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<a href="https://github.com/alibaba/arthas/blob/master/site/src/site/sphinx/tt.md" class="fa fa-github"> Edit on GitHub</a>
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<div class="section" id="tt">
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<span id="tt"></span><h1>tt<a class="headerlink" href="#tt" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
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<blockquote>
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<div>方法执行数据的时空隧道，记录下指定方法每次调用的入参和返回信息，并能对这些不同的时间下调用进行观测</div></blockquote>
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<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">watch</span></code> 虽然很方便和灵活，但需要提前想清楚观察表达式的拼写，这对排查问题而言要求太高，因为很多时候我们并不清楚问题出自于何方，只能靠蛛丝马迹进行猜测。</p>
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<p>这个时候如果能记录下当时方法调用的所有入参和返回值、抛出的异常会对整个问题的思考与判断非常有帮助。</p>
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<p>于是乎，TimeTunnel 命令就诞生了。</p>
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<div class="section" id="">
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<span id="id1"></span><h2>使用参考<a class="headerlink" href="#" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
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<div class="section" id="demo">
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<span id="demo"></span><h3>启动 Demo<a class="headerlink" href="#demo" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h3>
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<p>启动<a class="reference internal" href="quick-start.html"><span class="doc">快速入门</span></a>里的<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arthas-demo</span></code>。</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="">
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<span id="id2"></span><h3>记录调用<a class="headerlink" href="#" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h3>
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<p>对于一个最基本的使用来说，就是记录下当前方法的每次调用环境现场。</p>
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ tt -t demo.MathGame primeFactors
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Press Ctrl+C to abort.
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Affect<span class="o">(</span>class-cnt:1 , method-cnt:1<span class="o">)</span> cost in <span class="m">66</span> ms.
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INDEX TIMESTAMP COST<span class="o">(</span>ms<span class="o">)</span> IS-RET IS-EXP OBJECT CLASS METHOD
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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<span class="m">1000</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:38 <span class="m">1</span>.096236 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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<span class="m">1001</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:39 <span class="m">0</span>.191848 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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<span class="m">1002</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:40 <span class="m">0</span>.069523 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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<span class="m">1003</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:41 <span class="m">0</span>.186073 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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<span class="m">1004</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:42 <span class="m">17</span>.76437 <span class="nb">true</span> <span class="nb">false</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<ul>
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<li><p class="first">命令参数解析</p>
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<ul>
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<li><p class="first"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-t</span></code></p>
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<p>tt 命令有很多个主参数，<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-t</span></code> 就是其中之一。这个参数的表明希望记录下类 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">*Test</span></code> 的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print</span></code> 方法的每次执行情况。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p class="first"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-n</span> <span class="pre">3</span></code></p>
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<p>当你执行一个调用量不高的方法时可能你还能有足够的时间用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CTRL+C</span></code> 中断 tt 命令记录的过程，但如果遇到调用量非常大的方法，瞬间就能将你的 JVM 内存撑爆。</p>
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<p>此时你可以通过 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-n</span></code> 参数指定你需要记录的次数，当达到记录次数时 Arthas 会主动中断tt命令的记录过程，避免人工操作无法停止的情况。</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li><p class="first">表格字段说明</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<table border="1" class="docutils">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>表格字段</th>
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<th>字段解释</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>INDEX</td>
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<td>时间片段记录编号，每一个编号代表着一次调用，后续tt还有很多命令都是基于此编号指定记录操作，非常重要。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>TIMESTAMP</td>
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<td>方法执行的本机时间，记录了这个时间片段所发生的本机时间</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>COST(ms)</td>
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<td>方法执行的耗时</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>IS-RET</td>
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<td>方法是否以正常返回的形式结束</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>IS-EXP</td>
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<td>方法是否以抛异常的形式结束</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>OBJECT</td>
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<td>执行对象的<code>hashCode()</code>，注意，曾经有人误认为是对象在JVM中的内存地址，但很遗憾他不是。但他能帮助你简单的标记当前执行方法的类实体</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>CLASS</td>
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<td>执行的类名</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>METHOD</td>
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<td>执行的方法名</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table><ul>
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<li><p class="first">条件表达式</p>
