 2, endQuotePos);
+        map.put(name, value);
+
+        pos = endQuotePos + 1;
+
+      } else {
+        // no more equals... stop parsing...
+        return map;
       }
-
-      // check for end quote...
-      int endQuotePos = tag.indexOf(firstQuote, equalsPos + 2);
-      if (endQuotePos == -1) {
-        throw new RuntimeException("missing end quote [" + firstQuote + "] after " + pos + " in [" + tag + "]");
-      }
-
-      // we have a valid name and value...
-      // dp("pos="+pos+" equalsPos="+equalsPos+"
-      // endQuotePos="+endQuotePos);
-      String name = tag.substring(pos, equalsPos);
-      // dp("name="+name+"; value="+value+";");
-
-      // trim off any whitespace from the front of name...
-      name = trimFront(name, " ");
-      if ((name.indexOf(SINGLE_QUOTE) > -1) || (name.indexOf(DOUBLE_QUOTE) > -1)) {
-        throw new RuntimeException("attribute name contains a quote [" + name + "]");
-      }
-
-      String value = tag.substring(equalsPos + 2, endQuotePos);
-      map.put(name, value);
-
-      return parseNameQuotedValue(map, tag, endQuotePos + 1);
-
-    } else {
-      // no more equals... stop parsing...
-      return map;
     }
   }
 
@@ -96,14 +103,15 @@ public class StringHelper {
   }
 
   private static int countOccurances(String content, String occurs, int pos, int countSoFar) {
-    int equalsPos = content.indexOf(occurs, pos);
-    if (equalsPos > -1) {
-      countSoFar += 1;
-      pos = equalsPos + occurs.length();
-      // dp("countSoFar="+countSoFar+" pos="+pos);
-      return countOccurances(content, occurs, pos, countSoFar);
-    } else {
-      return countSoFar;
+    while (true) {
+      int equalsPos = content.indexOf(occurs, pos);
+      if (equalsPos > -1) {
+        countSoFar += 1;
+        pos = equalsPos + occurs.length();
+        // dp("countSoFar="+countSoFar+" pos="+pos);
+      } else {
+        return countSoFar;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -135,14 +143,16 @@ public class StringHelper {
    * @param trim   the string to trim off the front
    */
   public static String trimFront(String source, String trim) {
-    if (source == null) {
-      return null;
-    }
-    if (source.indexOf(trim) == 0) {
-      // dp("trim ...");
-      return trimFront(source.substring(trim.length()), trim);
-    } else {
-      return source;
+    while (true) {
+      if (source == null) {
+        return null;
+      }
+      if (source.indexOf(trim) == 0) {
+        // dp("trim ...");
+        source = source.substring(trim.length());
+      } else {
+        return source;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -158,55 +168,57 @@ public class StringHelper {
    */
   private static HashMap<String, String> getKeyValue(HashMap<String, String> map, int pos,
                                                      String allNameValuePairs, String listDelimiter, String nameValueSeparator) {
+    while (true) {
 
-    if (pos >= allNameValuePairs.length()) {
-      // dp("end as "+pos+" >= "+allNameValuePairs.length() );
-      return map;
-    }
-
-    int equalsPos = allNameValuePairs.indexOf(nameValueSeparator, pos);
-    int delimPos = allNameValuePairs.indexOf(listDelimiter, pos);
-
-    if (delimPos == -1) {
-      delimPos = allNameValuePairs.length();
-    }
-    if (equalsPos == -1) {
-      // dp("no more equals...");
-      return map;
-    }
-    if (delimPos == (equalsPos + 1)) {
-      // dp("Ignoring as nothing between delim and equals...
-      // delim:"+delimPos+" eq:"+equalsPos);
-      return getKeyValue(map, delimPos + 1, allNameValuePairs, listDelimiter,
-        nameValueSeparator);
-    }
-    if (equalsPos > delimPos) {
-      // there is a key without a value?
-      String key = allNameValuePairs.substring(pos, delimPos);
-      key = key.trim();
-      if (!key.isEmpty()) {
-        map.put(key, null);
+      if (pos >= allNameValuePairs.length()) {
+        // dp("end as "+pos+" >= "+allNameValuePairs.length() );
+        return map;
       }
-      return getKeyValue(map, delimPos + 1, allNameValuePairs, listDelimiter,
-        nameValueSeparator);
 
