diff --git a/.github/workflows/docker.yml b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
index 986b8e08..626bab84 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -117,21 +117,21 @@ jobs:
           OPTIONAL_DEPS: ${{ matrix.optional_deps }}
 
       - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v1
+        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2
 
       - name: Set up builder
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
         id: builder
 
       - name: Login to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        uses: docker/login-action@v2
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
         if: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
 
       - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        uses: docker/login-action@v2
         with:
           registry: ghcr.io
           username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ jobs:
         if: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
 
       - name: Build and push
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
         with:
           context: .
           builder: ${{ steps.builder.outputs.name }}
diff --git a/dataprovider/bolt.go b/dataprovider/bolt.go
index f15b27a2..b756a927 100644
--- a/dataprovider/bolt.go
+++ b/dataprovider/bolt.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
 	bolt "go.etcd.io/bbolt"
@@ -25,7 +24,6 @@ const (
 )
 
 var (
-	lastUserUpdate  int64
 	usersBucket     = []byte("users")
 	groupsBucket    = []byte("groups")
 	foldersBucket   = []byte("folders")
@@ -2381,14 +2379,6 @@ func (p *BoltProvider) getFoldersBucket(tx *bolt.Tx) (*bolt.Bucket, error) {
 	return bucket, err
 }
 
-func setLastUserUpdate() {
-	atomic.StoreInt64(&lastUserUpdate, util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now()))
-}
-
-func getLastUserUpdate() int64 {
-	return atomic.LoadInt64(&lastUserUpdate)
-}
-
 func getBoltDatabaseVersion(dbHandle *bolt.DB) (schemaVersion, error) {
 	var dbVersion schemaVersion
 	err := dbHandle.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
diff --git a/dataprovider/scheduler.go b/dataprovider/scheduler.go
index 7b51def9..d87b2791 100644
--- a/dataprovider/scheduler.go
+++ b/dataprovider/scheduler.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package dataprovider
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/robfig/cron/v3"
@@ -14,6 +15,9 @@ import (
 var (
 	scheduler        *cron.Cron
 	lastCachesUpdate int64
+	// used for bolt and memory providers, so we avoid iterating all users
+	// to find recently modified ones
+	lastUserUpdate int64
 )
 
 func stopScheduler() {
@@ -82,3 +86,11 @@ func checkCacheUpdates() {
 	lastCachesUpdate = checkTime
 	providerLog(logger.LevelDebug, "end caches check, new update time %v", util.GetTimeFromMsecSinceEpoch(lastCachesUpdate))
 }
+
+func setLastUserUpdate() {
+	atomic.StoreInt64(&lastUserUpdate, util.GetTimeAsMsSinceEpoch(time.Now()))
+}
+
+func getLastUserUpdate() int64 {
+	return atomic.LoadInt64(&lastUserUpdate)
+}