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<p>不知道大家是否有在使用过程中遇到以下困惑</p>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li>Arthas 似乎很难区分出重载的方法</li>
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<li>我只需要观察特定参数，但是 tt 却全部都给我记录了下来</li>
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</ul>
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<p>条件表达式也是用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OGNL</span></code> 来编写，核心的判断对象依然是 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Advice</span></code> 对象。除了 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tt</span></code> 命令之外，<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">watch</span></code>、<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">trace</span></code>、<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stack</span></code> 命令也都支持条件表达式。</p>
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</li>
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<li><p class="first">解决方法重载</p>
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<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tt</span> <span class="pre">-t</span> <span class="pre">*Test</span> <span class="pre">print</span> <span class="pre">params[0].length==1</span></code></p>
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<p>通过制定参数个数的形式解决不同的方法签名，如果参数个数一样，你还可以这样写</p>
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<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tt</span> <span class="pre">-t</span> <span class="pre">*Test</span> <span class="pre">print</span> <span class="pre">'params[1]</span> <span class="pre">instanceof</span> <span class="pre">Integer'</span></code></p>
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</li>
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<li><p class="first">解决指定参数</p>
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<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tt</span> <span class="pre">-t</span> <span class="pre">*Test</span> <span class="pre">print</span> <span class="pre">params[0].mobile=="13989838402"</span></code></p>
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</li>
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<li><p class="first">构成条件表达式的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Advice</span></code> 对象</p>
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<p>前边看到了很多条件表达式中，都适用了 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">params[0]</span></code>，有关这个变量的介绍，请参考<a class="reference internal" href="advice-class.html"><span class="doc">表达式核心变量</span></a></p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="">
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<span id="id3"></span><h3>检索调用记录<a class="headerlink" href="#" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h3>
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<p>当你用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tt</span></code> 记录了一大片的时间片段之后，你希望能从中筛选出自己需要的时间片段，这个时候你就需要对现有记录进行检索。</p>
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<p>假设我们有这些记录</p>
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ tt -l
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INDEX TIMESTAMP COST<span class="o">(</span>ms<span class="o">)</span> IS-RET IS-EXP OBJECT CLASS METHOD
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-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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<span class="m">1000</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:38 <span class="m">1</span>.096236 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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<span class="m">1001</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:39 <span class="m">0</span>.191848 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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<span class="m">1002</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:40 <span class="m">0</span>.069523 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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<span class="m">1003</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:41 <span class="m">0</span>.186073 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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<span class="m">1004</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:42 <span class="m">17</span>.76437 <span class="nb">true</span> <span class="nb">false</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
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<span class="m">9</span>
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<span class="m">1005</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:43 <span class="m">0</span>.4776 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
|
|
Affect<span class="o">(</span>row-cnt:6<span class="o">)</span> cost in <span class="m">4</span> ms.
|
|
</pre></div>
|
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</div>
|
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<p>我需要筛选出 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">primeFactors</span></code> 方法的调用信息</p>
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ tt -s <span class="s1">'method.name=="primeFactors"'</span>
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INDEX TIMESTAMP COST<span class="o">(</span>ms<span class="o">)</span> IS-RET IS-EXP OBJECT CLASS METHOD
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
<span class="m">1000</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:38 <span class="m">1</span>.096236 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
|
|
<span class="m">1001</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:39 <span class="m">0</span>.191848 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
|
|
<span class="m">1002</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:40 <span class="m">0</span>.069523 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
|
|
<span class="m">1003</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:41 <span class="m">0</span>.186073 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
|
|
<span class="m">1004</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:42 <span class="m">17</span>.76437 <span class="nb">true</span> <span class="nb">false</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
|
|
<span class="m">9</span>
|
|
<span class="m">1005</span> <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:43 <span class="m">0</span>.4776 <span class="nb">false</span> <span class="nb">true</span> 0x4b67cf4d MathGame primeFactors
|
|
Affect<span class="o">(</span>row-cnt:6<span class="o">)</span> cost in <span class="m">607</span> ms.