-    }
-    String key = allNameValuePairs.substring(pos, equalsPos);
+      int equalsPos = allNameValuePairs.indexOf(nameValueSeparator, pos);
+      int delimPos = allNameValuePairs.indexOf(listDelimiter, pos);
 
-    if (delimPos > -1) {
-      String value = allNameValuePairs.substring(equalsPos + 1, delimPos);
-      // dp("cont "+key+","+value+" pos:"+pos+"
-      // len:"+allNameValuePairs.length());
-      key = key.trim();
+      if (delimPos == -1) {
+        delimPos = allNameValuePairs.length();
+      }
+      if (equalsPos == -1) {
+        // dp("no more equals...");
+        return map;
+      }
+      if (delimPos == (equalsPos + 1)) {
+        // dp("Ignoring as nothing between delim and equals...
+        // delim:"+delimPos+" eq:"+equalsPos);
+        pos = delimPos + 1;
+        continue;
+      }
+      if (equalsPos > delimPos) {
+        // there is a key without a value?
+        String key = allNameValuePairs.substring(pos, delimPos);
+        key = key.trim();
+        if (!key.isEmpty()) {
+          map.put(key, null);
+        }
+        pos = delimPos + 1;
+        continue;
 
-      map.put(key, value);
-      pos = delimPos + 1;
+      }
+      String key = allNameValuePairs.substring(pos, equalsPos);
 
-      // recurse the rest of the values...
-      return getKeyValue(map, pos, allNameValuePairs, listDelimiter, nameValueSeparator);
-    } else {
-      // dp("ERROR: delimPos < 0 ???");
-      return map;
+      if (delimPos > -1) {
+        String value = allNameValuePairs.substring(equalsPos + 1, delimPos);
+        // dp("cont "+key+","+value+" pos:"+pos+"
+        // len:"+allNameValuePairs.length());
+        key = key.trim();
+
+        map.put(key, value);
+        pos = delimPos + 1;
+
+        // recurse the rest of the values...
+
+      } else {
+        // dp("ERROR: delimPos < 0 ???");
+        return map;
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -258,66 +270,6 @@ public class StringHelper {
     }
   }
 
-  /**
-   * This returns the FIRST string in str that is bounded on the left by
-   * leftBound, and bounded on the right by rightBound. This will return null if
-   * the leftBound is not found within str.
-   * <p>
-   * If leftBound can't be found this returns null.
-   * <p>
-   * This rightBound can't be found then this throws a
-   * StringIndexOutOfBoundsException.
-   *
-   * @param str        the base string that we will search for the bounded string.
-   * @param leftBound  the left bound of the string.
-   * @param rightBound the right bound of the string.
-   */
-  public static String getBoundedString(String str, String leftBound, String rightBound)
-    throws RuntimeException {
-
-    if (str == null) {
-      throw new RuntimeException("string to parse is null?");
-    }
-    int startPos = str.indexOf(leftBound);
-    if (startPos > -1) {
-      startPos += leftBound.length();
-      int endPos = str.indexOf(rightBound, startPos);
-      // dp(str+" start:"+startPos+" end:"+endPos);
-      if (endPos == -1) {
-        throw new RuntimeException("Can't find rightBound: " + rightBound);
-      }
-      return str.substring(startPos, endPos);
-    } else {
-      // if no leftBound can be found.. return null... could be in a
-      // search n parse type loop?
-      // this keeps "no tag"==null different from "tag not formed
-      // properly"==StringParsingException
-      return null;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Takes the String bounded by leftBound & rightBound, and replaces it with
-   * replaceString. Actually removes the left and right bound strings aswell.
-   */
-  public static String setBoundedString(String str, String leftBound, String rightBound,
-                                        String replaceString) {
-
-    int startPos = str.indexOf(leftBound);
-    if (startPos > -1) {
-      // startPos = startPos;
-      int endPos = str.indexOf(rightBound, startPos + leftBound.length());
-      if (endPos > -1) {
-        String toReplace = str.substring(startPos, endPos + 1);
-        return replaceString(str, toReplace, replaceString);
-      } else {
-        return str;
-      }
-    } else {
-      return str;
-    }
-  }
-
   /**
    * This method takes a String and will replace all occurrences of the match
    * String with that of the replace String.
@@ -423,6 +375,9 @@ public class StringHelper {
    * }</pre>
    */
   public static String replaceStringMulti(String source, String[] match, String replace) {
+    if (source == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
     return replaceStringMulti(source, match, replace, 30, 0, source.length());
   }
 
@@ -436,7 +391,9 @@ public class StringHelper {
    */
   public static String replaceStringMulti(String source, String[] match, String replace,
                                           int additionalSize, int startPos, int endPos) {
-
+    if (source == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
     int shortestMatch = match[0].length();
 
     char[] match0 = new char[match.length];
@@ -496,48 +453,27 @@ public class StringHelper {
   }
 
   /**
-   * This method takes a String as an argument and removes all occurrences of
-   * the supplied Char. It returns the resulting String.
+   * Splits at any whitespace "," or ";" and trims the result.
+   * It does not return empty entries.
    */
-  public static String removeChar(String s, char chr) {
-
-    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s.length());
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
-      char c = s.charAt(i);
-      if (c != chr) {
-        sb.append(c);
-      }
+  public static String[] splitNames(String names) {
+    if (names == null || names.isEmpty()) {
+      return EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
     }
-
-    return sb.toString();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * This method takes a String as an argument and removes all occurrences of
-   * the supplied Chars. It returns the resulting String.
-   */
-  public static String removeChars(String s, char[] chr) {
-
-    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s.length());
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
-      char c = s.charAt(i);
-      if (!charMatch(c, chr)) {
-        sb.append(c);
-      }
+    String[] result = SPLIT_NAMES.split(names);
+    if (result.length == 0) {
+      return EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY; // don't know if this ever can happen
     }
-
-    return sb.toString();
-  }
-
-  private static boolean charMatch(int iChr, char[] chr) {
-    for (char aChr : chr) {
-      if (iChr == aChr) {
-        return true;
+    if ("".equals(result[0])) { //  = input string starts with whitespace
+      if (result.length == 1) { //  = input string contains only whitespace
+        return EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
+      } else {
+        String ret[] = new String[result.length-1]; // remove first entry
+        System.arraycopy(result, 1, ret, 0, ret.length);
+        return ret;
       }
+    } else {
+      return result;
     }
-    return false;
   }
-
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/BindParams.java

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public class BindParams implements Serializable {
    * Bind hash and count used to detect when the bind values have changed such
    * that the generated SQL (with named parameters) needs to be recalculated.
    */
-  private int[] bindHash;
+  private String bindHash;
 
   public BindParams() {
   }
@@ -56,32 +56,29 @@ public class BindParams implements Serializable {
    * taken into account when calculating the query hash.
    * </p>
    */
-  public void buildQueryPlanHash(HashQueryPlanBuilder builder) {
-    int[] vals = calcQueryPlanHash();
-    builder.add(vals[0]).bind(vals[1]);
+  public String calcQueryPlanHash() {
+    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+    buildQueryPlanHash(builder);
+    return builder.toString();
   }
 
   /**
    * Calculate and return a query plan bind hash with total bind count.
    */
-  public int[] calcQueryPlanHash() {
+  public void buildQueryPlanHash(StringBuilder builder) {
     int tempBindCount;
     int bc = 0;
-    int hc = 92821;
     for (Param param : positionedParameters) {
       tempBindCount = param.queryBindCount();
       bc += tempBindCount;
-      hc = hc * 92821 + tempBindCount;
+      builder.append("p").append(bc).append(" ?:").append(tempBindCount).append(",");
     }
 
     for (Map.Entry<String, Param> entry : namedParameters.entrySet()) {
       tempBindCount = entry.getValue().queryBindCount();
       bc += tempBindCount;
-      hc = hc * 92821 + entry.getKey().hashCode();
-      hc = hc * 92821 + tempBindCount;
+      builder.append("n").append(bc).append(" k:").append(entry.getKey()).append(" ?:").append(tempBindCount).append(",");
     }
-
-    return new int[]{hc, bc};
   }
 
   /**
@@ -169,11 +166,7 @@ public class BindParams implements Serializable {
   }
 
   private Param getParam(String name) {
-    Param p = namedParameters.get(name);
-    if (p == null) {
-      p = new Param();
-      namedParameters.put(name, p);
-    }
+    Param p = namedParameters.computeIfAbsent(name, k -> new Param());
     return p;
   }
 