|
|
</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>你需要一个 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-s</span></code> 参数。<span style="color:red;">同样的，搜索表达式的核心对象依旧是 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Advice</span></code> 对象。</span></p>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="">
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<span id="id4"></span><h3>查看调用信息<a class="headerlink" href="#" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h3>
|
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<p>对于具体一个时间片的信息而言，你可以通过 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-i</span></code> 参数后边跟着对应的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX</span></code> 编号查看到他的详细信息。</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ tt -i <span class="m">1003</span>
|
|
INDEX <span class="m">1003</span>
|
|
GMT-CREATE <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:15:41
|
|
COST<span class="o">(</span>ms<span class="o">)</span> <span class="m">0</span>.186073
|
|
OBJECT 0x4b67cf4d
|
|
CLASS demo.MathGame
|
|
METHOD primeFactors
|
|
IS-RETURN <span class="nb">false</span>
|
|
IS-EXCEPTION <span class="nb">true</span>
|
|
PARAMETERS<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span> @Integer<span class="o">[</span>-564322413<span class="o">]</span>
|
|
THROW-EXCEPTION java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: number is: -564322413, need ><span class="o">=</span> <span class="m">2</span>
|
|
at demo.MathGame.primeFactors<span class="o">(</span>MathGame.java:46<span class="o">)</span>
|
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at demo.MathGame.run<span class="o">(</span>MathGame.java:24<span class="o">)</span>
|
|
at demo.MathGame.main<span class="o">(</span>MathGame.java:16<span class="o">)</span>
|
|
|
|
Affect<span class="o">(</span>row-cnt:1<span class="o">)</span> cost in <span class="m">11</span> ms.
|
|
</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="">
|
|
<span id="id5"></span><h3>重做一次调用<a class="headerlink" href="#" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h3>
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<p>当你稍稍做了一些调整之后，你可能需要前端系统重新触发一次你的调用，此时得求爷爷告奶奶的需要前端配合联调的同学再次发起一次调用。而有些场景下，这个调用不是这么好触发的。</p>
|
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<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tt</span></code> 命令由于保存了当时调用的所有现场信息，所以我们可以自己主动对一个 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX</span></code> 编号的时间片自主发起一次调用，从而解放你的沟通成本。此时你需要 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-p</span></code> 参数。</p>
|
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$ tt -i <span class="m">1004</span> -p
|
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RE-INDEX <span class="m">1004</span>
|
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GMT-REPLAY <span class="m">2018</span>-12-04 <span class="m">11</span>:26:00
|
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OBJECT 0x4b67cf4d
|
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CLASS demo.MathGame
|
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METHOD primeFactors
|
|
PARAMETERS<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">0</span><span class="o">]</span> @Integer<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">946738738</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
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IS-RETURN <span class="nb">true</span>
|
|
IS-EXCEPTION <span class="nb">false</span>
|
|
RETURN-OBJ @ArrayList<span class="o">[</span>
|
|
@Integer<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">]</span>,
|
|
@Integer<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">11</span><span class="o">]</span>,
|
|
@Integer<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">17</span><span class="o">]</span>,
|
|
@Integer<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">2531387</span><span class="o">]</span>,
|
|
<span class="o">]</span>
|
|
Time fragment<span class="o">[</span><span class="m">1004</span><span class="o">]</span> successfully replayed.
|
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Affect<span class="o">(</span>row-cnt:1<span class="o">)</span> cost in <span class="m">14</span> ms.
|
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</pre></div>
|
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</div>
|
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<p>你会发现结果虽然一样，但调用的路径发生了变化，有原来的程序发起变成了 Arthas 自己的内部线程发起的调用了。</p>
|
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<ul>
|
|
<li><p class="first">需要强调的点</p>
|
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<ol>
|
|
<li><p class="first"><strong>ThreadLocal 信息丢失</strong></p>
|
|
<p>很多框架偷偷的将一些环境变量信息塞到了发起调用线程的 ThreadLocal 中，由于调用线程发生了变化，这些 ThreadLocal 线程信息无法通过 Arthas 保存，所以这些信息将会丢失。</p>
|
|
<p>一些常见的 CASE 比如：鹰眼的 TraceId 等。</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li><p class="first"><strong>引用的对象</strong></p>
|
|
<p>需要强调的是，<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tt</span></code> 命令是将当前环境的对象引用保存起来，但仅仅也只能保存一个引用而已。如果方法内部对入参进行了变更，或者返回的对象经过了后续的处理，那么在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tt</span></code> 查看的时候将无法看到当时最准确的值。这也是为什么 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">watch</span></code> 命令存在的意义。</p>
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</li>
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</ol>
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</li>
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</ul>
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