@@ -281,9 +274,9 @@ public class BindParams implements Serializable {
       bindHash = calcQueryPlanHash();
       return false;
     }
-    int[] oldPlan = bindHash;
+    String oldPlan = bindHash;
     bindHash = calcQueryPlanHash();
-    return bindHash[0] == oldPlan[0] && bindHash[1] == oldPlan[1];
+    return bindHash.equals(oldPlan);
   }
 
   /**

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/ExtraTypeFactory.java

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package io.ebean.plugin;
+package io.ebeaninternal.api;
 
 import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.type.ScalarType;

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/ManyWhereJoins.java

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ package io.ebeaninternal.api;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.deploy.BeanProperty;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.deploy.BeanPropertyAssocMany;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.el.ElPropertyDeploy;
-import io.ebeaninternal.server.query.SplitName;
+import io.ebean.util.SplitName;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.query.SqlJoinType;
 
 import java.io.Serializable;

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/ScopeTrans.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package io.ebeaninternal.api;
 
 import io.ebean.TxScope;
-import io.ebean.PersistBatch;
+import io.ebean.annotation.PersistBatch;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ public class ScopeTrans implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
 
   private Boolean restoreBatchGeneratedKeys;
 
+  private boolean restoreBatchFlushOnQuery;
+
   /**
    * Flag set when a rollback has occurred.
    */
@@ -77,10 +79,14 @@ public class ScopeTrans implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
         restoreBatchOnCascade = transaction.getBatchOnCascade();
         restoreBatchSize = transaction.getBatchSize();
         restoreBatchGeneratedKeys = transaction.getBatchGetGeneratedKeys();
+        restoreBatchFlushOnQuery = transaction.isBatchFlushOnQuery();
       }
       if (txScope.isBatchSet()) {
         transaction.setBatch(txScope.getBatch());
       }
+      if (!txScope.isFlushOnQuery()) {
+        transaction.setBatchFlushOnQuery(false);
+      }
       if (txScope.isBatchOnCascadeSet()) {
         transaction.setBatchOnCascade(txScope.getBatchOnCascade());
       }
@@ -147,7 +153,7 @@ public class ScopeTrans implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
   }
 
   protected void restoreSuspended() {
-    if (suspendedTransaction != null) {
+    if (created || suspendedTransaction != null) {
       // put the previously suspended transaction
       // back onto the ThreadLocal or equivalent
       scopeMgr.replace(suspendedTransaction);
@@ -158,6 +164,7 @@ public class ScopeTrans implements Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler {
     if (created) {
       transaction.commit();
     } else {
+      transaction.setBatchFlushOnQuery(restoreBatchFlushOnQuery);
       if (restoreBatch != null) {
         transaction.setBatch(restoreBatch);
       }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/ScopedTransaction.java

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebeaninternal.api;
 
-import io.ebean.PersistBatch;
+import io.ebean.annotation.PersistBatch;
 import io.ebean.TransactionCallback;
 import io.ebean.annotation.DocStoreMode;
 import io.ebean.bean.PersistenceContext;
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import io.ebeaninternal.server.persist.BatchControl;
 import io.ebeanservice.docstore.api.DocStoreTransaction;
 
 import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
-import java.io.IOException;
 import java.sql.Connection;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/SpiContainerBootup.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package io.ebeaninternal.api;
+
+/**
+ * Plugin API available to invoke something prior to container bootup.
+ * <p>
+ * The initial intent is to provide a hook for 'docker-run' such that we can automatically ensure
+ * we have a test DB docker container running and setup ready to go.
+ * </p>
+ */
+public interface SpiContainerBootup {
+
+  /**
+   * Run something at bootup prior to the container starting.
+   *
+   * For example, start DB docker container(s).
+   */
+  void bootup();
+}

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/SpiEbeanServer.java

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import io.ebean.config.ServerConfig;
 import io.ebean.config.dbplatform.DatabasePlatform;
 import io.ebean.event.readaudit.ReadAuditLogger;
 import io.ebean.event.readaudit.ReadAuditPrepare;
+import io.ebeaninternal.dbmigration.ddlgeneration.DdlHandler;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.core.timezone.DataTimeZone;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.deploy.BeanDescriptor;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.query.CQuery;
@@ -25,6 +26,11 @@ import java.util.List;
  */
 public interface SpiEbeanServer extends EbeanServer, BeanLoader, BeanCollectionLoader {
 
+  /**
+   * Return the server extended Json context.
+   */
+  SpiJsonContext jsonExtended();
+
   /**
    * For internal use, shutdown of the server invoked by JVM Shutdown.
    */
@@ -200,4 +206,14 @@ public interface SpiEbeanServer extends EbeanServer, BeanLoader, BeanCollectionL
    * Return the DataTimeZone to use when reading/writing timestamps via JDBC.
    */
   DataTimeZone getDataTimeZone();
+
+  /**
+   * Check for slow query event.
+   */
+  void slowQueryCheck(long executionTimeMicros, int rowCount, SpiQuery<?> query);
+
+  /**
+   * Create DDL handler given the platform and configuration of the server.
+   */
+  DdlHandler createDdlHandler();
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/SpiExpression.java

@@ -48,18 +48,13 @@ public interface SpiExpression extends Expression {
    * from an AutoTune perspective and get different tuning.
    * </p>
    */
-  void queryPlanHash(HashQueryPlanBuilder builder);
+  void queryPlanHash(StringBuilder builder);
 
   /**
    * Return the hash value for the values that will be bound.
    */
   int queryBindHash();
 
-  /**
-   * Return true if the expression is the same without taking into account bind values.
-   */
-  boolean isSameByPlan(SpiExpression other);
-
   /**
    * Return true if the expression is the same with respect to bind values.
    */

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/SpiExpressionRequest.java

@@ -65,4 +65,9 @@ public interface SpiExpressionRequest {
    * Append a DB Like clause.
    */
   void appendLike();
+
+  /**
+   * Escapes a string to use it as exact match in Like clause.
+   */
+  String escapeLikeString(String value);
 }

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/SpiJsonContext.java

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package io.ebeaninternal.api;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
+import io.ebean.text.json.JsonContext;
+import io.ebean.text.json.JsonWriteOptions;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.text.json.SpiJsonWriter;
+
+import java.io.Writer;
+
+/**
+ * Extended Json Context for internal server use.
+ */
+public interface SpiJsonContext extends JsonContext {
+
+  /**
+   * Create a Json Writer for writing beans as JSON.
+   */
+  SpiJsonWriter createJsonWriter(JsonGenerator gen, JsonWriteOptions options);
+
+  /**
+   * Create a Json Writer for writing beans as JSON supplying a writer.
+   */
+  SpiJsonWriter createJsonWriter(Writer writer);
+}

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/api/SpiQuery.java

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 package io.ebeaninternal.api;
 
+import io.ebean.CacheMode;
 import io.ebean.EbeanServer;
 import io.ebean.ExpressionList;
 import io.ebean.OrderBy;
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ import io.ebeaninternal.server.query.CancelableQuery;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.querydefn.NaturalKeyBindParam;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.querydefn.OrmQueryDetail;
 import io.ebeaninternal.server.querydefn.OrmUpdateProperties;
+import io.ebeaninternal.server.rawsql.SpiRawSql;
 
 import java.sql.Timestamp;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -161,6 +163,7 @@ public interface SpiQuery<T> extends Query<T> {
   /**
    * Return the ForUpdate mode.
    */
+  @Override
   ForUpdate getForUpdateMode();
 
   /**
@@ -168,6 +171,11 @@ public interface SpiQuery<T> extends Query<T> {
    */
   BeanDescriptor<T> getBeanDescriptor();
 
+  /**
+   * Return the RawSql that was set to use for this query.
+   */
+  SpiRawSql getRawSql();
+
   /**
    * Return true if this query should be executed against the doc store.
    */
@@ -582,9 +590,9 @@ public interface SpiQuery<T> extends Query<T> {
   boolean isUseBeanCache();
 
   /**
-   * Return true if this query should use/check the query cache.
+   * Return the cache mode if this query should use/check the query cache.
    */
-  boolean isUseQueryCache();
+  CacheMode getUseQueryCache();
 
   /**
    * Return true if the beans from this query should be loaded into the bean

src/main/java/io/ebeaninternal/dbmigration/DbOffline.java

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-package io.ebean.dbmigration;
+package io.ebeaninternal.dbmigration;
 
-import io.ebean.Platform;
+import io.ebean.annotation.Platform;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;